What are the 24 significant solar terms?

Twenty-four solar terms are a special creation of ancient astronomy and meteorology in China, and they are the experience summed up by working people in long-term practice. It reflects the natural phenomena such as the changes of four seasons, cold and warm weather, precipitation and phenological signs on the earth.

For thousands of years, solar terms have greatly promoted the development of agricultural production in China.

Some solar terms have touching stories. For example, Tomb-Sweeping Day is related to Zhong Er in Jin Wengong. Jin Wengong experienced many difficulties when he was a child. In order to escape the harm of his stepmother, he lived in exile for 19 years and was desperate several times. Once, when there was no food, a minister named Jiezitui lived in exile with him. He once reluctantly cut a large piece of meat from his thigh to satisfy Zhong Er's hunger, so as to tide over the difficulties. But later, when Zhong Er returned to China and became a monarch, he forgot the meson of "dividing shares into kings" when he rewarded meritorious ministers!

Jiezitui did not argue for unfair treatment, but quietly led his old mother out of Beijing and went to Mianshan, Shanxi Province to live in seclusion. Soon, Jin Wengong remembered the merits of meson push, but he was nowhere to be seen. He sighed repeatedly in frustration: "It's all my fault." After several months of investigation, I learned the whereabouts of meson push, so Jin Wengong went to Mianshan personally.

However, the mountains are high and the forests are dense, and Jin Wengong still has no clue after searching for a long time. Jiezitui has always refused to come out of the mountain. When Jin Wengong was embarrassed, someone had a bad idea, saying that if the master released Yamakaji, Jiezitui, who had always been filial to his mother, would come out for the sake of his mother's safety ... So, a big fire spread all over the mountain, and the mother and son didn't come out for three days and three nights. Later, it was found that mother and son were huddled together and burned to death under a big willow tree!

Jin Wengong regretted it and was very sad. In memory of this meritorious minister, he renamed Mianshan "Jieshan" and ordered that no fire should be made for cooking for one month (later changed to three days), and everyone could only eat cold food. Therefore, the day when the fire was lit (the fifth day of the third lunar month) was also called "Cold Food Festival", which gradually evolved into Tomb-Sweeping Day and became one of the 24 solar terms. To this day, Tomb-Sweeping Day is still an important traditional festival for China people to worship their ancestors, sweep graves and miss their ancestors.

There is a solar term song that summarizes the names and dates of 24 solar terms, which is convenient for people to remember: the spring rain shakes the spring and clears the valley, and the summer is full of mountains and summers; Autumn dew, autumn frost, little snow in winter and cold in winter. The two festivals are arranged every month, with a maximum difference of one or two days. The first half of the year is June 2 1 day, and the second half is August 23.

Spring is the first of the four seasons. "Biography of the Ram": "What is spring, the beginning of a year."

"One day in early spring, hundreds of herbs germinated." Standing is to see, and spring is to stir, which means that everything begins to live. Li also means Jane's.

The spring breeze blows and the rain gradually increases. "Spring rain is as expensive as oil", and the wind begins in spring, but those who plant trees must have water, and rainwater is beneficial to agricultural production.

Sting, spring thunder, disturbed snakes and insects living underground. Most parts of China are entering the busy season of spring ploughing.

At the vernal equinox, "Yin and Yang are in half phase, so it is hot and cold day and night". At this time, the overwintering crops in most parts of China entered the spring growth stage. Central China agricultural proverb: "Wheat starts at the vernal equinox, and every moment is worth a thousand dollars."

Qingming means bright and clean. In most parts of China, the climate is warm and the vegetation germinates, which has changed the cold scene of hay in winter not long ago. Spring is the season of sowing and emergence of crops all over the south of the Yangtze River.

Spring goes to summer, "summer is also a holiday, forgive everything and grow up healthily." It shows that the rising temperature promotes the growth and development of everything.

Long summer is full of summer, the south is already the scene of early summer, and the north is also a catkin to send spring. Cherry, loquat and plum in the south of the Yangtze River are listed, which is exactly the "hoe everywhere in the long summer and three dynasties".

Xiaoman, "Everything grows to a hoe and is full." Wheat and other crops bear many full fruits. At this time, the summer hot crops in northern China gradually matured, and the summer sowing and summer harvest season began in the south.

The awns are planted in the valley with awns. When the wheat and rape are ripe, they begin to harvest, and then they are busy sowing, transplanting and farming.

Summer solstice, which means extreme, is the limit point of direct sunlight to the north, with the longest day and the shortest night. At this time, crops grow vigorously, weeds, pests and diseases breed and spread, and field management needs to be strengthened. It is "cotton and grass in summer solstice are better than poisonous snake bites"

It's a little hot, "hot, hot." It's a slight summer heat, although it's hot, but it's not to the extreme. Most areas of China have entered the high temperature season, and agriculture is busy with the field management of summer and autumn crops.

Great summer, "extremely hot", is the hottest solar term in a year. "Summer is in the dog days" refers to the period from mid-July to mid-August in the solar calendar. The hot summer is just around the midsummer, which is often the hottest period of the year in most parts of China, and also the fastest growing period of warm crops such as rice and corn.

As soon as the summer in Qiu Lai is over, the ancient book says that "autumn is successful, everything is successful", and the crops sown in spring are about to be harvested.

In early autumn, when autumn comes, the temperature begins to drop. After hard spring planting and summer sowing, a bumper harvest is in sight. There is a bumper harvest of early rice in Central China, and late rice is also busy with transplanting and management.

In summer, the word "out" means rest. At this time, the summer heat gradually receded or stopped, the temperature in most parts of China gradually dropped, and crops began to turn from green to yellow.

White dew, the weather began to turn cold, and the low-level water vapor condensed into shining dew on the grass.

The autumnal equinox, "the yin and yang are moderate, and the autumn is halfway through", is the time when day and night are equal, showing a golden autumn scene.

Cold dew, white dew is colder, the weather is colder, and the dew is colder. At this time, the weather in most parts of our country is cool, and autumn harvest and autumn planting.

The first frost, "qi stagnation and condensation, dew is frost." Around the first frost, the Yellow River basin began to frost, and the southern region was busy harvesting autumn seeds.

Winter is coming, and winter is the end of the four seasons. "In winter, at last, everything is collected."

In early winter, this is winter, and the weather is colder. The area north of the Yellow River basin began to freeze, and insects were dormant underground. Capital construction of farmland water conservancy was carried out in various places.

Light snow, "cold will snow", at this time, the sky began to snow, trees withered, and the scenery was bleak.

Snow is falling, rain and snow are falling, and the earth is covered with silver. The big ones are also prosperous, and the snow here is even worse. "Xue Rui is a good year."

On the solstice of winter, the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn, and the night is the longest and the day is the shortest in the northern hemisphere. "It's freezing for nine days", which is counted from the day of winter solstice. Every nine days, from "September 19" to "September 9", ***8 1 day.

Slight cold, the weather is sudden, but it is not extremely cold. The slight cold is on March 9, and it is cold on March 9. Cold weather often occurs at this time. Most parts of our country have entered a period of severe cold.

Great cold, extremely cold. "Rome was not built in a day." Speaking of severe cold, it's even colder. At this time, most parts of our country are the coldest period of the year.