What is the summer solstice solar term, and what is the origin of the summer solstice solar term?

The meaning of summer solstice solar terms: the position where the sun shines directly on the ground reaches the northernmost part of the year.

The meaning of the summer solstice solar term: the longest day of the year.

Summer solstice is one of the earliest solar terms among the 24 solar terms. Every year on June 2 1 or 22 of Gregorian calendar, when the sun reaches 90 degrees of the yellow meridian, it is the summer solstice. "Solstice" means "extreme", and the summer solstice is also called "long days". After the summer solstice, the direct point of the sun gradually moves southward, and the days in the northern hemisphere will be shorter and the nights will be longer.

Zhao Zhi Heng, an expert in astronomy education in China and director of the Tianjin Astronomical Society, said that on the day of summer solstice, the whole northern hemisphere ushered in the longest day. The longest day in China is Mohe, which is nearly 17 hours. The shortest is Zengmu shoal, with the daily length exceeding 12 hour. There is a gap of nearly five hours between the north and the south of China.

The origin of summer solstice solar terms

Summer solstice was also called "Summer Festival" and "Summer solstice Festival" in ancient times. In the ancient summer solstice, people prayed for disaster and prosperity by offering sacrifices to God. "Zhou Li Chun Guan" contains: "With the arrival of summer, go to local things." Sacrificing to God in the summer solstice of the Zhou Dynasty means eliminating plague, famine and starvation. Historical Records records: "On the solstice of summer, people worship the land with music and dance." As an ancient festival, the summer solstice began in the Song Dynasty, and officials have a three-day holiday. In Liao Dynasty, the solstice in summer was called "Tide Festival", and women entered colorful fans and displayed their heritage with powder and fat capsules.

In the 7th century BC, the shadow of the sun was measured by civil soil gauge, thus the summer solstice was determined. The annual summer solstice begins on June 2nd1day (or 22nd) and ends on July 7th (or 8th). According to "Zunxian Manuscript", "The sun arrives in the north, the days are long and the shadows are short, so it is called the summer solstice. Do your best.