How many sensors are there in the car and where are they located?

1. Engine coolant level sensor This sensor is located on the coolant expansion tank cover. When the engine coolant level drops, turn on the alarm indicator. This switch is usually closed. 2. Engine coolant temperature sensor This sensor is located on the coolant expansion tank cover. The resistance of the temperature sensor changes in direct proportion to the coolant temperature, and the sensor sends an adjustment signal to the instrument panel to operate the instrument. The engine coolant temperature is displayed on the instrument panel in the form of display bars, and the highest temperature can reach 12 bar, each bar represents 5 ~ 6 degrees Celsius. When the engine is cold (the temperature is lower than 56 degrees Celsius), only 1 is displayed in the display bar. When the engine is at normal operating temperature, the display bar displays 10 at most; When the engine temperature is too high and the number of display units increases from 1 1 to 12, the alarm indicator on the dashboard will light up and give an alarm. This alarm is very important. 3. Engine oil pressure sensor This sensor is located on the stone side of the engine block and is a normally closed switch. The resistance of the sensor changes in direct proportion to the engine oil pressure, and there is a voltage control instrument with mediation signal in the instrument group. The alarm pressure depends on the engine speed. When the engine speed is less than 500 rpm, the switch is closed. Under the following circumstances, turn on the switch, and turn on the alarm broadcast light to give an alarm while the oil pressure display bar is minimized: 1) When the engine speed is 500 ~ 1500 r/min and the oil pressure is lower than 60kPa; 2) When the engine speed1500 ~ 2000rpm and the oil pressure is lower than 1 10kPa; 3) Engine speed is 2. In addition, there are other sensors depending on the model. 4. Collision sensor, rainfall sensor (the wiper can work automatically when it rains), light sensor and ambient temperature sensor. 5. The air flow sensor converts the inhaled air into an electrical signal and sends it to the electronic control unit (ECU), which is one of the basic signals to determine the fuel injection. According to the different measuring principles, it can be divided into four types: rotary vane air flow sensor (Toyota Previa station wagon), Carmen vortex air flow sensor (Toyota Lexus LS400 car), hot wire air flow sensor (VG30E engine for Nissan Maxima, TJ648 1AQ4 engine for Volvo B230F for domestic Tianjin Sanfeng bus) and hot film air flow sensor. The first two are volume flow type and the last two are mass flow type. At present, hot-wire air flow sensor and hot-film air flow sensor are mainly used. 6. Intake pressure sensor The intake pressure sensor can measure the absolute pressure in the intake manifold according to the load state of the engine, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the computer together with the speed signal: 3231313353236313431303231363. This kind of pressure sensor is used in domestic Audi 100 car (V6 engine), Santana 2000 car, Beijing Cherokee (25L engine) and Toyota Crown 3.0 car. At present, the semiconductor piezoresistive intake pressure sensor is widely used. Throttle position sensor The throttle position sensor is installed on the throttle to detect the opening of the throttle. It is linked with the throttle through the lever mechanism, and then reflects the different working conditions of the engine. This sensor can detect different working conditions of the engine, and then input it into ECU to control different fuel injection quantity. There are three types of throttle position sensors (Santana 2000 and Tianjin Sanfeng Bus), linear variable resistance throttle position sensor (Beijing Cherokee) and comprehensive throttle position sensor (domestic Audi 100 V6 engine). 7. Crankshaft position sensor, also known as crank angle sensor, is the most important sensor in computer-controlled ignition system. Its function is to detect the top dead center signal, crank angle signal and engine speed signal, and input them into the computer, so that the computer can issue the best ignition time instruction according to the ignition sequence of cylinders. There are three kinds of crankshaft position sensors: electromagnetic pulse crankshaft position sensor, Hall effect crankshaft position sensor (Santana 2000 and Beijing Cherokee) and photoelectric effect crankshaft position sensor. Different types of crankshaft position sensors have different control modes and control accuracy. Crankshaft position sensors are generally installed on one side of crankshaft pulley or sprocket, some are installed at the front end of camshaft, and some are installed on distributor (Santana 2000). 8. Knock sensor The knock sensor is installed on the cylinder block of the engine to monitor the knock of the engine at any time. At present, there are * * * vibration modes and non-* * vibration modes. 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