Knowledge points of geography, weather and climate of junior middle school students

Topographic maps with different scales have different specific uses. The following is what I sorted out, hopin

Knowledge points of geography, weather and climate of junior middle school students

Topographic maps with different scales have different specific uses. The following is what I sorted out, hoping to help everyone.

one

1. During the day, the highest temperature appears at 2 pm, and the lowest temperature appears around sunrise.

2. In a year, the temperature in the northern hemisphere is the highest in July and the lowest in 1 month. The ocean is the highest in August and the lowest in February, and the opposite is true in the southern hemisphere; Temperature annual range refers to the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in a year.

3. The horizontal distribution of temperature is represented by isotherm diagram. Where the isotherm is dense, the temperature difference is large; Where the isotherm is sparse, the temperature difference is small, and the isotherm is _ closed _ shaped. If the center temperature is low, it means _ low temperature _ center.

4. From the equator to the poles, the temperature gradually decreases; The reason for the change is that different latitudes receive different amounts of sunlight and heat.

5. In the same latitude zone, the land temperature is high and the ocean temperature is low in summer. Winter is the opposite.

6. In mountainous areas, the temperature gradually decreases with the elevation. According to observation, the temperature drops by about 0.6℃ for every rise of 100 meter.

7. The hottest place in the world is Africa and the coldest place is Antarctica.

two

The equatorial rainy climate is near the equator, the tropical desert climate is on the west coast of the mainland near the Tropic of Cancer, the Mediterranean climate is on the west coast of the mainland at 30 ~ 40 north latitude, and the temperate maritime climate is on the west coast of the mainland at 40 ~ 60 north latitude.

The arrangement of climate types from equator to poles on the west coast of the mainland;

Rainforest climate-savanna climate-tropical desert climate-Mediterranean climate-temperate maritime climate-polar climate

Shandong province belongs to temperate monsoon climate, which is characterized by high temperature and rainy summer and cold and dry winter.

Factors affecting climate _ latitude, land and sea, topography.

Most of the annual precipitation around the equator is above _2000_ mm; The change law of annual precipitation from equator to poles is that precipitation decreases gradually; Near the tropic of cancer, the difference of annual precipitation between the east coast and the west coast of the mainland is that the east coast is rainy and the west coast is rainy; The most abundant precipitation area in the world is in Chilapenchi, India, and the poorest area is in the Atacama Desert in South America.

three

1, weather describes the atmospheric conditions such as sunny, rainy, cold and hot in a short time, which is constantly changing; The weather in different places at the same time may change greatly.

2. Climate is the average weather condition of a place for many years. The climate of a place has certain characteristics and is generally stable.

3. Precipitation probability is the probability of precipitation; The wind direction is the direction in which the wind blows; Wind power is the strength of the wind; Temperature is how hot or cold the atmosphere is.

4. White indicates cloudy and rainy areas. The whiter the white, the thicker the clouds, and the greater the probability of precipitation. Blue represents the ocean and green represents the land.