French red wine

Wine refers to an alcoholic beverage with alcohol content (volume fraction) greater than or equal to 7% made from fresh grapes or grape juice through complete or partial fermentation.

French wine is the best wine in the world and is famous for its French perfume and fashion. The history of wine brewing has been more than 2000 years.

France, a hexagonal country, borders the Atlantic Ocean in the west and the Mediterranean Sea in the south, with a unique climate. There are nearly 80,000 wineries and more than 800,000 hectares of vineyards with an annual output of 4.6 billion liters of wine.

Among them, Bordeaux is hot in summer and mild in winter because of the Gironde River. There are many soil forms, and the soil quality of gravel and limestone clay is very suitable for vine growth. Grape planting area is 6.5438+10,000 hectares, with an annual output of 800 million bottles of wine, and AOC-grade wine accounts for 90% of the total, producing mixed varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Cabernet Franc. Bordeaux is mainly divided into right bank and left bank according to the Gironde River, Garonne River and Dordogne River. The main distribution is as shown in the figure:

Classification of French wine grades

1.Vinde Table)VDT (abbreviation)-VDF (vinde France)

2.VindepaysVindepaysVDP (abbreviation)-IGP? (Indicates the geographical location attribute)

3. Excellent regional table wine (name+name of origin+quality supervision) VDQS (abbreviation)

4. Wine in legal producing area (appellation+name of producing area+controlled person) AOC (abbreviation)-AOP

(Name "Original Protected Person")

1855

1980, the World Expo was held in Paris. In order to spread French wine culture, Napoleon ordered to list the grades of Bordeaux wines at that time. On April 5th, 1855, the Bordeaux Chamber of Commerce sent a letter to the Wine Brokers Association, asking it to provide "a list of all the wine wineries in the province, which should be as detailed and comprehensive as possible, and clarify the ownership and geographical location of each winery in the fifth grade". As the World Expo will open in the same month, time is very tight. The brokers' association has provided a list of the best wineries in such a short time by using the information of wineries it has mastered. April 18 released the list, known as "1855 classification system". Today, after 150 years, this classification is still respected by the world wine industry.

2. 1932 classification of intermediate wineries

The classification of intermediate wineries began at 1932. Medoc intermediate winery has a very important economic position in Bordeaux.

After the introduction of the new plan in 2006, 247 wineries established a new grading system according to three grades:

The exception is Crusoe Bourgeois? There are 9 special intermediate wineries.

A bourgeois superiority theorist? 85 high-quality intermediate wineries

Crusoe Bourgeois? Intermediate winery 153 Jia

1958, Saint Emilion officially established its own winery, which is divided into "first-class winery" (Premier

Grand Cruella), and "Big Winery" (Big

Cruclass), the first-class exclusive winery with the highest grade is subdivided into two groups, A and B, and Group A has the highest grade. It should be emphasized here that the classification of wineries in Saint Emilion is different from other classified wineries in Bordeaux. The graded wineries in Saint Emilion have made regulations to re-evaluate the graded wineries every ten years according to the quality, price, vineyards and other conditions, thus forcing the vast number of graded wineries to constantly compete with each other. About 60 wineries are reevaluated every ten years, and the latest one was completed in 2006. Some wineries have been upgraded, while others have been eliminated. Marked as follows:

Class A limousine

A

b grade

Top luxury class

B

Extraordinary luxury class

1958, Saint Emilion officially established its own winery, which is divided into "first-class winery" (Premier

Grand Cruella), and "Big Winery" (Big

Cruclass), the first-class exclusive winery with the highest grade is subdivided into two groups, A and B, and Group A has the highest grade. It should be emphasized here that the classification of wineries in Saint Emilion is different from other classified wineries in Bordeaux. The graded wineries in Saint Emilion have made regulations to re-evaluate the graded wineries every ten years according to the quality, price, vineyards and other conditions, thus forcing the vast number of graded wineries to constantly compete with each other. About 60 wineries are reevaluated every ten years, and the latest one was completed in 2006. Some wineries have been upgraded, while others have been eliminated. Marked as follows:

Class A limousine

A

b grade

Top luxury class

B

Extraordinary luxury class

When it comes to Bordeaux wine, I believe Lafite comes to mind first. Lafite Winery, together with Latour Winery, Margaux Winery, Admiralty Winery and Li Peng Winery, is also known as the five famous French wineries and enjoys a good international reputation.