What else can adjust the climate?

Regulating function of atmospheric composition

The rich plant communities in wetlands can absorb a lot of carbon dioxide gas and release oxygen. Some plants in wetlands also have the function of absorbing harmful gases in the air, which can effectively regulate the atmospheric composition. But at the same time, it must be noted that wetland habitats will also emit greenhouse gases such as methane and ammonia. Marsh has great biological production efficiency, and plants constantly absorb CO2 and other gases during the formation of organic matter. Especially some harmful gases. Oxygen in the swamp is rarely consumed in the decomposition of dead plant residues. Swamp can also absorb dust and various bacteria carried in the air, thus purifying the air. In addition, swamp sediments have great adsorption capacity, and sewage or industrial wastewater containing heavy metals can adsorb metal ions and harmful components through swamps.

Water regulation function

Wetlands play an important role in storing water, regulating river runoff, replenishing groundwater and maintaining regional water balance. It is a natural "sponge" for water storage and flood control. It can adjust the throughput of wetlands, distribute uneven precipitation in time and space, and avoid floods and droughts. Qilihai Wetland is an important flood storage and detention area in Tianjin coastal plain, with a safe flood storage depth of 3.5-4m.

Marsh wetland has the function of moistening climate and purifying environment, and is an important part of ecosystem. Most of them are negative landform types, with long-term water accumulation and dense plant growth, and there are intertwined residues under them. Submerged swamps generally have tens of centimeters of grass roots. The base is loose and porous, and has strong water-holding capacity, which can keep more than 3 ~ 15 times of its absolute dry weight. It can not only send water back to the atmosphere through plant transpiration and water evaporation, but also increase air humidity, adjust precipitation and play a good role in the natural circulation of water. According to experimental research, one hectare of swamp can evaporate 74 15 tons of water in the growing season, which shows its great role in regulating climate.