How to plant rice seedlings now? Is the transplanter still useful?

0 1. The suitable time for raising rice seedlings is1Tomb-Sweeping Day in 0 days. Tomb-Sweeping Day and Grain Rain are basically the guiding solar terms for rice transplanting in spring. The transplanting of rice seedlings in Huanghuai and Baitian in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is basically around Qingming and Grain Rain solar terms. Although April this year is a leap year, it does not affect rice seedling raising. Wheat is heading. According to previous farming experience, wheat should be cut when it reaches the ridge. As the saying goes: cutting wheat and transplanting rice are busy at both ends. That is to say, in the third summer, I get up at five o'clock, and I have to transplant rice seedlings to cut wheat in the middle of the night, and I have to plant wheat stubble crops, including transplanting rice seedlings in the wheat field. After transplanting rice seedlings, the wheat harvest will begin soon. Generally, rice seedlings are transplanted before wheat cutting. Of course, because of the lack of water, we can't sow in the white field, so we have to wait until the wheat is harvested before transplanting.

It takes about 40 days from artificial transplanting to field transplanting. Namely: a? Raising seedlings in plastic greenhouse for 7 ~ 10 days; B? It takes about 28 ~ 30 days to plant the seedlings upside down. Last year, due to a cold air blowing before Qingming Festival, some artificially transplanted seedlings were planted upside down and frozen to death in Grain Rain. Therefore, this year's artificial transplanting may not be until after Qingming. Seedlings can be transplanted with fertile machines about 10 days before Tomb-Sweeping Day. It grows in a plastic greenhouse for about 30 days until the weather is relatively stable and the length of the seedlings is just right for transplanting. In this way, the harm of cold air is avoided, that is, before and after transplanting rice in Grain Rain. The way of raising seedlings by mechanical transplanting is different from that by manual transplanting. Today, rural farmers will talk about the seedling raising process of machine transplanting.

02. Leveling seedbeds and building plastic greenhouses. Level the seedbed.

Seedlings used in transplanters need to be raised in seedling trays, which is convenient for machine transplanting. According to the area where you grow rice, you need more seeds to transplant rice with a transplanter. Because, after the second transplanting and root forging, the tillering rate of rice will be higher Therefore, the seedlings used in the transplanter cannot be planted backwards for the second time, and only the number of inserted plants can make up for the shortage of tillering. In other words, the rice seeds needed for machine transplanting are about 2.8 ~ 3 kilograms per mu. According to the calculation: 30 cm× 60 cm seedling tray, the number of seedlings per tray is about 0.2 kg, and the seedbed area of seedlings is roughly calculated. First, drill the seedbed deeply twice with a rotary tiller, and then make a bed for placing the seedbed according to the width of the plastic greenhouse you need.

Step 2 build a plastic shed

Build a plastic greenhouse with a width of 8 meters and a length of 30 meters, and use 60 cm× 30 cm seedling trays, which can be about 1300 trays except the sidewalk. 0.2 kg of rice seeds are bred in each dish, and the breeding amount in 1300 dishes is about 260 kg. Then, according to the requirement of about 0/3 seedlings per mu/kloc, the amount of rice seeds per mu is about 2.6 ~ 3 kg. Therefore, about 100 mu of rice can be planted with 260 kilograms of rice seeds.

With our own budget, we will start to build the skeleton ~ arch of plastic greenhouse. The arch should be planted in a straight line with the same radian to cover the plastic film. Arches can be made of stainless steel pipes or 7 or 8 long bamboo poles. This is an arch built with bamboo poles. The specific method is: insert a row of bamboo poles downward on both sides of the seedling bed, and the corresponding thick heads of bamboo poles. In order to firmly insert the bamboo pole, it is advisable to insert it deeply and tightly, and the spacing is about 60 ~ 65 cm.

Then cross the corresponding two bamboo poles together and tie them firmly with rags, and the arch height can be kept at about 1.7 meters. At the top of the arches, bamboo poles are used to connect each arch together to increase the overall stability of the greenhouse skeleton. Under the top bamboo pole, a row of bamboo poles was planted to support the greenhouse from collapsing. At the same time, the waist on both sides of the arch frame should be connected by one or two rows of bamboo poles, so that the whole arch frame can be fixed as a whole and will not be deformed by strong wind.

0.3 Tray for preparing nursery nutrient soil +0. Prepare nutrient soil.

Machine-transplanted seedlings are raised from seedling trays. Before sowing, put about 3 cm thick nutrient soil in the seedling tray. The Ministry of Agriculture sells nutrient soil for seedling cultivation, and now farming is unprofitable. In order to save money, nutrient soil can also be prepared by itself. It is to use good soil which is fertile in dry land and free from weeds and pesticide pollution, and then use fine soil screened by a sieve.

Then, a special regulator-seedling-strengthening agent is evenly mixed into the soil. The seedling strengthening agent contains complex enzymes, organic matter, humic acid, organic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements needed for rice growth. At the same time, it also contains antibiotics, antibiotics, organic acids and other active substances that are directly absorbed and utilized by seedlings. It has the functions of fattening, regulating acid, preventing diseases and controlling prosperity, and cultivating strong seedlings. Reference dosage: According to the ratio of 1: 160, that is, 1 kg seedling strengthening agent is evenly mixed into about 160 kg dry soil, and can be used after being evenly stirred.

Step 2 put the plate and set the plate

After the soil in the seedbed is crushed, harrowed and compacted with pebbles, the seedling tray can be filled with nutrient soil. Nutrient soil can be placed in a flat seedling tray, or shallower. After the seedling tray is installed, it can be pulled into a plastic greenhouse to raise seedlings and placed. When placing, leave sidewalks for watering or other production management.

04. Treatment and sowing of rice seeds 1 seed soaked in sunlight

Rice seeds should be dried in the sun for about 3 hours before sowing, and the germs on the seed shell should be killed by the ultraviolet rays of the sun. And activate the dormant cells of seeds to make them germinate quickly. When drying rice seeds, do not dry them on the cement floor, so as not to burn the bud cells of the seeds and affect the germination rate. In the process of drying, the seeds should be turned frequently to make them dry evenly, and the diseased grains of different colors should be picked out.

When the seeds are almost dry, put them away. After returning to normal temperature, pour it into clear water and soak it for about 2 hours, and then remove the diseased particles and shriveled shells. Then dry the rice seeds in the air, and then use100g of 50% bactericide thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, dilute it evenly with clear water for about 100kg, and soak the rice seeds for 35-40kg. Thiophanate-methyl is an efficient fungicide, which can control common rice sheath blight, sheath blight and head smut.

Soak for about 1 hour, then take out and control drying, and rinse off the liquid medicine on the seeds with clear water. Then pour it into clear water and soak it for about 8 hours, then take it out and change the water, and repeatedly soak it for three times, commonly known as the "three times" seed soaking method. When the seeds can be crushed with your fingers, it means that the seeds are basically soaked. You can fish it out and dry it for sowing.

2. Sow in the seedling tray

After the rice seeds and the seedling tray filled with nutrient soil are prepared, the rice seeds can be scattered into the seedling tray. According to the practical experience of mechanical transplanting, it is more suitable to sow about 0.2 kg of rice seeds per tray. After the rice seeds are spread evenly, spread a thin layer of nutrient soil about 0.5 cm on the seedling tray and cover the rice seeds. After the rice seeds in the whole greenhouse are sown, it is necessary to water and irrigate the inside of the greenhouse, which can be done by gravity irrigation. Water slowly with a small hose, don't put too much water, so as not to scatter the rice seeds in the seedling tray.

05. Manage seedlings before covering them with large films. After the tray is set, water the seedlings thoroughly. This kind of watering is mainly to store soil moisture for the seedbed, which is convenient for rice seeds to germinate and emerge. After the water permeates completely, the seedling tray can be covered with plastic film, which has the following functions: ① In order to conserve moisture, if the temperature rises in sunny days, the water in the seedling tray will evaporate quickly. Covering with a plastic film will reduce the evaporation of water in the seedling tray; ②.？ Prevent the water droplets adsorbed on the inner film of plastic greenhouse from falling, smash the seedling tray into a honeycomb or burn the tender rice buds.

After the plastic film is covered, you can cover the plastic film outside. When covering the large film, it should be flat and tight, and open the opposite doors at both ends of the greenhouse in advance to facilitate ventilation and future use. Then, the film around the plastic shed is sealed tightly with soil to prevent it from being lifted by strong winds when it is windy and rainy.

A few days before raising rice seedlings, we should always look at the temperature in the greenhouse and the moisture in the nutrient soil. If there is water shortage, pump water in time to replenish water. At room temperature, the seedlings will germinate and emerge in 5 ~ 7 days. When rice seedlings emerge, the plastic film covered on the seedbed should be collected to prevent scalding the seedlings. At the same time, check the temperature inside the plastic shed at noon every day. When the temperature inside exceeds 35 degrees, that is, there is a heat wave that obviously bakes the face, it is necessary to open the plastic doors at both ends of the greenhouse and let them ventilate and cool down to prevent the seedlings from being burned by excessive temperature.