Which is better, electronic throttle or cable throttle?

We know that controlling the throttle opening can control the flow of combustible mixture and change the speed and power of the engine to meet the needs of automobile driving. The traditional engine throttle control mechanism works through a cable (soft steel wire) or a pull rod. One end of the cable is connected with the accelerator pedal, and the other end is connected with the accelerator linkage plate. However, the application of this traditional throttle valve is limited and lacks accuracy. With the rapid development of automotive electronic technology, Electronic Throttle (EGAS) came into being.

Traditional throttle valve

Compared with the traditional throttle, the obvious point of electronic throttle is that it can replace cable or pull rod with wire harness, install micro-motor on the throttle side, and drive the throttle opening with motor. The so-called "wire transmission" means replacing the original mechanical transmission mechanism with wire. But this is only the surface of the electronic throttle, and its essence and function are not enough to be analyzed only by connecting lines instead. Electronic throttle control system is mainly composed of accelerator pedal, pedal displacement sensor, ECU (electronic control unit), data bus, servo motor and throttle actuator. The displacement sensor is installed in the accelerator pedal to monitor the position of the accelerator pedal at any time. When it is detected that the height position of the accelerator pedal changes, the information will be sent to the ECU instantly. The ECU will calculate and process these information and data information from other systems to calculate a control signal, which will be sent to the servo motor relay through the line. The servo motor drives the accelerator actuator, and the data bus is responsible for the communication between the system ECU and other ECU.

Electronic throttle system

Because the electronic throttle system adjusts the throttle through ECU, various functions can be set to improve driving safety and comfort, among which ASR (traction control system) and speed control system (cruise control system) are the most common.

When the ASR system senses the wheel speed, the ECU calculates the slip rate according to the position of the accelerator pedal, the wheel speed and the steering angle of the steering wheel, and adjusts the mixture flow by reducing the throttle opening to reduce the engine power and achieve the control purpose.

In ASR system, electronic throttle plays a key role, which involves the functions of speed control and idle speed control in the whole ASR system, so that the system can execute instructions quickly and accurately. That is, when the electronic throttle system receives the instruction from ASR system, its instruction for throttle control only comes from ASR, which can avoid the driver's misoperation.

When the driver uses the speed control system, the speed sensor inputs a speed signal to the ECU, and then the ECU outputs an instruction to the servo motor to control the throttle opening. In such a system, the throttle opening of the engine is automatically adjusted by the control system according to the change of driving resistance to keep the driving speed stable. Therefore, the electronic throttle system can also be compatible with the cruise control function.

In the current EFI engine, electronic throttle not only improves the fuel saving and emission performance of the engine, but also controls the door of engine power adjustment. So the electronic throttle can play many roles. In addition to the above functions, it can further improve the fuel saving and emission performance of the engine, because it controls the door of engine power adjustment. So the electronic throttle can play many roles.