What role does wetland environment play in climate? From an ecological point of view, thank you for your help.

1) Water supply: Wetlands are often used as water sources for domestic use, industrial production and agricultural irrigation. Streams, rivers, ponds and lakes all contain water that can be used directly. Other wetlands, such as peat swamp forests, can be used as water sources for shallow wells.

(2) Replenishing groundwater: Most of the water we usually use is mined from underground, and wetlands can replenish groundwater. The water from the wetland to the aquifer can become a part of the groundwater system and provide water for the production of workers and peasants in the surrounding areas. If the wetland is destroyed or disappeared, it will be unable to supply water to the groundwater, and the groundwater resources will be reduced.

(3) Regulating and controlling flood: Wetland is a huge reservoir, which can store heavy rain and excessive precipitation in flood season, release runoff evenly and weaken the flood that harms downstream, so protecting wetland means protecting natural water storage system.

(4) Revetment and windproof: Various plants grow in the wetland. These wetland vegetation can resist the influence of waves, typhoons and storms and prevent coastal erosion. At the same time, their roots can fix and stabilize river banks and coasts and protect industrial and agricultural production along the coast. Without wetlands, the coast and river bank will be destroyed by waves.

(5) Removal and transformation of poisons and impurities: Wetlands help to slow down the water flow. When running water containing poisons and impurities (pesticides, domestic sewage and industrial discharge) passes through the wetland, its speed slows down, which is beneficial to the precipitation and removal of poisons and impurities. In addition, some wetland plants such as reeds and water lilies can effectively absorb toxic substances. In real life, many wetlands can be used as small-scale domestic sewage treatment plants to improve water quality.

(6) Preserving nutrients: When running water flows through the wetland, the nutrients contained in it are absorbed by wetland vegetation or accumulated in wetland mud layer, thus purifying the downstream water source. The nutrients in the wetland feed fish, shrimp, trees, wild animals and wetland crops.

(7) Prevention of salt water intrusion: Fresh water flowing from marshes, rivers, streams and other wetlands limits the supply of seawater, and Yan 'an vegetation also helps to prevent tidal water from flowing into rivers. However, if vegetation is destroyed due to excessive extraction or drainage of dry and wet land, the flow of fresh water will be reduced, and seawater can invade rivers in large quantities, reducing the fresh water supply for people's lives, industrial and agricultural production and ecosystems.

(8) Providing available resources: Wetlands can provide us with a variety of products, including wood, medicinal materials, animal leather, meat and eggs, fish and shrimp, grass, fruits, reeds and so on. , and can also provide hydropower, peat firewood and other energy utilization.

(9) Maintain microclimate: Wetlands can affect microclimate. The water in the wetland turns into steam through evaporation, and then falls to the surrounding areas in the form of precipitation, thus maintaining the local humidity and rainfall and affecting the lives of local people and industrial and agricultural production.