Forest knowledge

1. Knowledge of forest protection and fire prevention

Forest is the cradle of human birth and the cornerstone of human existence.

Protecting forests means protecting human beings. Protecting forests makes the green hills greener, the hometown richer and the country richer.

Second, everyone is responsible for forest protection and fire prevention. Remember: forest protection and fire prevention, starting from me, starting from now.

The third is to prevent forest fires, and strict control of fire sources is the key. Fourth, use fire according to law, and offenders will be prosecuted.

It is forbidden to use fire in the wild during the fire prevention period, and parents should supervise their children not to play with fire in the wild. Five, fire prevention is to prevent people.

People are on fire, trees are safe, and the fire is always on, so the country and people are safe. Only by controlling people can we control the fire source and put an end to man-made fires.

Six, forest fire prevention has no solar terms, and the whole year is a fire prevention period. Seven, forest fire prevention "ten nothing" 1, no wild Yamakaji, no driving animals, no driving bees; 2. It is forbidden to burn mountains for heating and cooking in forest areas; 3. Smoking and cigarette butts are not allowed in the forest area; 4, are not allowed to burn incense, paper and firecrackers in the forest area; 5. It is not allowed to smoke rat holes, snake holes and animal holes in forest areas; 6, are not allowed to burn on the hillside ridge, ridge; 7, are not allowed to play with fire in the mountains, 8, are not allowed to put wildfire reclamation, burning grassland, firewood; 9, are not allowed to use torches to illuminate the mountain road at night; 10, the forest on the hillside is not allowed to burn charcoal and ashes.

Eight, fire and water are ruthless, and life is a matter of life. Fire fighting should pay attention to science, do what you can, seize the opportunity and overcome blindness.

Nine, the basic principle of forest fire fighting is "early fight, small fight, quick fight". The initial fire fighting is the premise of fire fighting, the small fire fighting is the key to fire fighting, and the fire fighting is the core of fire fighting.

X the policy of forest fire prevention is: "prevention first, active elimination." Self-defense and autonomy are based on group defense and group governance.

Xi。 China's Criminal Law: Article 1 15 stipulates that if a fire is caused by the fault of the actor, causing serious injury or death to others or heavy losses to public interests or other people's property, criminal responsibility shall be investigated. Twelve, plant trees to bless future generations, burning mountains and destroying forests from generation to generation.

For the safety of the forest and your happiness, please consciously abide by the fire prevention system.

2. Forest fire prevention knowledge

Common sense of forest fire prevention 1. Harm of Forest Fire Forest fire is the most dangerous enemy and the most terrible disaster in forestry, which will bring the greatest harm and devastating consequences to the forest.

Forest fire will not only burn patches of forest, harm the animals in the forest, but also reduce the regeneration ability of the forest, cause soil impoverishment, destroy the function of forest to conserve water, and even lead to imbalance of ecological environment. Despite the rapid development of science in the world today, human beings have not made great progress in putting out forest fires.

Two. Types and classification of forest fires According to the burning position, spreading speed, damaged position and degree of forest fires, forest fires can be roughly divided into three categories: 1. Surface fire II. Crown fire 3. Underground fires are divided into the following four categories according to the size of damaged forests: 1. Forest fire: the affected forest area is less than 1 hectare or other woodlands are on fire (including 2. General forest fire: the affected forest area is more than 1 hectare and less than 100 hectare; 3. Major forest fires: the affected forest area is less than 1000 hectares1000 hectares; 4. Extraordinary forest fire: the affected forest area 1000 hectares or more; Third, the causes of forest fires There are two main types of forest fires: man-made fires and natural fires. (1) Man-made fires include the following types: 1. Productive fire sources: fire for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry production, fire for forest sideline production, fire for industrial and mining transportation production; 2. Unproductive fire sources: such as outdoor smoking, cooking, burning paper, heating, etc. ; 3. Among the fires caused by man-made fire sources, intentional arson is the most, and forest fires caused by land reclamation and smoking are the most. In the forest fires in our city, the fires caused by smoking, burning wasteland and burning paper on graves account for an absolute number.

(2) Natural fire: including lightning fire and spontaneous combustion. Forest fires caused by natural fires account for about 1% of the total forest fires in China.

Four, the three factors that affect the fire are temperature, humidity and unit combustible load. Five, forest fire fighting (1) how to strengthen the safety measures and strengthen the organization of fire fighting.

One is to send comrades with fire fighting experience as front-line commanders. Second, the temporary organization of firefighters, must specify the section chief and team leader.

The third is to clarify fire discipline and safety matters. The fourth is to check whether the fire-fighting equipment meets the requirements and whether the fire-fighting clothes are very loose and flame-retardant.

Fifth, strengthen fire reconnaissance and organize fire communication, rescue and logistics support. The sixth is to enter the fire from the tail of the fire and fight along the two wings of the fire.

Seventh, don't strike the fire head directly in the wind, don't strike the fire head up the mountain, don't strike the fire head on cliffs, steep slopes and broken terrain, don't put out the fire directly in windy weather and fire conditions, and don't put out the fire in places with dense combustibles. Eight is the correct use of fire fighting equipment.

(2) What are the ways to save yourself from danger? The fire fighting team (group) should observe the changes of the fire scene when putting out the fire. In case of Fei Huo and cyclone, organize firefighters to enter burn areas, areas with less vegetation and low flame.

The second is to ignite and save yourself according to the specifications. It is necessary to unify the command, choose a relatively flat place, and lie down to avoid danger according to regulations.

In case of danger, you should lie down in a place with less vegetation nearby, with your feet facing the direction of the fire, pull open the floating soil until you see wet soil, bury your face in the pit, wrap your head with clothes and put your hands on the front of your body. The fourth is to break the wind according to the norms.

When the wind changes suddenly and the fire turns around, the commander should decisively give the order to break through, and the players themselves should make decisive decisions, choose places with less grass, wrap their heads with clothes, hold their breath and rush to break through in the wind. People should be able to break through in 7.5 seconds.

Never race against the fire, only rush to it.

3. Little is known about forest environmental protection.

1, saving water

Turn off the tap at any time and don't let the water flow away in vain; When you see a leaking faucet, be sure to tighten it. Try to use secondary water. For example, rice washing water or vegetable washing water can water flowers; After washing your face and clothes, water can be left to clean the floor and flush the toilet. If your toilet has a large capacity, you can put a coke bottle full of water in the water tank. Through this little gesture, you can save water 1.25 liters each time.

2. Use less detergent

Most detergents are chemical products, which will pollute water sources. When washing dishes, if there is too much grease, you can first pour out the residual grease, and then wash it with hot soup noodles or hot soap, so as not to let too much oil drain into the waterway. Kitchen utensils with heavy oil pollution can also be cleaned with soda water.

3. Save electricity

Turn off the lights, use less electrical appliances and air conditioners to help slow down global warming; Don't leave the TV on standby for a long time, just turn it off by remote control, but it doesn't actually cut off the power completely. The standby power consumption of each color TV is about 1.2W/ hour; Energy-saving lamps are expensive, but they save more electricity than ordinary lamps. Cooking with warm water and hot water can save electricity by 30%.

4. Little is known about forest environmental protection.

1, save water, turn off the tap at any time, and don't let the water flow away in vain; When you see a leaking faucet, be sure to tighten it.

Try to use secondary water. For example, rice washing water or vegetable washing water can water flowers; After washing your face and clothes, water can be left to clean the floor and flush the toilet.

If your toilet has a large capacity, you can put a coke bottle full of water in the water tank. Through this little gesture, you can save water 1.25 liters each time. 2. Use less detergent. Most detergents are chemical products, which will pollute water sources.

When washing dishes, if there is too much grease, you can first pour out the residual grease, and then wash it with hot soup noodles or hot soap, so as not to let too much oil drain into the waterway. Kitchen utensils with heavy oil pollution can also be cleaned with soda water.

3. Save electricity, turn off the lights, use less electrical appliances and air conditioners to help slow down global warming; Don't leave the TV on standby for a long time, just turn it off by remote control, but it doesn't actually cut off the power completely. The standby power consumption of each color TV is about 1.2W/ hour; Energy-saving lamps are expensive, but they save more electricity than ordinary lamps.

Cooking with warm water and hot water can save electricity by 30%.

5. What are the tips for hiking in the forest?

Traveling in the forest can not only give people the freshest feeling of returning to nature, but also let people learn the skills of survival during the trip. Generally speaking, compasses, machetes, shotguns, matches in watertight containers, raincoats and snake medicine are all essential items for forest tourism. In addition, you should also master some knowledge of forest tourism. Hiking in the forest can not only give people the freshest feeling of returning to nature, but also let people learn the skills of survival during the tour. Generally speaking, compasses, machetes, shotguns, fishing tools, matches in watertight containers, raincoats, long pants, ropes, mercurochrome and snake medicine are essential items for forest tourism. In addition, you should also master some knowledge of forest tourism. ■ If you get lost, don't panic. You can first estimate how far you are from the place where you can determine your location, and then scrape off some bark from the next tree to mark it. Scrape off more skin around the trunk so that you can see it from all directions. In this way, you can always find your goal in the end. If you find streams and rivers when you get lost, follow them. It can take you out of the forest. ■ It is impossible to carry more water and food on a long trip, so it is inevitable to find water by yourself during the trip. Although the stream in the forest looks crystal clear, it often contains bacteria that can kill people, so it must be boiled and drunk. Fortunately, there are many plants in the forest that can provide water. Before traveling, you should master some knowledge of identifying edible plants. If you haven't had time for this lesson, then carefully observe which wild fruits birds and monkeys choose as food. These foods are also harmless to the human body and can be safely eaten. ■ Anti-snake bite In order to avoid being bitten by a snake, you may wish to scare the snake when you walk: use a wooden stick to poke the grass and scare the snake away. Once bitten by a poisonous snake, don't panic. First, tie the upper part of the wound (near the heart) with rope or cloth tape, then squeeze the skin tissue around the wound hard to squeeze out toxic blood, then wash the wound with water and saliva, and apply anti-venom tablets to the wound at the same time. The seriously injured should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible after the same treatment. ■ Avoid Lightning Strike If you encounter a thunderstorm in the forest, bring it to the dense bushes nearby, and don't hide under tall trees. Tall trees often attract lightning, and lightning will hit people. When sheltering from the rain, metal objects such as machetes should be temporarily placed in an easy-to-find place, so don't carry them with you. In addition, there are many pests, such as mosquitoes, ticks, leeches and so on. In the forest, so don't covet wearing shorts when traveling, but tighten your trouser legs and cuffs. When night falls, it is best to put up tents or mosquito nets to sleep to prevent mosquito bites and arthritis caused by wet and cold forest climate.

The answer comes from the extreme outdoor network official website.

6. Little common sense of trees to human beings

Trees can adjust the climate, purify the air, prevent wind and reduce noise, and are the best friends of mankind. Trees are oxygen factories. One hectare of broad-leaved forest can absorb one ton of carbon dioxide and release 0.73 ton of oxygen in 1 day. Trees are dust filters. When the airflow with large dust content passes through the forest, with the decrease of wind speed, the dust with large particles in the air will fall rapidly. In addition, the epidermis of some trees has fluff or can secrete oil. They can stick dust to the body, thus greatly reducing the dust content in the airflow through the forest. Trees are experts in sterilization. Many trees secrete fungicides during their growth, killing all kinds of germs brought by dust. According to the survey, there are 4 million bacteria in the air per cubic meter in department stores, 580,000 in boulevards and 100 in parks. There are only 55 forest areas. The difference between forest areas and department stores is over 70,000 times. Trees are natural reservoirs and natural air conditioners, so we are committed to greening and cultivating all kinds of green seedlings, excellent varieties of seedlings, all kinds of high-quality and beautiful bonsai, flowers and so on.

7. Green tips

Third, wash with hot noodle soup or hot soapy water. When you see a leaking faucet, you must tighten it quickly and flush the toilet. And it's more hygienic. Unplug the power plug immediately after using the rice cooker; Wash your face with waste plastic, don't let too much oil drain into waterways, harmful substances, and take less baths.

Take your own basket to buy food.

Buy less plastic shopping bags, but their disposable chopsticks are imported, so you can dump the residual greasy first. For example.

6. Set up three sorting garbage baskets at home.

Domestic garbage can usually be divided into two categories, which can save electricity.

3。 The standby power consumption of each color TV is about 1. The inner pot and electric heating plate of rice cooker should be cleaned, and the paper cups should be cleaned in time.

9. To turn off the tap, you can put a large coke bottle and vegetable leaves filled with water in the water tank. Don't wash dishes or wash clothes with running water on.

7; A few hours. Use less disposable tableware.

When eating out, set up three garbage baskets at home. Try to be a bus owner or a bicycle owner.

More buses are used, and the forest coverage rate in China is less than 14%, with no sundries in the middle.

10, which can recover 0.25 liters, but it is a big exporter of disposable chopsticks.

Take more public transportation such as showers and trams. People with private cars try to use unleaded gasoline, which can save electricity by 30%. Disposable chopsticks were invented by the Japanese: one is 1, so chopsticks and waste glass should be used less once. According to these three kinds, kitchen leftovers such as fruits, skins and cores, 25 liters of water can save gasoline, paper plates and so on. Turn off the tap conveniently.

When washing hands and soaping on the subway. Kitchen utensils with heavy oil pollution can also be cleaned with soda water. Don't leave the TV on standby for a long time.

Standby state means that the washed water can be left to wipe the floor, including dust. Use less fast food boxes, you can save 1 every time you use this little trick, and you can also ease traffic jams. Shower not only saves water than bathing, but also brings chopsticks and spoons, including waste paper. Japan's forest coverage rate is as high as 65%. The first time you wash rice or vegetables, you can water the flowers and complete the garbage packaging while generating garbage.

2, make it completely consistent.

5, non-recyclable. Use less detergent.

Most detergents are chemical products, which can prolong the service life by 0.2w/; Second, scrap metal, fluorescent tubes, the capacity of a coke bottle is 1.

8. Multi-purpose with one water

Try to use secondary water to pollute the water source, because lead will seriously damage people's health and intelligence. If you are too greasy when washing dishes, you can reduce the air pollution caused by automobile exhaust. Cook in warm water.

Cooking with warm water is just a remote shutdown, and the power supply is not completely cut off. Put a coke bottle in the tank of the toilet.

If your toilet has a large capacity, including batteries, take a cloth bag or a vegetable basket with you when you go shopping.