Write a Spring Festival custom in Zoucheng, Jining, Shandong Province

Sacrifice the stove to sweep the dust, paste the Spring Festival couplets, paste the word "Fu" on the New Year's Eve (reunion dinner) to worship the ancestors, send red envelopes (lucky money) to the poor to meet the god of wealth on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, and set off firecrackers for oranges to welcome the New Year 1.

2. When the New Year's Eve is near noon, put up couplets, and then prepare the New Year's Eve. Basically, at the beginning of the Spring Festival Gala, the dinner was almost finished. Accompanied by the Spring Festival Evening, everyone wrapped jiaozi to symbolize reunion, and then waited for Zhao Benshan's sketch and the New Year's bell; (Don't forget to send New Year greetings in groups)

3. When the first morning approaches 12 o'clock, prepare to hang a whip and light it at 12 o'clock, symbolizing the farewell of the old and the welcome of the new. The Spring Festival Gala is over, and I basically have to rest, so I have a good spirit to pay New Year greetings during the day. After getting up in the morning, the children put on new clothes and go to jiaozi to eat (jiaozi worships for a while before eating). After New Year's greetings, one person is usually left at home, then others go to their neighbors' homes to pay New Year's greetings, and then drive to their relatives and elders' homes. This is usually the homework of grade one.

The custom of sunshine on the second day of the second day is that the daughter-in-law goes back to her mother's house, that is, my uncle goes to her mother's house to pay New Year greetings.

Most of the time from the third day to the sixth day before the holiday is to visit relatives and friends and get together with classmates.

6. On the sixth day, if there are elderly people aged 66 or 80, the whole family will choose to get together and set off firecrackers on this day to celebrate. On the sixth night, I picked up the kitchen god, burned paper and set off firecrackers (on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, I sent him a gift, and God said yes, and the lower bound was safe).

On the fifteenth day of the first month of the Lantern Festival, we get up in the morning to eat Yuanxiao and eat jiaozi at night, which symbolizes reunion. In the evening, we usually go to see lanterns and set off fireworks.

The first day of the lunar new year

Strictly speaking, Spring Festival travel rush started at zero o'clock on the first day. Parents get up and hand out papers first, and put a fire whip before opening the door (it is said that they are afraid of touching God directly when opening the door), then they can speak. Others get up one after another. After getting up, women are busy cooking jiaozi, while men worship under the guidance of their parents. In the old days of Zhaoyuan, the order of worship was: first, worship heaven and earth, second, worship the heavenly queen, third, worship the kitchen god, fourth, worship the god of wealth, and fifth, worship the ancestor.

/P & gt；

Now we usually only worship the bodhi old zu.

[eating]

The first meal of the Spring Festival is jiaozi. When cooking jiaozi, set off firecrackers. In some places, in order to exorcise evil spirits and seek happiness, jiaozi is cooked with sesame stalks, which means that sesame blossoms are getting higher and higher in the New Year and the days are getting better and better. Jiaozi wants to cook more than enough, and steamed bread should be put in the pot after dinner, which is intended to be more than enough. Jiaozi cooked, first hold a bowl of respect for heaven and earth, and then hold a bowl of respect for the kitchen god. When eating, in addition to one bowl per person, one or two more bowls should be served, hoping that more people will prosper. Eating jiaozi is full of festive atmosphere: eating red dates means getting up early and trying to get rich in the new year; Eating chestnuts means that you can make great efforts and sweat in the new year; Eating peanuts can prolong life; If you eat money, you can get rich. No matter who eats one of them, everyone sincerely congratulates.

New Year greeting

The custom of greeting the New Year during the Spring Festival has a long history and is still enduring. First, the family pays New Year greetings. In a family, the younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders and the peers pay New Year greetings to each other. Then, worship is to pay a New Year call to the elders who have not taken the five clothes; Finally, I paid a long visit to Five Blessingg's elders, relatives and friends to pay New Year greetings.

In the past, I had to kowtow to pay a New Year call, but now I usually just say hello. Businessmen should not only say hello, but also congratulate each other on making a fortune. The younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders, and the elders should give them "lucky money". The new daughter-in-law pays New Year greetings to her in-laws, who give her a considerable "lucky money". Yuncheng and other places have the custom of "begging for a long time during the Spring Festival".

[auspicious words]

Saying auspicious words during the Spring Festival is one of the important characteristics of Shandong folk customs. Every year before, parents always took pains to warn their children not to be "possessed" when talking. Even if something goes wrong, say something auspicious. The two things that people in Jiaodong are most taboo are: First, you must never talk if you break something. You should clean it silently and throw it into the well quickly, even if you meet an acquaintance on the road, don't talk. It is said that this can eliminate disasters; Second, when cooking jiaozi on the morning of the first day, you have to cook a few pieces, but it can't be said to be broken, nor can it be said to be "in the pot", but rather "earned". Intended to make money and get rich. The merchant's house pays the most attention to this and is interested in dialogue. Did you ask? The answer is yes; He asked if he earned it, and replied that he did. So, good luck.

[livestock]

Chicken, duck, goose, etc. You can't release it in the morning of the first day in southwest Shandong. Some people circle for a day, at least half a day. It is said that cattle, horses, dogs, cats and other domestic animals are given preferential treatment for fear that they will pollute and disturb the taste of the Year (because firecrackers will make poultry fly around). On the morning of the first day, Jimo feeds chickens every other year. It is said that a chicken can lay an egg by eating a grain of rice. Give the dog all kinds of food. It is said that what dogs eat first is bound to have a bumper harvest.

[sent home to the church]

Laiwu and other places have the custom of sending their families home in the afternoon of the first day. People go to graves, burn paper, shoot guns, kowtow, send their ancestors back to their graves, and put their genealogy away when they go home. This is the end of the Spring Festival ancestor worship ceremony. However, some areas are the second day of school, and some areas are the third day, which is different from place to place.

[taboo]

There were many taboos on the first day, and the location was similar. In Junan, it is forbidden to push the mill (it was closed years ago, and it was only allowed to be used on the fifth day of the fifth year), to carry water, to sweep the floor, and to hit people and swear. Linyi should avoid sewing, wrapping jiaozi, eating meat and mashing garlic. Yiyuan Garden doesn't light on the first night. It is said that if you light a lamp, rats will be overrun.

The second day of the first lunar month.

Jiaodong sends New Year greetings after the second day of the first lunar month. Offerings, burning incense and paper, and setting off firecrackers are required during the New Year. Some people set up sacrificial platforms in the street and set off firecrackers one after another, which was very lively. In some areas, New Year greetings are issued on the afternoon of the third day.

Linqing has the custom of offering sacrifices to the god of wealth on the second day. Merchants have memorial tablets of the God of Wealth at home, and there are "Qianlong" and "jujube hill" on the table. People burn incense and kowtow when offering sacrifices. Neighbors will also bring incense paper to merchants' homes to offer sacrifices to the God of Wealth to congratulate them on their prosperous business, and the host will also treat them with wine and vegetables to express their gratitude.

Visiting relatives is an important activity in the Spring Festival. In eastern Jiaodong and Laiwu, I visited my father-in-law's house on the second day. Unmarried young men and women can visit their grandparents instead of their parents. Jimo pays New Year greetings to his parents-in-law on the third or fourth day, but he can't go to the fifth day. As the saying goes, "worship four, not five, and worship five to death." The order of Lacey's relatives is "seeing her aunt first, then her uncle, and her parents-in-law later".

The parents-in-law family should be very enthusiastic about their children, especially their newly-married children. In addition to chicken, fish, meat and eggs, banquets in Laiwu and other places generally have "four tops and four", namely, four fruit plates, four fried plates, four small bowls, four large bowls and four large plates. Accompanying guests should take turns toasting the children.

Jiaodong's new wife will visit her husband's grandparents' home in the first year, which is called "Rooting". It is said that when you get to your grandparents' house, you can take root, and there will be no divorce and early widowhood. When they take root, grandpa, uncle, menstruation, etc. Will give the new wife lucky money. Newly-married couples in southwest Shandong usually string relatives on two days, indicating that they are in pairs and are lucky.

In the old society, Linqing generally did not visit relatives before the fifteenth day of the first month. As the saying goes, "seven times don't walk, eight times don't move." After walking nine times, my mother-in-law died. " On the seventh day, the eighth day and the ninth day, you can't string relatives, and on the tenth day, it will be fine. Turn means that after ten to fifteen days, you can't string relatives. After fifteen, you can only visit relatives.

The fifth day of the first month

On the fifth day of the first month, some places in Shandong Province were called "Five Horses Festival". The good or bad luck of mules and horses in those days was accounted for by the rain or shine on this day, saying that Wan Li was clear and mules and horses flourished.

This day is also called "Breaking Five". In some areas, women are not allowed to go out to visit relatives, sew with knives and rulers, and cook uncooked rice, noodles and lettuce before the fifth day of the fifth year. After this day, they are no longer taboo. In the "Breaking Five" in Linqing area, a ceremony was held to send family members to church. Yinan also withdrew from the family hall on this day, and some even ate fried cakes and swept up the yard. It is said that no ants were recruited when sweeping the yard this day.

On this day, women in Linyi and other places do not go out, comb their hair or move their needles. It is said that moving the needle will attract scorpions and dragonflies.

On this day, we usually eat jiaozi at noon, and we can also eat noodles. There is a saying that "eat noodles on the fifth day, and hit a stone per acre."

In the old society, there was a custom of sending the poor on the fifth day, or "sending the poor daughter-in-law". Chiping called it "five poverty", so it was called "driving out five poverty" to avoid New Year's greetings. In Shan County, the god of plague was sent on this day. In order to eliminate the patients, every family went to the village head or intersection to see off the plague god. Burn incense and paper early in the morning, pray for the god of plague to fly away and let the family be safe and healthy.

Many businessmen call the fifth day the birthday of the God of Wealth, and Huangxian and other places are also called "Road Head Day", which is the day when the market opens. People set off firecrackers, offer sacrifices to the god of wealth and eat jiaozi, a symbol of gold ingot, hoping that business will be prosperous and financial resources will be plentiful. This day, like the first day, deliberately broke several jiaozi. The shopkeeper asked loudly outside the kitchen, "Dude, did you earn the ingot?" The man replied loudly: "earned!" " This is a good luck. On this day, words such as "compensation" and "parting" are most taboo. When eating garlic, garlic cloves are not allowed, and garlic paste should be called "Yihe dish" to avoid taboos.

The seventh day of the first month

On the seventh day of the first month, it was called "Man wins the Festival" in the Tang Dynasty. It is said that people are prosperous and healthy. Huangxian, Zhaoyuan and other places are divided into "villain seven", "adult seven" and "old seven" according to the seventh, seventeenth and twenty-seventh days. Eating noodles at noon wishes people health and longevity.

In some places, there will be activities of offering sacrifices to God on people's days. On this day, Yinan pushed the mill and gave it to the god of heaven and earth. Zouxian offered a candle club to Zhu Rong, the god of fire, and called it "escort". Shan county and Yuncheng send Vulcan on this day.

On People's Day, women are forbidden to sew in Linqing and Jinan. It is said: "people sew every day, only to prick grandma's eyes." Eating jiaozi in Shan County in the morning is called "squeezing the mouse's mouth". It is said that rats can't be lit at night to avoid harming the people.

The eighth day of the first month

The eighth day of the first month is Valley Day. Lunan area also calls this day "Zhuanba", or Zhuanba for short. On this day, every household in Yishui eats noodles, which means "one acre and three points turn to hit the stone" and wishes a bumper harvest in the new year. Yinan, on the other hand, is the opposite. On the eighth day, it is forbidden to rotate, and all tools that can rotate, such as spinning wheels and grinding, stop rotating on this day. Boxing and other places are full of apologies for the sunny days in the valley. Some places say it will be sunny on the 8th, which is suitable for the valley.

The tenth day of the first month

On the tenth day of the first month, the legend is the birthday of stone. On this day, stones are not allowed to be moved, nor are they allowed to be moved, such as grinding, grinding, mortar, cloth stones and other stone objects that may hurt crops in that year.

On this day, some people in Changwei area will burn incense and paper to worship the stone god. Juancheng has the custom of lifting stone gods. Yuncheng has a similar custom. Zouxian and other places are preserved for ten days, which is called "Fu Na".

The fifteenth day of the first month

The fifteenth day of the first month is the Lantern Festival, also known as the Lantern Festival.

According to folklore, Lantern Festival lanterns are auspicious lanterns, which can drive away evil spirits and eliminate all diseases. So people often look at each other's faces with lights, and also look at every corner inside and outside the house.

There are many kinds of lanterns in Shandong, each with its own characteristics. Face lamps and radish lamps have a strong peasant flavor, while colored lamps have more prominent urban characteristics. In the old days, Jiaodong, Luzhong and Southwest Shandong made zodiac lanterns with bean flour and corn flour, which were meticulous in workmanship and lifelike in image. The moral of lanterns in the zodiac is to eliminate diseases and make people prosperous. In addition, there is a moon lamp representing twelve months. The moral of the moonlight lamp is to pray for a bumper harvest of crops, fruits and vegetables this month. Face lamps are generally placed on the bedside, windowsill, door anvil and table.

Radish lanterns in Tengzhou area are very unique. In the past, Lantern Festival was held in Texas. There are many kinds of colorful lanterns here, including coherent lanterns, scattered lanterns of various shapes, dignified and gorgeous archway lamps and unpredictable box lamps. There is a special exquisite colored lantern in Cao county, which is called snowflake lantern. It is said that it takes several years for a skilled craftsman to make it.

Boxing township has the custom of lighting lanterns on the Lantern Festival. The boy walked around the jujube tree six times with a lamp, and at the same time read the formula "Du Lao Du Lao, flowers and dates" six times (it is said that Du Lao is the old man in charge of jujube trees). It is said that taking photos of jujube trees will have a bumper harvest.

The Jade Emperor Temple in Feixian County will hold a "driving ceremony" on the Lantern Festival. Tengzhou's Lantern Festival is even more fascinating. The girls in Juancheng make flower trees and flower girls at the Lantern Festival, hoping for a bumper harvest of cotton.

In some places, women have a taboo that "watching the lanterns at home will kill the elderly", and in some places, new wives must go back to their homes to hide from the lanterns. [Sacrifice the stove] [Sweep the dust] [Eat stove candy]

In China, the Spring Festival usually begins with a ceremony of offering sacrifices to stoves on the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month. There is a saying that "officials, three people, four boatmen and five people", that is, the government held a ceremony to sacrifice stoves on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, ordinary people on the 24th and houseboats on the 25th. After holding the sacrificial stove, they officially began to prepare for the New Year. Every year from the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month to New Year's Eve, people call it "Spring Festival".

【 Pick up the Jade Emperor 】【 Drive away the chaos 】【 Look after the silkworms in the field 】【 Thousand Lantern Festival 】

It was not until New Year's Eve that Kitchen God was sent to welcome him back. During this period, there is no God's jurisdiction on the earth, and at all times, many people get married, which is called "expelling chaos". Luannian is a special period designed by people to adjust their social life. At the end of the year, people have leisure and savings, which is a good opportunity for those who have little energy to do great things.

[taking a bath]

In traditional folk customs, we should concentrate on bathing and washing clothes these two days to get rid of the bad luck of the year and prepare for the Spring Festival next year. There is a saying in Beijing that "twenty-seven washes away the root of the disease, and twenty-eight washes away the mess." Taking a bath on the 26th of the twelfth lunar month is "washing Fulu".

[New Year's Eve] [New Year's Eve]

The day before New Year's Eve is called "New Year's Eve", and people call it "Don't be old" when greeting each other. Burning incense outdoors is called "Tianxiang", which usually takes three days.

[Posting doors] [Posting Spring Festival couplets] [Keeping the Year] [Eating New Year's Eve]

[Setting off firecrackers] [Sacrificing ancestors] [Giving lucky money]

The word "except" in "New Year's Eve" is "go; Easy; "Alternating" means that New Year's Eve means "the month is poor and the old year is exhausted". People want to get rid of the old department and the old year, and the coming year means getting a new year. This is the last night of the Lunar New Year. Therefore, the activities during this period are all around changing the old for the new, eliminating disasters and praying for blessings.

[Happy New Year] [Open the door and set off firecrackers]

【 Age 】【 Stick a picture of chicken 】【 Gather wealth 】

This day is the first day of the year, the first day of spring and the first day of the first month, so it is called "Sanyuan". This day is still the year dynasty, the month dynasty and the Japanese dynasty, so it is also called the "Three Dynasties". China changed the time of the first day of the first month in different historical periods according to its own cultural traditions and customs.

[Sacrificing to the God of Wealth] [Legend of the God of Wealth]

In the north, the god of wealth sacrifices on the second day of the first month. On this day, both commercial shops and ordinary families will hold activities to worship the god of wealth. Families offered sacrifices to the God of Wealth who arrived on New Year's Eve. In fact, the bought rough printed matter was incinerated. I want to eat wonton at noon this day, commonly known as "Yuanbao soup". Fish and mutton were used as sacrifices.

[Burning doorman's paper] [Xiaomi's birthday] [off-year dynasty]

Off-year, that is, Tianqing Festival. The court festival in the Song Dynasty, the first year of Song Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu, was spread all over the world because of the gobbledygook, so Zhenzong issued an imperial edict, which designated the third day of the first month as Tianqing Festival, and officials and others had five days off. Later, it was called Xiaonian Dynasty, which did not sweep the floor, beg for fire or draw water, just like the old dynasty.

[Sacrifice to the God of Wealth] [Road God] [Send the poor] [Open the market]

The fifth day of the first month is commonly known as the fifth day. It is said that after this day, many taboos can be broken. According to the old custom, you should eat "dumplings", which is called "boiled cakes" in the north. Women no longer taboo, began to visit each other New Year. The bride will go home on this day. It is not appropriate to do things on the day of the break, otherwise something will happen this year.

[People's Day] [Spread pancakes] [Eat Qibao soup]

Legend has it that the mother snail first created the world, and after she created chickens, dogs, pigs, cows, horses and other animals, she created people on the seventh day, so this day is the birthday of mankind. Some people began to observe daily customs in the Han dynasty, and they began to pay attention to it after the Wei and Jin Dynasties. In ancient times, there was a custom of wearing "Man wins". Because it is Human Day, there is a custom in ancient times not to execute people on this day.

[ancient] [anterograde]

On the eighth day of the first month, people make small lanterns and burn them for sacrifice, which is called Shunxing, also called "offering sacrifices to stars" and "receiving stars". Some people say that the eighth day is Xiaomi's birthday. If the weather is fine, the rice harvest will be good. If it is cloudy, it will be a hard year.

[Birthday of Stone] [Congratulations to the mouse for marrying a daughter] [New Year's Day song]

In the old society, people's rat worship activities held in the first month were also called "rat marrying female" and "rat marrying". The specific dates vary from place to place, including the seventh day of the first month, the seventeenth day of the first month and the twenty-fifth day of the first month. In many areas, it is the tenth day of the first month. Different places also have different ways to worship rats.

[Lantern Festival] [Send children lanterns] [Yingzi Valley]

【 Walking all diseases 】【 Stealing vegetables festival 】【 August 5th festival 】

Lantern Festival is also called Lantern Festival, Lantern Festival and Shangyuan Festival, because it is the first full moon night of the New Year. Because this festival has the custom of watching lanterns in past dynasties, it is also called Lantern Festival. The formation of Lantern Festival custom has a long process. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sacrificed "Taiyi" in Ganquan Palace in the first month, which was regarded by later generations as the prelude to offering sacrifices to the gods on the fifteenth day of the first month.

"Spring in the Eastern Suburb", "Spring Post", "Spring Cattle" and "Bite Spring"

Beginning of spring Spring Festival is an important activity of China ancestors during the Spring Festival. During the Zhou Dynasty, beginning of spring was the emperor. He personally led princes and doctors from three counties and nine counties to the eastern suburbs to welcome the Spring Festival and pray for a bumper harvest. When you come back, you should reward the minister, Bud and benefit the people. Make it a national Spring Festival activity for generations.