What is the focus of the first volume of seventh grade history?

1. Yuanmou, the earliest known human in China, was about1700,000 years ago. They already know that whether they can make tools with fire is the fundamental difference between people and animals. They live in groups. ?

In the cave of Zhoukoudian in southwest Beijing, Beijingers happened about 700,000 to 200,000 years ago. They retained some features of apes and were able to make and use tools. They will use natural fire and save the kindling. They live in groups. ?

Neanderthals lived in the Peking man activity area about 30 thousand years ago. They mainly used beaten stone tools, but also ground stone tools, and mastered the drilling technology. They made artificial fires, lived by gathering and hunting, fished and exchanged daily necessities in distant places.

They have sewed clothes with bone needles, know how to love beauty, and will be buried after death. They live in a clan commune linked by blood ties. They look basically the same as modern people.

4. The primitive farming life of Hemudu: About 7,000 years ago, the primitive residents of Hemudu vividly demonstrated the primitive farming scene in the Yangtze River basin. They use grinding stone tools, cultivate land and grow rice. They live in a dry house and live a stable life.

They dig wells, raise livestock, make pottery, make simple jade articles and primitive musical instruments. China is the first country in the world to grow rice. ?

5. Life of Banpo aborigines: In banpo village, near Xi, Shaanxi Province, the ruins of primitive farming villages about five or six thousand years ago were discovered. They usually use grinded stone tools, open up land with grinded stone tools and wooden shovels, and harvest crops with stone knives.

The main grain is millet. Raising pigs, dogs and other animals, hunting and fishing with bone arrows, harpoons and hooks. They live in a semi-basement house and can make colorful painted pottery. There are some descriptive symbols on pottery, which scholars believe are the embryonic form of early Chinese characters. They already know how to weave and make clothes. ?

6. The original inhabitants of Dawenkou: The inhabitants of Dawenkou, Shandong Province, had made great progress in their farming economy about four or five thousand years ago, and their farmers had grinded out stone sickles and hoes. At the same time, due to the development of productive forces, private property and polarization between the rich and the poor have emerged.

7, Yanhuang Zhanchiyou: About four or five thousand years ago, there were many tribes living in the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin in China. Yan Di and Huangdi are tribal leaders in the Yellow River valley, and there is a powerful Chiyou tribe in the east. Together, they defeated Chiyou in the East in Zhuolu. Yan Di formed an alliance with the Yellow Emperor, forming the Chinese nation in the future. ?

8. Achievements of the Yellow Emperor: According to legend, the Yellow Emperor built palaces, made clothes, taught people to dig wells, and invented boats and cars, which laid the foundation for later generations. Lei Zu invented sericulture and silk reeling, Cang Xie invented writing, and Linglun invented music. Later generations revered the Yellow Emperor as "the ancestor of mankind". Today, overseas Chinese often proudly call themselves "descendants of the Yellow Emperor".

9. The demise of Yao Shunyu: According to legend, after the Yellow Emperor, the outstanding tribal alliance leaders in the Yellow River Basin of China were Yao, Shun and Yu. Yao lives a simple life, self-denial and love for the people; Be generous to others and set an example; In the rate of water conservancy, 13 years, three into the house but not into.

Legend has it that Yao was old and chose Shun as his successor, and Shun gave way to Yu in the same way. This method of electing tribal alliance leaders is called "abdication" in history. ?

10, the establishment of the Xia Dynasty: About 2070 BC, Yu established the Xia Dynasty, which was the first dynasty in the history of China. Yu also changed from the leader of the tribal alliance to the king of the slave country. ?

What is the significance of Yao Shunyu's abdication?

(1) Essence: It is a democratic way to elect tribal alliance leaders in primitive society. ?

(2) Performance: First, a new tribal leader is democratically elected through the tribal alliance meeting. Second, the elected tribal alliance leader has no privilege.

Thirdly, from the elected leader, I realized Yao's frugal life, which shows that he is equal to ordinary clan members in life; Shun's example shows that candidates should have both ability and political integrity; The meritorious service in water control shows that it is his responsibility and obligation to serve the masses.