A brief comment on the theory of rural construction

Starting with understanding and solving China's social problems, Theory systematically expounds Liang Shuming's thoughts on the relationship between China's social transformation and rural education, which is profound in theory. On the one hand, his thought of taking the countryside as the cultural foundation of China, as well as his thought of transforming the organizational structure of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, cultivating new ethics and building new customs and habits through educational means, reflects his rather conservative attitude towards the social and political foundation of China Confucianism, which is based on the small-scale farmers' natural economic families and family ties, although he tried to realize the modern transformation of society through cultural transformation. Attaching importance to group organization, inculcating new scientific and technological knowledge and building new ethics, but ultimately failing to realize that the nature of China society has undergone fundamental changes, ignoring the existence of social classes and class struggles, failing to realize that the main problem of farmers in China is the land problem, failing to realize that farmers' poverty, ignorance and backwardness are caused by the social system, and failing to realize the potential revolutionary forces hidden by farmers when solving specific problems. Hoping on a few intellectuals, especially educators, has prevented farmers from becoming social subjects participating in social changes. Therefore, the book theory reveals the particularity of China culture more than the universality and inevitability of China's social revolution, and it is ultimately an ideological proposition of social improvement.

However, the academic value of the theory is undeniable. First of all, we must affirm that the theory of rural construction emphasizes the identity of cultural model and educational model in theory. Starting from the cultural characteristics of China and the cultural essence of people and society, this paper analyzes and discusses the causes of China's social backwardness and the ways to save it, and expounds the basic principles of rural construction from the perspective of cultural sociology and social transformation education, so as to provide new theories and methods for observing and solving problems in China's cultural transformation and social education transformation. This is of reference value for exploring the construction of a cultural system with China characteristics. Secondly, the book On recognizes that the China issue must be extradited to the modern industrialized society through the transformation of the agricultural society, and the road of comprehensive social construction must be opened up by means of modern education, based on rebuilding people's subjectivity and cultural nationality, awakening national consciousness, fully mobilizing people's subjective initiative and moral strength, and being free from bullying and trampling in China. It should be said that it is of positive significance to unite the free, loose, powerless, ignorant and poor farmers in the vast rural areas, organize cooperatives and new groups, and form national cohesion through the education of traditional culture, so as to invigorate the spirit, transform the society and carry out national self-help in construction of the village. In addition, the book On discusses the function, nature and particularity of China's education from the perspective of rural construction, thus forming a set of theories on rural education, which has important academic value for the construction of China's educational theory and the rural education movement at that time. Some viewpoints still have reference value and significance today.