What does verse 24 have to do with disease?

The climate change of the 24 solar terms is closely related to the occurrence of many febrile diseases. Most febrile diseases and miscellaneous diseases are caused by the transformation and influence of wind, cold, heat, humidity, dryness and fire in the 24 solar terms. If the climate is normal and people follow, then the two are compatible and healthy; If people can't adapt to the change and influence of the 24 solar terms, causing the invasion of external air, it will lead to the occurrence of fever and miscellaneous diseases.

1. The six solar terms in spring and human physiology and pathology are characterized by warmth and humidity. When spring returns to the earth, the yang of nature begins to sprout and everything recovers, bringing a thriving scene. As the saying goes, "like mushrooms after rain" shows that all living things in nature are growing rapidly. However, there are some harmful things, such as pathogenic microorganisms, bacteria, viruses and so on. , will also take advantage of it, take advantage of it, all kinds of pests and diseases are rampant, causing great harm to people, especially in southern China.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the climate characteristics of the six solar terms in spring are mainly ethos, and colds can be used as a pathogenic factor alone, often combined with other pathogenic factors.

When the common cold invades the human body, the following pathological changes can generally occur: First, it hurts the upper part, such as headache, stuffy nose, runny nose, itchy throat and other symptoms common in colds. At first, eyelid edema is more common in Feng Shui syndrome.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the climate characteristics of the six solar terms in spring are mainly ethos, and the common cold can be regarded as a pathogenic factor alone, often combined with other pathogenic factors.

Second, the range of lesions is wide. Because the number of good deeds of cold changes, it is uncertain and often goes up and down, so the range of lesions is wide, which can stay in fur or muscles, and can also swim in meridians; Facing the top, you can reach your forehead directly; It can invade the waist, knees, tibia and fibula, etc.

Third, "wind sign and movement" is characterized by movement. Therefore, whenever you see abnormal body movements, such as convulsions, spasms, tremors, peristalsis, and even symptoms such as varus arch and stiff neck, it is often attributed to the wind and classified as wind disease.

Fourth, miscellaneous diseases, that is, the common cold is often combined with other pathogens and invades the human body. The common cold often invades the spleen with dampness, which often manifests as dyspepsia, abdominal distension and diarrhea and other symptoms of spleen and stomach damage. If it is combined with heat, it is wind-heat, and if it is combined with cold, it is wind-cold, or wind-cold dampness, which invades the human body, that is, wind-heat exogenous pathogen, wind-cold exogenous pathogen, rheumatic arthralgia and so on. In addition, wind can also be combined with pathological products such as phlegm in the body to form wind phlegm, which can cause many diseases.

Medical meteorology has confirmed that when the wind howls, the collision and friction noise in the air will make people feel upset, especially the audio frequency is too low, even reaching the standard of "infrasound". Scientists have found that infrasound waves are killing sound waves, which can directly affect the human nervous system, causing headaches, nausea, irritability and even death. At the same time, violent winds often seriously reduce negative oxygen ions in the air, leading to changes in chemical processes sensitive to weather changes in the human body, and the blood begins to secrete a large amount of serotonin, which makes people feel nervous, depressed and tired, and will lead to excessive thyroid burden in some people.

In addition, strong winds make the surface evaporate strongly, drive away a lot of water vapor, reduce air humidity, make people dry cleft lip, dry nasal mucosa, and reduce disease prevention function, so that many germs take advantage of it and lead to respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, influenza and tuberculosis. The widespread prevalence of these diseases is often the result of "wind helping the disease". Therefore, Huangdi Neijing also said: "Wind is the beginning of all diseases."

Although the common cold can cause many diseases, even diseases, spring is still the season to bring vitality to everything. When the yang in nature begins to sprout, "man corresponds to heaven and earth", at this time, the yang in the human body also diverges upward and outward in line with nature, and its physiological changes are mainly reflected in the following points:

First, qi and blood activities have been strengthened, and metabolism has begun to flourish. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the influence of external climate change on human qi and blood is remarkable. For example, in hot weather, qi and blood are smooth and easy, while in cold weather, qi and blood are stagnant. The climate in spring is between hot summer and cold winter, and the climate is mild, so the qi and blood activities are also between the two seasons, that is, the qi and blood activities in spring are gradually increasing. This situation can be reflected from the pulse condition, as Su Wen Lun Jing Mai said: "Spring floats like a fish swimming in Apollo", which means that the pulse condition of the human body floats in spring, like a fish swimming in water waves. In a sense, Yang Qi represents the ability of human metabolism, and the growth of Yang Qi means that human metabolism begins to flourish.

Second, the liver governs spring, and the liver qi begins to flourish. "Su Wenjin Kui Yan Zhen" has clearly put forward the problem that "the five internal organs should have four seasons, and each has its own influence", that is, the five internal organs of the human body correspond to the four seasons of Yin and Yang in nature. Specific to spring, it is "liver" ... it is the deficiency of yang in yang, and it is in spring. In addition, Huangdi Neijing recorded that "liver governs spring". The so-called "liver governing spring" means that the human liver corresponds to spring, and the function of the liver is relatively strong in spring, which shows that the functions of the liver governing blood storage and the liver governing drainage are gradually strengthened. Due to the mild climate, people's outdoor activities are gradually increasing, so the blood stored in the liver flows to the limbs.

In spring, with the warming of the climate and the increase of outdoor activities, people's spiritual activities begin to become active. These physiological changes put forward new requirements for the prevention of fever and miscellaneous diseases in spring.

2. Six solar terms in summer and human physiology and pathology Summer is the main gas of the six solar terms in summer, which is transformed from fiery gas and only occurs in the six solar terms in summer. According to Chinese medicine, summer heat is yang evil, which is easy to consume qi and hurt body fluid. It is common for summer evil to invade the human body and sweat profusely. Excessive sweating leads to the loss of body fluid, which is the key to the injury of body fluid. After body fluid injury, there will be diseases such as thirst, dry lips, dry stool, yellow urine and upset. If it is not treated in time, the damage of body fluid can develop further, and if it exceeds the limit of physiological compensation, it will consume vitality. At this time, there may be a series of symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, laziness, and even sudden fainting and unconsciousness, leading to death. From this point of view, heatstroke prevention in summer cannot be taken lightly.

Moisture is the main gas in long summer, and it is hot and rainy in many areas of our country, especially in the south. What people call wet disease is more common in this season. In this season, the humidity in the air is the highest, and most people get sick and even feel wet evil because of trauma, fog and dew, sweating wet clothes, wading in water, or living in wet places.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that dampness is yin evil, which hurts human yang. Because it is turbid and sticky, it is easy to block qi-flowing, and it is difficult to heal due to many diseases, which is the pathological feature of damp evil. Not only that, dampness will also hurt spleen yang, because spleen likes dryness and hates dampness. Once the spleen yang is inhibited by dampness, it may lead to abnormal spleen qi movement and poor qi movement. Clinical manifestations include abdominal distension, loss of appetite, loose stool, and tepid limbs. Especially after the temper ebbs and flows out of control, the water stays and forms common edema, and now it looks like a silkworm.

Traditional Chinese medicine also believes that dampness is heavy and turbid, so there are many symptoms such as body weight and head weight after exogenous dampness. Because damp pathogen is sticky, pathological changes are often difficult. If it invades the skin and bones, it is often heavy and sour and fixed in one place, so it is called "arthralgia". Generally speaking, damp pathogen is a disease with a long course of disease, such as wet fever, which often has clinical characteristics inseparable from the face. Rheumatism and rheumatic joint pain caused by invading skin and joints often recur. It is common that the pathological products of internal dampness disease are mostly dirty and unclean, such as skin lesion exudate and damp-heat leucorrhea secretion, which are sticky and smelly. Therefore, people often call wet "tangible evil", which is filthy and turbid.

Because the formation of moisture is often related to the evaporation of moisture on the ground, its damage often starts from the lower part. Clinical symptoms such as lower limb ulcer, wet beriberi and leucorrhea are mostly related to dampness.

For humidity, modern science uses humidity to express it, which refers to the moisture content in the air and the humidity degree of objects. The humidity of air is an important factor of climate change and has a direct impact on human body. Generally speaking, the suitable humidity for human body is 40% ~ 60%, and when the temperature is higher than 25℃, the suitable relative humidity is 30%. In the dog days of summer, due to the effects of high temperature, low pressure and high humidity, sweat is not easy to be discharged and evaporated after sweating, which will make people fidgety, tired, loss of appetite and prone to gastroenteritis and dysentery. If the humidity is too low, the water in the upper respiratory mucosa will be lost in large quantities, thus reducing the resistance and easily causing a cold.

Not only that, clothes and food are easy to regain moisture, even moldy and hairy. If you wear wet clothes, you will easily catch a cold or induce joint pain, and eat moldy and deteriorated food, which will cause gastroenteritis and even poisoning. So in the long summer, we must pay attention to prevent the invasion of damp evil.

3. Six solar terms in autumn and human physiology and pathology The climatic characteristics of the six solar terms in autumn are mainly dry, and people often describe them as "crisp autumn" and "dry wind". Autumn is a season of golden breeze and pleasant climate. This is because people have just spent the hot summer, and whenever the cool breeze blows, they feel clear-headed, refreshed and comfortable. However, due to the continuous convergence of its weather and the lack of moisture in the air, it has become a bleak climate. At this time, people often feel dry mouth and nose, thirst, dry skin and even dry stool. Therefore, people often compare the dryness in early autumn to "autumn tiger", which means that dryness is easy to hurt people. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that dryness can be divided into warm dryness and cool dryness according to its nature. The gas in early autumn is called warm and dry because it is influenced by the residual heat of the hot summer climate, strong and fierce, and its shape is as fierce as that of a tiger's mouth; The gas in late autumn is called cool and dry because it is close to the cold winter and the chill deepens. As for people who work at high temperature, excessive sweating causes serious loss of body fluids, which can occur regardless of seasons and belongs to the category of "internal dryness" in traditional Chinese medicine.

The main qi of the six solar terms in autumn is dryness. In the human body, the lung is dry and golden, and its qi should be autumn. Autumn is crisp and the air is fresh, which is beneficial to the function of lung governing qi and regulating breathing.

However, after the autumnal equinox, excessive dryness and wind will attack the fur and nasal orifices of the lung master first. If the lungs are normal, they can react quickly and transmit the defensive qi to the skin and nasal orifices, so that the skin and hair are moist and dense, and the nasal orifices are unobstructed, so that no matter what dry qi can enter the body, people can spend the autumn smoothly. If the qi of autumn dryness is too strong, which exceeds the human body's defense ability, or the qi of autumn dryness is not strong, and the lung's own function of controlling qi and generating hair is weak, which can't adapt to the climate change in autumn and resist external evils, then the fur, nasal orifices and lung itself dominated by the lung will bear the brunt, and will be damaged by dryness and evil, resulting in a series of pathological changes.

Dryness is a kind of disease, which is divided into external dryness and internal dryness. External dryness is a natural dryness starting from nose and fur, often starting from lungs, but it can be divided into warm dryness and cool dryness. Internal dryness is mostly due to excessive sweating, or internal loss of essence and blood, or insufficient body fluid in old age, which leads to dryness of vaginal fluid. The main pathological features of dryness-evil as disease are:

First, dryness is easy to hurt the lungs. Because the lungs like to be moist, and they are connected with the atmosphere because of the main breathing and fur, external dryness is easy to hurt the lungs and the place where the lungs belong.

Second, dry is better than dry. In nature, fields can crack, seedlings wither and leaves turn brown. In the human body, dryness consumes body fluids, and there will also be dryness, such as dry nose, dry throat, dry throat, dry mouth, dry tongue, dry skin, dry stool and so on. Therefore, regardless of external dryness or internal dryness, once the disease occurs, the above-mentioned symptoms of body fluid dryness can appear. Of course, internal dryness is not limited to the lungs, and other organs can also form internal dryness due to yin deficiency and body fluid exhaustion.

In early autumn and July, the heat is still hot and there is a lot of rain. Chinese medicine calls July of the lunar calendar a long summer. Long summer governs dampness and spleen governs long summer, so spleen and stomach diseases are more common in early autumn and July. Spleen likes dryness and hates dampness, and dampness is the easiest way to trap spleen. Dampness is yin evil, which is easy to inhibit qi movement and damage yang qi, leading to spleen yang deficiency, transportation and transformation obstruction, water and dampness stop gathering, resulting in edema or diarrhea; What's more, it is long in summer and July, and the weather is still hot. People like to eat cold fruits and frozen drinks, which are helpful to damp evil and damage spleen yang. Therefore, abdominal distension and diarrhea are prone to occur in autumn and July. Spleen-yang is weak, so it can't transport water and dampness, and water and dampness don't gather and produce phlegm. Injury of spleen dampness in early autumn can lay the foundation for the recurrence of chronic bronchitis and other diseases in winter, so ("Yin Xiang Da Lun" says: "Injury of spleen dampness in autumn and cough in winter." Dampness is heavy, and external dampness invades the meridian muscles, so that the meridian muscles block arthralgia syndrome, which may lead to "dampness arthralgia" and "arthralgia arthralgia".

How to maintain yin qi in the body during the six solar terms in autumn? The key is to prevent dryness and protect yin. Chinese medicine believes that dryness is the main qi in autumn, which is called "autumn dryness". Its qi is clear and its nature is dry. It doesn't rain for a long time, and the climate is dry, which is often easy to dry. Because the lungs breathe, the lungs have fur, and the lungs and large intestine are inside and outside, when the temperature in the air drops, the lungs, large intestine and fur bear the brunt, which is the pathological feature of dryness and evil.

Dryness hurts people and body fluids. As the saying goes, "dryness is better than dryness." When the body fluid is exhausted, there will be dryness, such as dry mouth, dry lips, dry nose, dry throat, dry tongue, dry stool, dry skin and even chapped skin. The lung is fine and dirty, and it likes to moisten dryness and hates dryness. When dryness enters the lung, it is most likely to hurt its vaginal fluid. If the lung loses body fluid and moisture, its function will inevitably be affected. Therefore, the claim is abnormal, ranging from dry expectoration to less phlegm, which is difficult to stick, to lung collateral bleeding and blood in sputum. After the lung body fluid is insufficient, it will be difficult to dry without body fluid to help the large intestine.

Autumn is dry, which is divided into warm and cool. It is generally believed that the temperature in early autumn is Shang Gao, so it is warm and dry; The temperature drops in late autumn, so it is cool and dry. Whether it is cold or warm, it always shows dry skin and insufficient body fluid. But there are still differences between the two in clinic. Warm dryness is harmful to the body, often manifested as aversion to cold or slight aversion to cold, obvious fever and thin pulse; When cold and dryness hurt people, they often have no fever or slight fever. On the contrary, aversion to cold is more obvious, with numerous pulse conditions.

As can be seen from the above, due to the complicated climate change in autumn, not only the diseases caused by the dryness of the main qi are common, but also the diseases caused by the dampness in the long summer have laid the foundation for the common chronic diseases in winter. Therefore, according to the characteristics of weather changes and human physiological and pathological characteristics, we should choose corresponding measures to prevent febrile diseases and miscellaneous diseases in autumn.

4. Six solar terms in winter and human physiology and pathology The six solar terms in winter are the season when everything is hidden. At this time, it is freezing, everything is dying, and there is a depression.

During the six solar terms in winter, the human body will also undergo some physiological changes.

When the cold current strikes, the human body will tremble and get goose bumps all over. This is a way for the skin to tighten pores and reduce blood flow in order to prevent heat loss from the human body. Secondly, the cold resistance of muscle tissue is also very high, especially in the "March 9th" cold weather. In order to generate and store heat, muscles constantly step up their work and increase their tension to generate more heat energy and store it in the body.

During the six solar terms in winter, the secretion of many glands in the human body increases, which accelerates the decomposition of sugar, fat and protein in the body, ensuring that the body can generate heat energy as soon as possible to meet the needs of cold protection.

Thyroid hormone secreted by thyroid gland has thermogenic effect, which can accelerate the oxidation process of most tissues and cells in the body, increase thermogenesis, increase basal metabolic rate and strengthen skin blood circulation. Medical researchers believe that 1 mg of thyroid hormone can increase heat production by about 1 kcal, which is equivalent to 1 10 g of fat. People with insufficient thyroid hormone secretion often need hot drinks and clothes to keep out the cold because they produce less heat and can't adapt to the cold environment well.

Normal thyroid gland secretes about 80 ~ 100 micrograms of thyroid hormone every day. Iodine and tyrosine are the main raw materials for making thyroid hormone. If the diet is short of iodine for a long time, it will affect the synthesis of thyroid hormones and the body's ability to keep out the cold will be greatly reduced. In addition, cold stimulation of the thyroid gland in winter will reactively increase the body's demand for thyroid hormone secretion, resulting in a relative shortage of iodine. Therefore, eating more iodine-containing foods such as kelp in winter is conducive to increasing the synthesis of thyroid hormones and enhancing the body's cold resistance.

The function of adrenal gland is controlled by pituitary ACTH. Cold stimulates the pituitary gland and hypothalamus to affect the adrenal gland, thus promoting the function of the adrenal gland, increasing the secretion of adrenaline and generating heat; At the same time, it causes blood viscosity to increase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and coagulation time to shorten, which slows down hemorheology and reduces heat dissipation.

Cold can make people clear their heads, improve some functions of higher nervous activities, such as attention and accuracy, but reduce the coordination and responsiveness of exercise. Therefore, when the temperature is too low, when the temperature is close to 0℃, the heat emitted by the human body will exceed the heat generated by it, thus causing physiological and psychological dysfunction, nervousness, chills, shivering and so on. It's not good for work.

Temperature can also change visceral function. Too low temperature will affect various systems of the body, such as digestive system, cardiovascular system and respiratory system. In winter, the blood vessels on the surface of the body contract and the blood flow decreases. At this time, the visceral vessels are relatively dilated, the blood flow is relatively increased, and the function is relatively enhanced. Gastrointestinal mucosal temperature drops, blood circulation accelerates, gland secretion increases, and pancreatic secretion also increases. Among them, cold has obvious exciting effect on gastric gland secretion, so gastric acid secretion increases in winter, digestive function and gastrointestinal immune function are enhanced, and people often lose appetite. But cold reduces the resistance of capillaries; With the increase of membrane permeability, the effect of gastric acid on gastric mucosa is enhanced, and ulcer disease is induced. Under cold conditions, diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease are prone to occur due to the increase of peripheral vascular resistance. In addition, colds can also affect respiratory function and cause diseases such as chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma.

The cold weather in the six solar terms in winter can increase the transformation of liver glycogen, increase the production of enzymes in the liver, increase the respiration of liver cells, facilitate the decomposition of sugar, fat and protein, and affect the sympathetic nervous system, thus promoting the entry of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets from the spleen into the blood and increasing them.

Modern meteorological medical research believes that the cold climate will make many diseases more likely to attack the human body than usual, especially those seriously life-threatening diseases, such as stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, myocardial infarction and so on. This not only significantly increases the incidence rate, but also sharply increases the mortality rate.

Many foreign studies believe that more than 80% of the mortality peak in winter is related to the cold climate; China's relevant statistics also show that more than 85% of the deaths in winter are cooled by cold air five days before the peak. For cardiovascular diseases, mortality often reaches its peak within two days after cold air passes through the border; The death rate of respiratory diseases reached its peak 3 days after cold air crossed the border; Cerebrovascular diseases usually peak 1 day and 5 days after cold air passes through the border.

Our people pay more attention to the winter solstice. On the lunar calendar, "Counting Nine" starts from the winter solstice, marking the arrival of winter. According to the meteorological data of China in the past 30 years, there are strong cold air and cold waves going south from winter to around every year, causing sudden cooling, often accompanied by strong winds, rain, snow, freezing and other bad weather. For the old and infirm and those suffering from the above diseases, they will feel unwell all over the body at this time, which will lead to the deterioration of their condition and even death. Therefore, there is a folk saying that "the winter solstice is closed to the elderly". For the elderly, it is necessary to strengthen disease prevention and health care in winter to minimize the impact of adverse climatic factors on the human body.

We must pay attention to the invasion of cold in winter. Facts have proved that the mechanism of cold diseases is various. When the human body is subjected to excessive cold stimulation, the function of the heat balance system can be disturbed, and the sensory endings in the skin transmit cold stimulation to the hypothalamus, which in turn dominates the pituitary gland, leading to endocrine system disorder. Cold is more effective for the elderly and critically ill patients with poor adaptability. Cold makes people's skin capillaries contract, blood circulation resistance increases, left ventricular load increases, and blood pressure increases, which is unfavorable to circulatory diseases such as hypertension, heart disease and cerebrovascular disease.

In addition, cold is easy to make the upper abdomen catch cold or swallow cold air, which is easy to cause gastrointestinal spasm; Cold can reduce the temperature and humidity of nasal mucosa, reduce the immunoglobulin secreted by mucosa, and be prone to rhinitis and cold; Cold can also make the capillaries in the exposed parts of the human body contract, and the blood flow is relatively slow. After the skin catches cold, it loses more water, which often makes the skin rough or chapped. Ears, nose, fingers, etc. Are far away from the heart, lack of blood supply, frequent frostbite; Cold can also increase the content of fibrin in human blood, increase the viscosity of blood, shorten the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and coagulation time. At this time, the mortality rate of myocardial infarction and coronary thrombosis is very high. At the same time, the increase of adrenaline caused by endocrine disorders can also increase blood viscosity and shorten coagulation time. All these show that people must pay attention to disease prevention and health care in the cold winter.