What happened in the month of 1582 10?

0 1 1582 10 months is less 10 days, which is caused by the existence of leap years. It takes 365.2422 days for the earth to revolve around the sun once, and the length of a year is close to 365.25 days. Therefore, taking 365 days as the basic age and adding one more day every four years, a good approximation can be obtained. Julian calendar method has been used until16th century. The difference between the approximate length and the actual length of that year accumulated about 10 days. In order to eliminate this difference, Pope Gregory XIII designated the second day of julian calendar 1582 10/0/4 October as Gregorian calendar 10/0 15, and eliminated 10 days in the middle.

As we all know, the common way of dating in the world is the AD dating method. Its predecessor is the julian calendar implemented in Rome, and Julius is Julius Caesar. For a long time, Rome has been the center of western civilization, but there is no complete calendar. French scholar Voltaire once sarcastically said: The Romans won many battles, but they didn't know which day. ? After Caesar proclaimed himself emperor, he was determined to change this situation. In 46 BC, Caesar invited the Greek mathematician and astronomer Sotchini to Rome to sort out and compile the calendar. In the end, Caesar adopted Sotchini's suggestion and re-edited the calendar according to the Egyptian solar calendar, that is, julian calendar. In 45 BC 1 year 1 month1year, Caesar ordered the implementation of this calendar in Rome, which improved the previous chaotic situation. The first, second and third years of the calendar are all 365 days, and the fourth year is 366 days, which is a leap year. This cycle of 365, 365, 365, 366 is an integer every year. However, this kind of calendar also has problems.

Julian calendar is a calendar with the solar year as the basic unit. At that time, the calculated tropical year was 365.25 days, which was 365.2422 days more than the actual tropical year 1 1 min 14 seconds. This was not a problem at first, but the more errors accumulated, the greater the trouble. For example, in julian calendar's calendar, the earliest vernal equinox solar terms are set at about 2 1 every year, but hundreds of years later, the date of vernal equinox in julian calendar is getting earlier and earlier, which brings a lot of troubles to real life, because farmers have to cultivate their land according to the solar terms. In addition, this has also had a great impact on religious circles. Because the church should determine Easter according to the vernal equinox, in the long run, when is Jesus? Resurrection Yes, it has become a big problem. In the eyes of the congregation, this is very serious.

By 1582, with the progress of astronomical observation technology, people found that the vernal equinox had actually advanced to March 1 1, ten days earlier than the original March 2 1! What should I do? At that time, the most important person in Europe was the Pope, and the Pope was Gregory XIII. He felt that this situation could not last any longer, so he began to solve the problem. Gregory XIII ordered the establishment of a committee composed of astronomers and senior monks, mathematician Christopher? Kravis is the chairman.

Finally, after comparing various schemes, the Committee decided to adopt aloysius, an Italian doctor, astronomer, philosopher and timekeeper. Aloysius Lilius (about 15 19- 1576) has 365.2425 days a year, which is very close to the reality in the year of returning to China. However, there are still errors in this scheme, but the difference between the two is very small, and the error is less than one day every 3323 years, which has no impact on the lives of ordinary people. Soon after, the Pope began to implement this calendar, and the Gregorian calendar was later known? Gregorian calendar? .

Although the calendar has been basically determined, what about the difference of ten days? Kravis and others thought for a long time and didn't come up with a solution, so they simply made a suggestion to the Pope. Now it seems rather imprecise, that is, they simply erased ten days from the calendar! Specifically, let ordinary people1broadcast live on October 4th1582 10, and broadcast live directly10/0/0/0/5. After receiving this suggestion, the Pope was also surprised, but felt powerless. He had to put his heart on the line and issue a papal order to erase the date from 1582 and change it to 14! After this instruction was issued, despite the complaints of the people, everyone could only follow it. This mistake has finally disappeared for the time being.

In this way, with a stroke of a pen, the Pope mysteriously disappeared for ten days. However, Britain didn't buy it at first, and resolutely opposed to using its own separate calendar, which was different from other countries in continental Europe. The British persisted in this way 170 years. In the end, the British couldn't bear it. Through legislation, extra days have also been deleted.

Because the Gregorian calendar is concise, easy to remember and accurate, and it is very consistent with the weather, it is gradually adopted by governments all over the world. People call it a calendar? Gregory calendar? , that is, the calendar commonly used in the world today, referred to as Gregorian calendar or Gregorian calendar.

What happened to 1582 in history?

65438+ 10/5-Russia ceded Livonia and Estonia to Poland.

February 24th-Pope Gregory XIII promulgated a new calendar, the current international Gregorian calendar.

June 10-Portugal declares independence.

June 2 1 (June 2, 10th year of Tenzin)-? Changes in Honnoji Temple? Nobunaga (1534- 1582) was killed by his subordinate Akechi Mitsuhide at Beno Temple in Kyoto.

On July 9th, Wanli, Daming Huijizhang (1525- 1582) passed away.

August 7th-Matteo Ricci arrived at Macau Port and was allowed to enter China.

Thursday, October 4th, 65438/KLOC-0 (julian calendar)-Italy, Poland, Spain and Portugal set the next day as Friday, October 5th, 65438/KLOC-0.

Sunday, February 9th, 65438 (julian calendar)-The French set the next day as Monday, February 20th, 65438.