Pumpkin harvest solar terms

@ Pumpkin usually ripens from July to September.

First, early-maturing varieties

1, small millstone: the vine is about 2 meters long, and the main vine begins to bear the first melon at 8- 10. Melon-shaped oblate, like a millstone, single fruit weighs 2-3 kg. The skin of melon is dark green when it is green, reddish brown and yellow when it is old. The fruit surface has ten longitudinal edges, and the flesh is sweet and of good quality. It is an early-maturing variety.

2. Ye Er III: The first female flower begins to grow in the 2nd-5th section of the main vine. After that, a female flower will be regenerated every 1-2 knots, which belongs to an extremely early-maturing variety. Its leaf shape is small, the fruit is cylindrical, the fruit surface has white and green stripes, and the single fruit weighs about 3-5 kg.

Second, middle and late maturing varieties.

1. big millstone: the vine is about 3 meters long, and the main vine 12 ~ 15 begins to grow the first female flower. Melon shape is similar to a small millstone, but the fruit is larger, and the weight of a single fruit is about 7- 10 kg, and the quality is better.

2. Camel neck: the fruit is large, long and cylindrical, with thick top and 10 light stripes on the fruit surface. The color of fruit surface is dark green when tender, reddish brown when ripe, and the quality is sweet.

@ 京京京京? -? Mature in summer and autumn

1. When planting wax gourd, sandy loam or clay loam with convenient drainage, deep soil layer and fertile soil should be selected as the field where melon crops have not been planted for more than three years, and it is best to use it as rice. ?

2. Sow wax gourd in Guangzhou at the right time. Cultivation is divided into two seasons: spring planting and autumn planting. Spring sowing is more common, usually sowing in1-February. Under the premise of taking cold protection measures, sowing early is better than sowing late, so sowing in the middle and early days of June 5438+1October in recent years can prolong the growth period, especially the vegetative growth period, so that wax gourd can bear fruit when the air humidity is high and the temperature is above 20℃ before and after the rainy season. Winter melon planted in autumn is usually sown around the light summer (mid-July). ?

3. Cultivate healthy seedlings (1) and cultivate disease-free healthy seedlings. Seeds must be sterilized and germinated: soak the seeds in 500 times of 50% carbendazim 1 hour, then wash them with clean water, then soak them in warm water at 0℃ for 3 hours, wrap them in clean gauze or thin towel after washing them with clean water without odor, and germinate at 30℃ until the seeds germinate. ?

(2) Nutrition cups (bags) are often used to cultivate healthy seedlings without diseases: nutrition cups (bags) with the diameter of 10cm× 10cm are used to raise seedlings in a small arch shed or greenhouse after planting. ? When raising seedlings, besides keeping the seedbed moist, you can also spray Prick aqueous solution and abamectin to prevent damping-off and potential pests and diseases of leaves. When the temperature in the shed exceeds 30℃, it should be ventilated and cooled in time. Winter melon planted in autumn is mostly planted by soaking seeds to accelerate germination and then sowing directly in the field. ? 4. Using nutrition cup (bag) to plant wax gourd can keep warm, and the seedling stage can be longer, and the seedlings only need to plant 3-5 real leaves. The planting time depends on the temperature, and Guangzhou can be planted from the end of February to the beginning of March. After ploughing, raise the ridge according to 1.7m (including the ridge), with a height of 0.5m and a width of 1.2m, and apply 50-75kg of phosphate fertilizer to the whole layer of the ridge per mu. Before planting, apply 1: 100 times carbendazim mixed soil to prevent disease, and plant it in a single row with a spacing of 0.65 meters and about 600 plants per mu. ? 5. Scaffolding, pruning vines, melon racks and pruning vines are important links in wax gourd cultivation. Scaffolding generally adopts three-star drum-shaped dragon roots. When the melon vines grow to 60 cm, let the main vines stick to the ground around the drum stand, and combine with the pressing vines to fix the growth direction. When the vines grow to 18 knots, they can be put on the shelves, and all the vines on the front and back sides of the fruit are removed. After the melon leaves, the main vine keeps 10- 12 leaves topping. The node position of wax gourd has a certain relationship with the fruit size. The node position of wax gourd should be between 23 and 25 nodes, of which 25-30 nodes are the largest. In order to go public early, you can also leave melons on 19-20, but the yield is low. In order to improve the fruit-setting rate and reduce "empty vines", it is necessary to carry out artificial pollination and prevent fruit-setting fruit flies (needle bees) and thrips in time. ? 6. Fertilizer and water management Winter melon has a long growth period, high yield and a large amount of fertilizer and water. Little fertilizer and water are needed before seedling stage, and there are not many vine-pulling stages, but after flowering and fruiting, especially after fruiting, sufficient fertilizer and water are needed. As for the amount of topdressing, it accounts for 30%-40% of the total amount of fertilization before vine planting, 60%-70% after pollination and after melon hanging, and fertilization should be stopped 20 days before harvesting. Generally, water and fertilizer are scarce at seedling stage to promote seedlings. It is not advisable to use too much water and fertilizer from vine pulling to fruit setting, so it should be properly controlled to facilitate fruit setting. After selecting melons, there should be enough fertilizer and water to promote fruit expansion. Heavy fertilizer should be applied continuously for 2-3 times within 15-25 days, and imported compound fertilizer should be applied 15-25 kg each time, and water can be sprayed in half ditch on sunny days. Avoid fertilization and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer before and after heavy rain, so as not to cause diseases. ? 7. Harvest wax gourd at the right time. The old melon is resistant to storage and transportation and has a good taste. About 45 days after fruit setting, the melon skin is bright and dark green, and most leaves of the plant remain green but not yellow. Choose a sunny morning to harvest. However, it can also be harvested and listed in advance according to the market supply and demand.