How long is China's land boundary

The length of China's land boundary is more than 20,000 kilometers. China has the longest land boundary and the largest number of neighboring countries in the world, as well as one of the most complicated border situations.

The total length of its land borders is more than 22,000 kilometers, and it shares borders with 14 countries in counterclockwise order: North Korea, Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnam***.

Expanded Information

The demarcation of national boundaries is generally of the following two types:

One type of boundary is a natural boundary, also known as a natural border. Often, natural entities are used as markers to delineate the border, including rivers, lakes, mountains and so on. In the past, natural boundaries were considered to have defensive value; modern warfare has made mountains, deserts, swamps, forests, and rivers less and less useful for defense.

1. If a country is bounded by a river, it is usually divided by the centerline of the main channel. However, rivers are prone to change their course as floods and dry water change. In addition, the plains river has the phenomenon of assault, but also prone to disputes. The Rio Grande between the U.S. and Mexico has been the subject of many disputes due to changes in its course. When determining the boundaries of rivers, navigable rivers are delineated from the middle of the main channel; for non-navigable rivers, the middle line between the banks is the boundary.

The Oder River is the border between Germany and Poland; the Danube River is the border between Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia, Czech Republic and Hungary; the Yalu River and the Tumen River are the borders between China and North Korea; the Rio Grande River is the border between the United States and Mexico; the La Plata River is the border between Argentina and Uruguay; and the Heilongjiang River is the border between China and Russia.

2, the lake as a boundary, lakes have both transportation and isolation, but also the natural object of the division of national boundaries. Delineation of lake boundaries is from the two sides of the lake to the center point of the two countries are equally divided. The Great Lakes are the national boundaries of the United States and Canada.

The Lake Titicaca is the border between Peru and Bolivia; Lake Victoria is the border between Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Lake Tanganyika is the border between Tanzania, Zambia, Zaire, Burundi; Lake Geneva is the border between France and Switzerland, etc.?

3. Those bounded by mountain ranges are usually divided according to the mountain range watershed. The mountain range as a national boundary is highly isolated and poorly accessible. At present, the use of caves to build railroads or highways has also strengthened communication between the two countries. Mountains are difficult to attack and easy to defend, and have an important defense value. If the top of the mountain is the same as the watershed, it is easy to demarcate the boundaries of the mountain range, but if there is a difference between the two, it is easy to cause disputes.

For example, when the border between Argentina and Chile was demarcated, Argentina advocated the use of the main ridge line, while Chile advocated the use of the watershed line to demarcate the border, and disputes arose due to the disagreement between the two countries. The Alps are the national boundaries of Switzerland, Italy and France; the Himalayas are the national boundaries of India, Nepal, Bhutan and China; and the Pyrenees are the national boundaries of Spain and Portugal.

4. For those who use the sea as a boundary, the sea is convenient for transportation and has great isolation. Between the territorial sea and the open sea is conducive to the establishment of national boundaries. For example, the Korea Strait is the national boundary of Japan and Korea; the Strait of Dover is the national boundary of Britain and France, etc.

The second type of boundary is man-made boundary. These boundaries are divided into geometric, mathematical and cultural boundaries.

1. Geometric borders are straight lines drawn from one fixed point to another on the border. Many countries in Africa have used this method to draw their borders. This was caused by the invasion of Western colonialists to divide Africa.

Because topographical measurements were incomplete at the time, the colonialists used rulers on maps to delineate the boundaries of the colonies in order to facilitate the conclusion of deals, thus creating the straight-line boundaries that characterize many countries in Africa.

2. Mathematical boundaries, also known as astronomical boundaries, are based on latitude and longitude on a map as the basis for drawing national boundaries. For example, the United States and Canada's Central District border is the 49th parallel.

3, cultural boundaries, is to human factors as the main object of consideration to delimit a kind of national boundaries. Some according to the distribution of nationalities to delimit; some according to national beliefs and religious areas to delimit. For example, the border between India and Pakistan is to ethnic distribution to divide.

4, history due to war or other reasons, the national boundaries of several changes, some countries disappeared on the map (such as the German Democratic **** and the country), some new countries appeared on the map (such as the former Soviet Union, the various **** and the country), some of the original region did not have independence, and later became an independent country. As a result, the map of the world's political regions changed several times before it developed into the world's political regions of today.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Country Boundaries