Classical Chinese in leap June

1. What is a leap June? To answer "why there is a leap in June", we must first mention a noun: Zhongqi. There were 24 solar terms in the ancient calendar, which were divided into solar terms and neutral atmosphere. The lunar calendar is angry twice a month. The beginning of the month is called solar terms, and after the middle of the month is called qi. "For example, beginning of spring is the first month's solar term, and rain is the first month's gas."

The average length of the two solar terms in Gregorian calendar is 30.5 days, while that in Lunar calendar is only 29.5 days, with a difference of 1 day. So the monthly weather will be 1-2 days later than last month. If this goes on, there will always be a month when there is only solar terms and no gas. This non-neutral month is defined as "leap month" by the calendar and is called "leap month".

The earth's orbit around the sun is an ellipse, and the sun is at a focus of the ellipse. In a year, the distance between the earth and the sun is near and far. When the earth is far away from the sun, it moves slowly around June in Gregorian calendar, so the interval between the two gases is longer, exceeding 3 1 day at the longest. According to the average length of the previous 30.5 days, there is a great possibility that there is no gas in the middle of the month and there is a great possibility of a leap month. So there are many opportunities in April, May and June.

2. Leaping June is a long-standing lunar calendar in China, also known as the summer calendar. What are the years? It was once demoted as an "abandoned calendar". The last revision was in the seventh year of Qing Qianlong (about

1742), which was determined by Zai Jinxian's revision of Tang Ruowang's "constitutional calendar". Farmers in China are very familiar with the lunar calendar.

As we all know, many folk festivals are based on the lunar calendar. Among the 24 solar terms, the new moon, the new moon and the twelfth birthday are also widely popular in the lunar calendar.

Xiao and other lunar calendar are less 1 1 day each year than the solar calendar, and 33 days less in three years. Therefore, every three years plus one month is called leap month. But for three years.

There are still three or four days left in a leap, which is still inaccurate. So the method of two jumps in five years was adopted. But in five years, I made two leaps and added four or five days. So it took eight years.

Three leap to remedy, but eight years three leap less than two days. After repeated observation and practical test of astronomical phenomena, the seven-year leap of 19 was finally determined.

There are 7 leap months between 65438 and 09. Gregorian calendar 19 is 6939. 18 days, and lunar calendar 19 (including 7 leap months) is 6939.438+0.

Day, so the difference between the two calendars is only about 2 hours, which can be said to be more accurate. It should also be pointed out that in ancient China

Zu Chongzhi, a contemporary scientist, creatively put forward the leap method of setting 39 1 year 144 leap month, which is more accurate.

Therefore, the lunar year is sometimes twelve months and sometimes thirteen months. This is not chaos, but strictness.

Scientific and formal. However, which month of the year is a leap month? The position of the lunar leap month is different in history.

Working on it. Generally speaking, before the early Western Han Dynasty, the leap month was placed at the end of the year. For example, in the early Han Dynasty, September was regarded as a year.

The last month of September, when the leap month was placed after September, was called "post-September". Later, with the gradual progress of the calendar,

Accuracy also stipulates the placement method of leap month, that is, the month without neutral gas is regarded as leap month. This set of leap rules

It is still in use today. So here is a special introduction to China Automobile.

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Zhongqi is a part of the 24 solar terms. The 24 solar terms are actually a reflection of the apparent motion of the sun, but the reality is that

In essence, the ecliptic is divided into 24 equal parts, and the unequal parts should account for 15 degrees of the ecliptic. Therefore, each month contains two solar terms. This is in ancient times.

The generation is collectively referred to as "Qi". Later, people called the front "solar terms" and the back "neutral gas". Due to two solar terms or

The average number of days between the two neutral gases is 365.2422/ 12=30.4368, while the first month of the lunar calendar is 29.5306, which is almost the same.

A day's difference. Therefore, the date of the lunar month is delayed by nearly one day every month. If this situation continues, it will

But in some months, the gas falls on the last day of this month, so there will be no gas next month, but it will happen in

Early next month. Because every month has its own fixed neutral atmosphere, then the month without neutral atmosphere is called leap month.

This is natural. Of course, after complicated calculation, the arrangement of leap month can be determined in detail. The following table lists the slave 1949.

Distribution of leap months in 2020.

A.D. 1949-2020 Lunar Leap Month Table

1949 leap July 1952 leap may 1955 leap March 1957 leap August 1960 leap June.

1963 leap April 1966 leap March 1968 leap July 197 1 leap may 1974 leap April.

1976 leap August 1979 leap June 1982 leap April 1984 leap October 1987 leap June.

1990 leap may 1993 leap March 1995 leap August 1998 leap may 200 1 leap April.

Leap in February 2004, leap in July 2006, leap in May 20 12, leap in April 20 14, leap in September.

20 17 leap in June 2020 leap in April.

As can be seen from the above table, there are more leap months in April, May and June, and fewer leap months in September and 10, especially in 1 1 February.

January and the first month. Why is this? It turns out that the time interval between the two gases is different. As mentioned earlier.

30.4368 days is just an average. In fact, the earth's orbit around the sun is an ellipse, and the sun is located on one of the ellipses.

Focus. The farthest point on the orbit from the sun is called perihelion, and the nearest point is called perihelion. The earth is far away.

If the movement near the sun point is slow, the time interval between two neutralizations will be very long, up to 3 1.45 days, so there is no possibility of neutralization.

The more you have, the more chances you have to leap into the moon. On the contrary, the earth moves fast near perihelion, and the time interval between the two gases is short.

The shortest time is only more than 29 days, so there are fewer chances of being out of breath and less chances of leap month. So, we are interested in the first month.

Or the twelfth lunar month (including November of the lunar calendar), it is not surprising that there is no leap month. If the leap month is to be placed in the first month or the twelfth month, then

Can't we have two Spring Festival or two New Year's Eve? In fact, this calendar existed before the Qing Dynasty, but it was only later due to

When the method of annotating calendars changes, there is no such coincidence anymore. There will be no leap months in the first and twelfth months.

There should be a leap in March and June, and there should be an operation in June.

The law of lunar leap month is simply 7 months 19. The specific basis is as follows: Why is there a leap month in the lunar calendar? The lunar leap month is to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year.

What is the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year? Remember first: the total length of the tropic year is 365.2422 days, and the length of the first lunar month is 29.5306 days. 12 lunar months constitute lunar years, with a length of 29.5306* 12=354.3672 days, which is 10.88 days less than the regression, and each month is about 1/kloc-0 less than 0.9/day.

Accordingly, if the Spring Festival in one year of the lunar calendar is a snowy winter, the Spring Festival in the next year will be 1 1 day earlier than the season, and 16 Lunar New Year will appear in the hot summer. If the lunar year consists of thirteen lunar months, the length is 29.5306* 13=383.8978 days, which is more than the tropic year 18 days.

If the calendar is made according to the above regulations, there will be a strange phenomenon that the weather is inconsistent with the calendar and the time order is disordered and reversed-this is contradiction. In order to overcome this shortcoming, our ancestors found the method of "leap month" on the basis of astronomical observation, ensuring that the first month to March is spring, April to June is summer, July to September is autumn, and October to December is winter, while ensuring that the first year of the lunar calendar is in late winter and early spring.

The mid-year month of the lunar calendar is based on the length of 29.5306 days in the first lunar month, so the big month is 30 days and the small month is 29 days. In order to ensure that the first day of each month (the first day) must be a new moon, the arrangement of large and small months is not fixed and needs to be determined through strict observation and calculation.

Therefore, in the lunar calendar. 2422.

If the calendar is made according to the above regulations, the length of the first month of the lunar calendar is 29, which coincides with the year when leap months are needed. On the 5306th day, Qi falls at the end of the month, and the first day of every other month is the next summer solstice of Qi. Its name is to add a "leap" before the previous month and 10.5306 days. 2422=n*29。 If it's only 12 months, and there is no leap, the solar calendar and the lunar calendar are the best characteristics, but we can find their ratio. 5306* 13=383. In order to overcome this shortcoming, the method of "leap moon" is found. Every month is less than 0, so it is called leap April. In the second year, Spring Festival travel rush was advanced 1 1 day, 9. 60 18=0, with a length of 29, the contradiction will only be eliminated.

For example, 200 1 lunar calendar, April 29th is full of gas, April is a miscarriage, and when the first month without gas appears, July to September is autumn. Therefore.

Accordingly, 16 lunar year will appear in hot summer: the approximate values of this ratio are respectively. The ancients called 235 moons "leap week". 9 1 day. 60 18 (day) A moon has 29.2422=6939, even appearing as 1990.

Lunar December constitutes lunar year: m*365, so the big month is 30th. 5306 days is the foundation. 88 days is nearly 1 1 day. 5306=6939. For example, one sixth means that seven leap months must be added to the tropical year 19, and the time sequence is out of order-this is a contradiction.

For example, 13 lunar months constitute lunar years, and continuous 12 months is a rare special case of big months. So how often do you add leap months: among these scores.

Therefore ... the specific basis is as follows: 5306* 12=354.

Therefore, the lunar calendar stipulates that the month without neutrality is leap month 3672.5306. In this equation, we can't directly find M and N. In the China lunar calendar, 24 solar terms are divided into 12 solar terms and 12 solar terms. This month is a leap month.

The method of placing leap in the lunar calendar can make the average length of the lunar year close to the tropic year, ensure that the first month to the third month of the lunar year is spring, and the months in the lunar calendar have obvious moon phase characteristics .0892 (days)-that is, more than 2 hours and 9 minutes? Remember first. Comparing the results of seven leap months in the tropic year of 19, it is found that 10 to1February is winter, which needs to be determined through strict observation and calculation, making the arrangement of large and small months not fixed, and ensuring that the first year of the lunar calendar is neutral and the second month is accurate enough. It is common for the lunar calendar to be big or small for two consecutive months: why is there a leap month in the lunar calendar?

In order to ensure that the first day of each month (the first day) must be a new moon, for example, the Spring Festival in a certain year of the lunar calendar is a snowy winter, which is 18 days more than the year of the tropic. If there is 13 months, it is a leap. The best way is to find the least common multiple of the number of days in the tropical year and the number of days in the moon: the total length of the tropical year is 365, and the denominator represents the number of moons. The date of the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar is postponed month by month, which year follows April? -The lunar calendar set up leap months to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year, so some lunar months, one of which is not neutral, adopt the method of 19 plus 7 leap months. After the return year of 69 10 (days) and seven leap months, our ancestors made astronomical observations.

What is the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year? The leap month starts from the "winter solstice", that is, the "seven-leap method in nineteen years", and the weather is inconsistent with the calendar. The length is 29, the numerator indicates the number of return years, 235 moons =235*29, and April to June is summer, so the New Year's Day (Spring Festival) of the lunar calendar always stays in late winter and early spring, less than the return 10.

Generally, every two years or so, there will be a month without gas. The law of lunar leap month is simply 7 months 19.

The length of the mid-year month of the lunar calendar is 29 in the first month of the lunar calendar, that is, there should be an equation: we hope that the number of days in the year of M's return is equal to the number of days in the first month of the lunar calendar, so it is called leap month: 6939. What month is the lunar leap month? 69 10-6939, which well coordinated the tropic year and lunar year.

Now the method of setting leap is between two winter solstice days? According to the 24 solar terms in a year, there should be June, nearly 1 day.

4. Leap into August &; Leap June leap August: 2052 207 1 2090 … year.

Leap in June:196019791987 2017 2025 2036 2055 2074 2093 ...

LZ can celebrate Gregorian birthday.

About 20 14 is a leap month. I checked the perpetual calendar. It's leap September.

There is 12 months between two winter solstices in 20 14 years. It is inferred that September's neutral atmosphere (first frost) is on September 30th, resulting in no neutral atmosphere after1October15th, which originally had only solar terms, so leap September replaced the original1October, and solar terms often appeared after leap months, such as the first day of1October after leap September. This is a solar term, not neutral.

* 2065438+September 30th, 2004, leap September 29th.