Science: the structure and function of the ear

The ear structure can be divided into three parts: outer ear, middle ear and inner ear. In the process of sound transmission from the natural environment to the human brain, three parts of the human ear have different physiological functions:

1, the external ear refers to the ear parts that can be seen from the outside of the human body, namely the auricle and the external auditory canal. ?

2. The middle ear consists of tympanic membrane, middle ear cavity and ossicular chain. The inner ear is located in the petrous part of the temporal bone, including semicircular canal, vestibule and cochlea. The semicircular canal can sense movements in all directions and play a role in regulating body balance.

3. Cochlea is a snail-like structure surrounded by skull. The cochlea is filled with fluid and separated by basement membrane. Above the basement membrane is a spiral device, which is a structure for collecting nerve electrical impulses. The cross section of cochlea shows the structure of spiral organ.

Extended data:

The three ossicles in the ear (malleus, incus and stapes) are the smallest bones in the human body. They are end to end, not as big as coins. Although the space inside the ear is very small, there are 20 thousand fine hairs. The width of the eardrum is less than 1.78 cm, but the vibration amplitude is less than 2.54 cm when listening to sound.

Ears have self-cleaning function. The pores in the ear canal will produce earwax (commonly known as earwax), while the cilia in the ear will push the earwax out of the ear canal. Experts remind that it is best to protect the ear canal when spraying gel, otherwise it will easily affect the natural shedding of earwax and lead to earache.

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