Yongningzhen's natural conditions.

The total area of agricultural cultivated land is 19705 mu, and the per capita is 0.74 mu (calculated by the current registered population), including 3707 mu of paddy field and 0/5998 mu of dry land. There are 7543 households with 3 1786 people in the town, and the natural population growth rate is 6.5‰. Among them, there are 9 13 non-agricultural households with a population of 2768.

The available grassland area is 4560 mu, and the forestland area is 7800 mu. The output of agricultural products such as potatoes ranks first in the county, and it is a golden producing area for virus-free potato seed potato reproduction. Corn and rice are the main food crops. 20 1 1, grain production 1 1323.4 tons, 356 kg per capita, including 4 133.3 tons of rice and 7 199 tons of corn. The main cash crops are rape, tomato, ginger, pepper and medicinal materials. 20 1 1, the planting area of oil crops is 4500 mu, and the output is 450. Vegetable planting area 1000 mu, output of 3500 tons.

Animal husbandry mainly focuses on raising cattle, pigs, sheep and poultry. 20 1 1 year ×8350 pigs, with 2456 pigs at the end of the year. 450 sheep, 240 at the end of the year, 52 15 cattle, and 4,800 at the end of the year. There are 28,000 poultry, with 0. 1.2 million poultry on the market. 20 1 1 annual production of meat 1 176.8 tons, including pork 1 100 tons, beef 235 tons and mutton 56 tons. Eggs 1 17 tons. The total output value of animal husbandry is 49 million yuan, accounting for 55.6% of the total agricultural output value.

By the end of 20 1 1, the accumulated afforestation area was 1300 mu, including 250 mu of shelter forest, 2 10 mu of economic forest, 200 mu of bamboo forest and annual fruit planting area of 150 mu. Driven by the agricultural technology department, Baiyan Village accepted 400 mu of high-quality sorghum planted by science and technology demonstration, with a yield of 400 kg per mu. The total output value of planting sorghum reached 800,000 yuan at the protective price, increasing production and income. 20 1 1 year, the per capita net income of farmers in the demonstration village is 3500 yuan. 20 1 1 At the end of the year, there were two art performance teams, Yongning Senior Citizens Association Performance Team and Kangzhai Senior Citizens Team, with a cast of 16 people, giving 20 performances each year and an audience of 2,000 people. Each village has ***24 libraries with 60,000 books; Folk arts with local characteristics include Miao embroidery and national costume processing. The cultural festivals held include Miao Flower Tree Festival. For the first time, a series of Miao folk "Flower Tree Festival" was held in Baiyan Village on 20 1 1 (the sixth day of the first lunar month). It attracted more than 5,000 Miao compatriots from Xixiu District, Zhenning Autonomous County, Qinglong County, Xingren County, Wenshan County, Longlin County, Guangxi and other brother counties in Anshun City, Yunnan Province, to gather in Baiyan Village ethnic customs performance field, and held a "flower tree circle" activity in accordance with Miao traditional customs to pray for the New Year.

Suona Team includes Anzhuang Village and Shao Zhong Village. 20 1 1 At the end of the year, there were 1 postal outlets, the total length of one-way delivery lines in cities and towns was 2.5 kilometers, and the rural postal rate was 100%. In the whole year, 24,000 domestic letters were delivered, domestic money orders 1800 were completed, 2,500 domestic express mail letters were completed, and 434 newspapers and magazines were subscribed.

The penetration rate of telephone users reached 90%, and the mobile phone users10.3 million, and the mobile phone penetration rate was 89%. The total length of optical cable lines12km, the total number of Internet ports is 268, and broadband access users 140 households. The annual telecom business income was 250,000 yuan. The stone carving of Xinjie, a key scenic spot, was written by Zhang, Minister of Communications of the Republic of China. It is located on the cliff of yongningzhen Xinjie on Zhensheng Expressway. In the new street of this city, there are still the remains of the Chenghuang Temple, and another big Buddha cave has now been transformed into a private residence. Yongning city road still has the ancient Yongning city wall and the ancient token monument, which is a monument to the merits of building a city. The words on it are beyond recognition. According to Huang Baoshan, a famous person, the monument records why Yongning House has only east and west gates, but no north and south gates. It is also said that there was a Wenfeng Pagoda in Wangjiajing, National Highway 320 in Qing Dynasty, and another Wenfeng Pagoda on Luohandu Slope of Jiaochang Dam was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. At present, there is a particularly large Luojiahua grave near the high pool of Guanyin Pavilion in a village.

In Yongning Primary School, there are two century-old osmanthus trees, which are located in the Confucius Temple in Yongning Primary School. There are two ancient buildings in Niejia Courtyard, one in the old government and the other in Ma Yang Village. Another "Mayangdong" site is located in a natural cave on the west side of Group 3, Ma Yang Village, yongningzhen, which is called "Mayangdong" by local people. It is said that horses were raised here earlier, hence the name.

The geographical coordinates of the site are near 25 55'15.9 "north latitude and105 28'13.3" east longitude, with an altitude of 1504.9 meters. The entrance of Mayang Cave is in the east, which is nearly10m higher than the flat land in front of the cave. The width of the hole12m and the height10m are unknown. According to local villagers, it can communicate with another cave behind the village. The bottom of the cave is flat, the first half is cement floor, and the cave hall gradually becomes smaller inward. Collect stone products, pottery fragments and bone fragments on the slope in front of the cave. 30 stone products were collected, and a few of them had traces of secondary processing, which were stone tools; The rest are stone chips, stone cores and stone hammers. The structure is mainly gravel, with only a small amount of flint. The working group of the Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology made a preliminary visit and * * * collected 8 pieces of pottery, including 5 pieces of taupe pottery with sand and 3 pieces of tawny pottery with sand. There are two kinds of decorative patterns: medium rope pattern and plain surface, accounting for almost the same proportion. It contains 2 pieces of small pottery with straight neck, which may be pot-shaped. At the same time, more than 20 pieces of burnt bones and bone fragments were collected.

According to the preliminary analysis of the archaeologists of the Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, this is the first site of this period found in Guanling, which has high academic value. The Spring Festival, also called "China New Year", lasts from the first day to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. It is the most solemn solar term in Yongning, and everyone who goes out must rush home for reunion.

The fifteenth day of the first month is the Lantern Festival. We have dumplings and lotus leaf cakes for breakfast, and there is still a rich table and delicious food for dinner.

At night, every family is brightly lit, and on the graveyard of suburban villages, every family burns incense and lights the dead, and the lights are red in the sky. If there are dragon dances and solve riddles on the lanterns, it will be more lively and spectacular. There is a folk saying called "Thirty nights of fire, fifteen lights".

Tomb-Sweeping Day, at the beginning of April in the Gregorian calendar, is a day for folk sacrifices to ancestors.

Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanyang Festival or Dragon Boat Festival, is the anniversary of Qu Yuan's martyrdom on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.

The Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as the "Half Moon", falls on the 14th and 15th day of the seventh lunar month, which is said to be the time for ancestors' souls to go home to visit relatives.

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, commonly known as "the 15th day of August".

Chongyang is on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.

There are the first Ox King Festival on March 3rd, April 8th, June 6th and early October in the folk lunar solar terms, but only some rural areas and ethnic minorities have festivals.

Full of happiness and joy

In Yongning, people always treat people to give gifts and hold banquets to celebrate their wedding, having children, having birthdays, building houses and moving houses.

marry

Before the liberation of marriage, men and women in urban and rural areas listened to their parents' orders and matchmakers' words.

The engagement countryside is commonly known as "sending eight characters".

On the first day of marriage, the man's family will prepare wedding wine, meat, clothes, ornaments, dowry and so on. Please go to the woman's house with Mr. Token.

The ceremony of "giving gifts" was held in the hall of the woman's house, and the "Mr. Keepsake" and the person in charge of the woman's elders counted the bride price according to the "gift list".

Three days after the wedding, both the bride and groom go back to their parents' home to visit their relatives and friends, which is called "going home". The bride's family and close relatives hosted a banquet for the newlyweds and returned on the same day.

Families with or without children recruit relatives, and men are also invited to live with their daughters, commonly known as "inviting uncles to come home." All marriages are arranged by the woman, and the man's family only sends relatives and friends to accompany the young man to the woman's house. After marriage, the man supports the woman's parents and enjoys the property of the woman's ancestors. Children are born with the woman's surname, and the third generation of children can restore the man's surname, which is called "three generations return".

A few men and women get married after the marriage relationship is confirmed. At this time, if the man's family has a deceased grandfather or mother, with the consent of the woman's family, during the mourning period, the woman will be taken to the man's family to hold a wedding ceremony in front of the deceased, and the woman will wear mourning before mourning. This is called marriage before funeral, also called "mourning".

Celebrate one's birthday or the birthday of an old man. Before liberation, the rich were very particular about life: on the first day, they hung birthday couplets and set off firecrackers, and the younger generation kowtowed to the elderly and offered birthday wishes according to the procedure; On the birthday, relatives and friends came to give gifts to celebrate the birthday. In the afternoon, a banquet was held in front of the hall for the gods and guests.

Before liberation, the house was built on the beam (that is, the beam on the roof of nave). The beam was presented by my husband, covered with red cloth, carried by eight people, accompanied by suona.

When the new house is completed, the host family will move in on an auspicious day, relatives and friends will come to help move, and some will give gifts. Generally, they will collect furniture in the middle of the night and enter the new house in the early morning. In the afternoon, they will hold a banquet to entertain guests and friends, and some will treat them another day after moving.

funeral

Funeral customs in urban and rural areas are grand and complicated, and the whole "white matter" has procedures such as final mourning, mourning, Dojo opening, funeral and resumption of mountains, ranging from 3 days to 3 months to 5 or 7 days. Yongning Tofu Yongning Tofu has been recorded since the Han Dynasty, and it became a court tribute in the Qing Dynasty. Every household has a history of making tofu, and Yongning tofu has been passed down to this day with its unique production technology and rich nutritional value. Yongning is surrounded by mountains on three sides, and mountain springs gather underground from three sides, which is rich in minerals such as calcium, iron and magnesium. The salinity and total hardness of water are very suitable for tofu processing. Local processing tofu is to use "sour pulp" to order tofu, which is more tender and smooth. They have developed a tofu feast in the local area to promote tofu consumption.

Yongning is the ancient state capital of Da 'an. Yongning Tofu also has a local folk proverb about tofu: "It is yellow in the hand and alive all over. Pulling stubble with a knife is fine in your hand and fine in your mouth. The pot is tender when it is cooked, and empty when it is fried. " It shows that Yongning tofu is extraordinary.

Yongning tofu is delicious and civilized, and its fame lies in Yongning water, high-quality soybeans and exquisite craftsmanship.

Yongning is surrounded by mountains in the north, east and south, and mountain springs gather in Yongning underground from three sides. The water is clear and mellow, rich in minerals such as calcium, iron and magnesium. The salinity and total hardness of water are very suitable for tofu processing. It can be said that without the water of Yongning ancient city, there would be no tofu of Yongning ancient city. The raw materials of Yongning tofu are selected from high-quality soybeans in the local green agricultural products base. Soybean is not only excellent in variety, but also free from chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and there is no pollution around it. It is a natural pollution-free food, rich in iron, phospholipids, cellulose and vitamins. It can be said that it is natural to process tofu with Yongning water.

Oil-soaked Douchi: Oil-soaked Douchi is mainly refined from high-quality soybeans, chicken chops, pork chops, pigskin, steak, cowhide, ginger, pepper, salt and other raw materials. Due to Yongning's unique soil, climate, water source and geographical environment, as well as exquisite technological process, fermented soybean meal is fragrant and mellow, healthy and palatable, invigorating stomach and spleen, stimulating appetite, preventing cardiovascular aging, preventing freezing and protecting skin, and having a clean and refreshing aftertaste. Yongning Douchi is a delicious food for families and restaurants, and it is also a fashionable gift for guests. Yongning Douchi is mainly sold to Guiyang, Zunyi, Anshun, Xingyi, Liupanshui and other provinces, and also exported to Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, Sichuan and other provinces. Products are in short supply and become consumers' favorite food. Its characteristic achievement is that there is a mountain spring in Yongning, which is specially used to make lobster sauce; The longer Douchi is stored in the cellar, the more fragrant it tastes, which is the same as wine. Douchi is a local specialty, which is made of soybeans, ribs, chicken, pigskin, refined salt, white wine, ginger and pepper, and can only be eaten after being stored for one year. However, the specific method is far from simple, and there are many unique formulas and operation details in the middle. Douchi is a specialty of Yongning, with a history of more than 600 years.