Twenty-four-day exercise is known as the fifth invention of China, but what period was it used?

"Twenty-four solar terms" was approved to be included in the UNESCO representative list of human intangible cultural heritage. This shows that the international community attaches importance to protecting the intangible cultural heritage of traditional knowledge and practice, and integrating culture into the sustainable development of society, economy and environment is of great significance to promoting the development of human cultural diversity.

The crystallization of thousands of years of wisdom of the Chinese nation.

The spring rain shakes the spring and clears the valley, and the summer is full of mountains and summers. Autumn dew, autumn frost, little snow in winter and cold in winter. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, China formulated four solar terms, namely, midsummer, midsummer, midsummer and midsummer. By the Qin and Han Dynasties, the "twenty-four solar terms" had been completely established.

Folklore expert Liu said that in the past, people often said that our calendar was the lunar calendar. In fact, we are a combination of yin and yang, and the "24 solar terms" are part of the solar calendar. By observing the annual movement of the sun, we can understand the knowledge system and social practice formed by the changing laws of seasons, climate and phenology in a year.

"The formation of climate is mainly influenced by the sun, followed by factors such as the differential distribution of land and sea topography." Zhou Bing, chief climate service officer of the National Climate Center, said.

"Twenty-four solar terms" objectively reflect seasonal and climate changes, and are the signs of phenological changes and seasonal order in China. Its formation and development are closely related to the development of agricultural production in China.

"The success of applying for the World Heritage is the recognition of the law of rain and heat movement summed up by the Chinese nation for thousands of years." Yan, director of the Institute of Science, Technology and Social Development of Nanjing Agricultural University, said that for thousands of years, the "24 solar terms" have played an important practical role in guiding China's production and life. "

"Spring blossoms, and the rain is busy to send fertilizer." In a civilized farming society, our ancestors used the characteristics of the natural environment to plow in spring, harvest in summer and store in winter.

"Twenty-four solar terms" originated in the Yellow River basin, reflecting the unique climate characteristics of China. "Affected by the warm and humid air flow in the Pacific Ocean and the cold air in northern Siberia, the climate in China is characterized by four distinct seasons and the same season of rain and heat." Yan said that the "24 solar terms" mainly guide the agricultural production in the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin in China.

As the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation, the "24 solar terms" have also deeply influenced East Asian countries. Korea and Japan have many customs similar to our country.

Important coordinates of modern life

It is snowing all over the sky outside, and the fruits and vegetables in the house are fragrant ... With the development of science and technology, the ability of human beings to transform and utilize nature has been enhanced, and protective agriculture and greenhouse fruits and vegetables have made us no longer strictly restricted by solar terms.

"However, agricultural production should be based on the use of nature. The characteristics of rain and heat changes and monsoon changes in China's land have not changed, and the' 24 solar terms' still play a basic guiding role in current production and life. " Yan said.

In agricultural production, we still follow many agricultural proverbs to adjust our rest and work, such as "No sowing in spring, no harvest in autumn", "No rain in long summer, plough upside down" and "Planting melons and beans before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day", which are still important coordinates in our production and life.

In some places today, there are still activities related to solar terms. Qingming is both a solar term and a festival. It is not only a festival for people to pay homage to their ancestors, but also a spring ceremony to hike, get close to nature and spur new life. In some places, the winter solstice is still regarded as a festival, for example, Sanmen Festival in winter, the first first frost Festival of Zhuang nationality and the Mid-Autumn Festival of Miao nationality.

"Twenty-four solar terms" and related activities are of great significance to uniting the nation and the unity of man and nature, and are an important carrier of Chinese cultural identity.

Modern health care pays more attention to solar terms, such as "March 8th, eating bean sprouts", "nourishing yang in spring and summer, nourishing yin in autumn and winter", "treating winter diseases in summer" and so on.

"Twenty-four solar terms" entered the primary school curriculum and became the time coordinate to cultivate children's cognition of all things in nature. Only by following these laws can people live in harmony with nature.

Inheriting and revitalizing the written heritage.

In the field of international meteorology, the time cognition system of "24 solar terms" is known as "the fifth invention of China".

Experts believe that this time, as a masterpiece of mankind, it not only shows that it is a symbol of China people's cultural identity, but also China's cultural contribution to the whole mankind. It is of great significance to promote the development of human cultural diversity.

Ethan, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Art, said that the farming experience generated by the "24 solar terms" was passed down by rural society in the process of practice. Therefore, an important task after the successful bid is to land the project as soon as possible-let the real inheritor play a role to show the social benefits of the project's own application.

The relevant person in charge of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Department of the Ministry of Culture said that the inheritance and protection of the "24 solar terms" has a long way to go and will take this as a new starting point. In accordance with the established protection plan, we will actively implement a series of protection measures with relevant communities, groups and individuals, earnestly fulfill various obligations and responsibilities, and let more countries, communities, groups and individuals know and understand the "24 solar terms" knowledge system and its practical activities.

At the same time, create conditions to ensure that relevant communities and groups play an important role in protection, attract more young people to join the ranks of inheritance and protection, stimulate their enthusiasm and consciousness, and make the important cultural heritage of "24 solar terms" glow with new vitality in contemporary social and cultural life.