Automobile maintenance problem

Summary of maintenance content What we usually call car maintenance is mainly to keep the car in a good technical state and extend its service life. In fact, its content is wider, including the knowledge of automobile beauty care. Generally speaking, there are three main aspects: car body maintenance, which is also called car beauty. The main purpose is to remove all kinds of oxidation corrosion inside and outside the car, and then protect it to highlight the beauty of the car as much as possible. Mainly includes: car paint maintenance, cushion carpet maintenance, bumper and skirt maintenance, instrument panel maintenance, electroplating processing maintenance, leather plastic maintenance, tire and hub maintenance, windshield maintenance, chassis maintenance, engine appearance maintenance, etc. In-car maintenance Body maintenance is to keep the car young forever. The purpose of in-car maintenance is to make the car travel hundreds of thousands of kilometers without major repairs and ensure that the car is in the best technical state. It mainly includes: maintenance of lubrication system, fuel system, cooling system, braking system and carburetor (injector). Car body renovation, such as diagnosis and treatment of deep scratches, multi-material bumper repair, wheel hub (cover) hard injury repair, leather, chemical fiber material renovation, engine color renovation, etc. Automobile maintenance is divided into two categories: regular maintenance and irregular maintenance. Regular maintenance includes: daily maintenance, primary maintenance and secondary maintenance; Non-scheduled maintenance includes running-in maintenance and seasonal maintenance. The main work of car maintenance is nothing more than cleaning, inspection, fastening, adjustment and lubrication. However, with the development of science and technology and automobile industry, various advanced technologies, mainly computers, are widely used in automobiles, which makes the future automobiles gradually intelligent, so the contents of automobile maintenance are endowed with new connotations. Automobile maintenance is a complex work with high technical content, which is difficult to be completed by drivers themselves and needs to be carried out in automobile maintenance enterprises. At present, there are still some automobile maintenance enterprises in our country that stick to the traditional maintenance concept, the maintenance equipment and tools are outdated and backward, and the maintenance methods and means are still the same, which simply cannot meet the needs of modern development. In addition, the service quality of some maintenance enterprises is worrying. In order to reap huge profits, "black-box operation", the old ones are filled with new ones, the inferior ones are filled with good ones, and the maintenance and replacement fees are exorbitant. Therefore, drivers and friends must be reminded that when maintaining their cars, they must choose a maintenance company with strong technical force, reliable service quality and good reputation, instead of not maintaining their cars in order to save trouble and money, so as not to lose big because of small. Edit the maintenance function of this paragraph. Engine oil compartment, gasoline compartment, air compartment and air conditioning compartment are commonly called "four compartments" of automobiles. Although they are not very big, they are indispensable in the use of cars. Oil net and gasoline net are like human lungs, which filter out impurities in oil and gasoline and make the engine run normally. The air cabin and air conditioning cabin are also a filter. Without their filtration, even the best car can't go far, and even the best air conditioner has an odor. Lin Weihua, a senior technician in Bo Huang, reminded car owners to pay attention to every "grid" of the car. When replacing, the most expensive is not necessarily the best. Function of the oil net: As the name implies, the function of the oil net is to filter the oil, improve its cleanliness and lubricity, thus reducing the wear of the engine and making it play its best function. Working mechanism: Just like the blood circulation system of the heart, the oil in the oil pump is constantly circulating. In this process, many unexpected impurities are often produced, and this unclean thing needs to be filtered by the oil grid. Price: Domestic economical cars (below 65,438+10,000 yuan), such as Changan Star, Li Xia, Jinbei, etc. , the price of engine oil used is generally between 8 ~ 15 yuan; Mid-range car (65438+100000 ~ 200000 yuan), and the price of engine oil used is between 15 ~ 35 yuan; For mid-to-high-end cars, the price of the matching fuel tank is generally between 35 and 65 yuan; The oil price of a few rare models on the market is around 90 yuan. In addition, the engine compartment price of the original parts is generally 5 ~ 10 yuan, which is roughly 1/3 of the original parts price. However, the quality of the parts in the auxiliary factory is poor, and its apron is easy to break, which may easily lead to oil leakage, directly affect the engine operation and lead to wear, so it is not recommended to use it. Suggested replacement time: the car should be replaced every 5000- 10000 km. Experts suggest that the oil grid should be replaced every time the oil is changed. The reason is that the dirt in the old oil grid will reduce the viscosity and cleanliness of the new oil, affect the oil circulation speed and damage the engine. Gasoline grille gasoline grille function: filter the gasoline between the fuel tank and the engine combustion chamber. Working mechanism: General gasoline contains all kinds of impurities. Long-term use of the fuel tank will deposit a certain amount of dirt, which will affect the quality of gasoline. The function of gasoline grille is to filter the above impurities. The gasoline in the fuel tank reaches the combustion chamber of the engine through the filtration of the gasoline grille, and its cleanliness and purity can be effectively guaranteed. Price: The material of gasoline tank varies from car to car. The price of most economical gasoline cabins is between 50 ~ 100 yuan, and the price of a few special models is between 100 ~ 200 yuan. The gasoline price of middle and high-grade cars is above 100 yuan, and the overall difference is not big. Some sub-factory parts or brand-name gasoline grids are easy to leak oil, which may cause spontaneous combustion or even explosion, which is quite dangerous to the car body and people and is not recommended. Suggested replacement time: every 20000 kilometers of the car. Air grille Air grille function: The air grille is installed at the air inlet of the engine, which can effectively filter the dust and impurities in the air, greatly improve the purity of the air entering the combustion chamber, and thus ensure the full combustion of fuel. Working mechanism: the air bag is composed of paper filter screen, which seems to be simple in structure, but its function can not be underestimated. The failure of air cabin will lead to insufficient gasoline combustion, insufficient engine power, pollution of throttle body, unstable idle speed and abnormal engine jitter. Price: The price of the air cabin of the general model is between 50 ~ 100 yuan, and the price of a few special models such as Jaguar, Mercedes-Benz and BMW is above 100 yuan. The price of accessories is generally 1/3 ~ 1/4 of the normal price of accessories, with a maximum of twenty or thirty yuan. Suggested replacement time: every 20000 kilometers of the car. Air conditioning grille Air conditioning grille function: Similar to air grille, air conditioning grille is used to filter impurities such as dust particles in the air and provide clean air for automobile air conditioning. Working mechanism: Except for a few old models, most new air conditioners are equipped with activated carbon, which greatly improves the air purification function. If the air conditioning grille is not replaced for a long time, the air inlet will be seriously blocked, resulting in less air output, slow refrigeration and odor. Price: basically tens of yuan. It is suggested that car owners choose an air conditioning network with activated carbon, and its price is only higher than that without activated carbon. Suggested replacement time: every 20000 kilometers of the car. Precautions for replacement: 1. Pay attention to the tightness of the interface after replacing and installing the gasoline grid and the oil grid to prevent oil leakage; 2. For the air grille and air conditioning grille, ensure the overall sealing after replacement; 3. Take good care of the gasoline grid and try to use the matching grade gasoline specified by the automobile manufacturer. The editor summed up the six misunderstandings in this paragraph. The car maintenance expert said that some people thought they were maintaining the car, but in fact they were self-defeating and broke the car. After reading the following wrong maintenance methods, please come and take your seats accordingly. Imported tires-Not applicable Some people especially like to emphasize "import" when buying tires. The new tires imported from abroad have one of the most fatal defects for domestic users, that is, they are not applicable. The flat roads in Europe are quite different from those in Beijing's Second and Third Ring Roads. It is difficult for tires suitable for European road conditions to perform well in Beijing, especially the impact resistance of sidewalls, which is obviously unacceptable, just like walking on a gravel road wearing Italian brand-name leather shoes. The tire on the sidewall will inevitably be wrapped. After joint venture production in China, some foreign brands added a layer of curtain cloth on the sidewall according to the domestic road conditions, which greatly enhanced the impact resistance of the sidewall. Bian Xiao of China Automobile Supplies Network suggested that the tires produced by the joint venture can completely replace imported goods in performance. The new battery does not charge-the first charge of the battery is called the first charge, which has a great influence on the service life of the battery. If it is not charged, that is, it is directly used with "water", the battery capacity is not high and its life will be shortened; If you charge directly, it will also shorten your life. Usually, the initial charging of the battery is after the electrolyte is filled up, and it can be installed and used by charging with a small current for about one hour. Equipment in the car is added at will-affecting driving safety. Private car is the owner's mobile home, and it is understandable to pursue comfort and luxury. However, there are also car owners who add various devices to their cars. If this modification is not handled properly, it will adversely affect the performance and handling convenience of the car, and it is easy to leave sequelae or affect driving safety. The cooling water temperature is too low-it is hot when the engine wears in summer, and some drivers blindly require the cooling water temperature to be as low as possible in order to prevent the engine temperature from being too high; Some drivers simply remove the thermostat in order to cool down. These practices are wrong. In fact, automobile engines are afraid of both heat and cold. If the cooling water temperature is too low, it will worsen fuel combustion, increase engine oil consumption, aggravate wear, increase engine oil viscosity and reduce engine power. The test shows that when the cooling water temperature is 40-50℃, the engine wear increases by 60%-80%, the power decreases by 25% and the fuel consumption increases by 8%- 10%. Therefore, the temperature of engine cooling water is not as low as possible, and should generally be controlled between 80-90 degrees Celsius. When the water tank "boils", the water is added quickly-the cylinder is cracked. It is very hot in summer. Some drivers saw the phenomenon of "boiling" in the water tank and worried that the engine temperature would rise again, so they immediately turned off the engine and added water. This practice is wrong, and it is very likely that the cylinder head will crack due to quenching. If the water tank is "boiling", the general correct method is: stop immediately, keep the engine idling and continue to dissipate heat; At the same time, open the range hood to improve the heat dissipation speed. After the cooling water temperature drops, turn off the engine. At this time, if the cooling water is insufficient, it should be added slowly to prevent the cylinder head from cracking due to sudden cooling. Don't use the car for a long time, and don't use the car for a short distance-some people have become car owners, but they are usually "unwilling" to drive and only drive out on holidays. In fact, this way of using a car is very harmful. The surfaces of transmission parts such as engine and gearbox will rust due to frequent direct contact with air, and the long-term natural discharge of batteries will affect the service life. The best way is to run for 30 to 40 minutes every few days. In addition, the car is moving at any time, but it is not far away, which is also an important cause of car injuries. The parts on the car are most seriously worn during the engine start-up to the stable stage, and it takes about 20 minutes to make up the power consumed by starting the car battery once. This kind of car habit can easily make the car break down prematurely. [1] In fact, the air conditioning system mainly checks whether there is a lack of condensed water, whether the condenser surface is blocked, and whether the air conditioning filter is blocked. If the air conditioning system is not blocked because it is too dirty, then clean the air conditioning system and remove bacteria from the radiator. It is hot in summer, so it is a closed space to turn on the air conditioner frequently in the car. The hot and rainy summer is the season of bacteria and viruses, which will keep the air inside the car in an unhealthy state. Especially the newly bought new car, the poisonous gas contained in interior materials will make the air inside the car turbid, and these harmful substances will unconsciously cause headache, fatigue and other poisoning symptoms. For older cars, because the carbon monoxide produced by the engine will reduce the air quality in the compartment, and some car owners neglect the maintenance of the air-conditioning system, if the air-conditioning evaporator is not cleaned and cared for for for a long time, harmful substances will spread in the narrow space inside the car, resulting in poor air quality or even lack of oxygen, so the cleaning and testing of the air-conditioning system can not be ignored. The second part of car maintenance in summer: the tire pressure should be kept at a normal level. Car tires are equivalent to people's feet, so be sure to check the tire pressure when changing seasons. After entering the summer, the air pressure should be reduced appropriately, and the whole tire should be inspected to see if there are bulges and hidden injuries. If there are bulges and hidden injuries, replace them in time to prevent sudden puncture, and pay special attention to the front tires of the car. Once the tire is punctured, the car will lose its direction, which is very dangerous. In addition, China Auto Accessories Network reminds you that in summer, vehicles can be properly filled with nitrogen, because nitrogen is an inert gas, which can effectively prevent the vehicle from puncture when driving at high speed. Precautions for car maintenance in summer 3: The oil needs to be changed in time. In fact, in this hot summer, it is time to change the oil. If your vehicle is used frequently, you can change it to summer oil. If you just drive to work or run less for a few months, you can change the four seasons oil. In addition, pay attention to whether antifreeze is lacking. The temperature is higher in summer. If the vehicle lacks antifreeze, it will easily become too high. If your car has run for many kilometers, you should clean the appearance of the water tank to prevent the engine from overheating due to poor heat dissipation. [2] Edit this paragraph of car maintenance and save money.