What are the customs and festivals in Liuzhou?

Liuzhou City, also known as "Dragon City", is an ancient city with a history of 2,100 years, is now a municipality in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with jurisdiction over five districts and two counties (Liujiang County and Liucheng County), covering a total area of more than 5,200 square kilometers, with an urban area of more than 650 square kilometers, and is a multi-ethnic city inhabited by Han Chinese, and one of the hometowns of overseas Chinese in Guangxi. one of the hometowns of overseas Chinese in Guangxi, and the hometown of Li Ning, the prince of gymnastics, Xie Saike, the world champion of table tennis, Wang Zheng, the famous literary scholar, and Liu Sanjie, the legendary singing fairy. The city has a total population of 1.75 million, of which 880,000 are in the urban area.

Liuzhou is an important transportation hub and regional economic center in central and southwestern China, the largest industrial base in Guangxi, is the pilot city of the national urban comprehensive economic system reform, science and education in the city of advanced cities, sanitation cities, advanced cities in gardening and greening, comprehensive environmental improvement of excellent cities and civilized cities in Guangxi, is a famous historical and cultural city, the national class A tourist city, in 1991, the comprehensive economic strength of the city ranked China's top 50, the first in China's top 50, the first in China's top 50 cities. In 1991, Liuzhou ranked 27th among the top 50 cities in China in terms of comprehensive economic strength, and 18th among 187 cities in China in terms of economic and social development level. In 1997, Liuzhou's GDP was 16.35 billion yuan.

Liuzhou City is located in latitude 23°54'-24°50' north, 108°14'-109°45' east, located in the middle of Guangxi, China, is located in the Pearl River Basin, the middle reaches of the Liujiang River in the West River system, 150 kilometers away from the northeast of the world's most beautiful scenery of Guilin, southwest of Nanning, capital of Guangxi, 264 kilometers, from the Gulf of Tonkin, the neighboring country of Vietnam, more than 300 kilometers.

Liuzhou has a subtropical monsoon climate with favorable temperature, abundant rainfall, abundant daylight and evergreen seasons, with an average annual temperature of 20.5℃, an average annual rainfall of more than 1,400 millimeters, an average annual sunshine of more than 1,600 hours, and a frost-free period of more than 300 days.

Liuzhou has land resources of 530,000 hectares, forests of 53,000 hectares, forests of fir, pine, camphor, maple, lotus, toon, etc. dozens of species, there are abundant hydropower resources, has been proved to have the value of mining minerals: manganese, aluminum, tungsten, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, talcum, gypsum, limestone, marble, barite, and rare metals nearly 30 kinds.

Liuzhou is rich in rice, corn, sugarcane, peanuts, cassava, oleander, hemp and other food and cash crops, there are more than 120 varieties of vegetables, and more than 20 kinds of fruits, including citrus, oranges, grapefruit, longan, pears, peaches, plums, persimmons, chestnuts, guavas and so on.

Liuzhou has rich cultural heritage and tourism resources. The city is characterized by "green mountains, beautiful water, strange caves, beautiful stones, lush forests and abundant grass", and the downtown area is surrounded by mountains and water, with the Liujiang River meandering through it, and "the river flow is like nine back and forth", which shows the "World's First Natural Bonsai "The city is surrounded by mountains and water, and the Liujiang River meanders through it. South China's ancient mankind "Liujiang people" cultural heritage site Bailian Cave, the rock building type cave is called China's first set of tourism, science in one of the cave science museum; Chinese film artist Zhao Dan entitled "world Du Le" Du Leyan Scenic Area, cave wonders, unique cave, stalactites, stalactites and stalactites, the world's first natural bonsai. There are other caves, stalactites in a thousand shapes and sizes, a magical scene, constituting the "Palace of Nature's Fantastic Art"; the fish mountain and the small dragon pool under the mountain are said to be the place where Liu Sanjie, the Song Immortal, sang and rode a fish to heaven; Liu Hou Park, which has the tomb of Liu Zongyuan, a literary artist and philosopher of the Tang Dynasty, and the Liu Hou Shrine, is a resort for nostalgia for the past. is a resort for nostalgia; Dalongtan Park, known as the "Oriental Wonders", with its charming lakes, mountains and simple minority villages full of rich ethnic flavor, makes visitors forget to come back; Arrow Plate Mountain Park, featuring the culture of strange stones, and Panglong Mountain Park, featuring the culture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties as well as the traditional culture of Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism, show the rich resources of strange stones and the deep-rooted cultural heritage of Liuzhou. The rich stone resources and profound history and culture of Liuzhou.

Ma'anshan Park in Liuzhou

Tourists can take the tourist ropeway cable car from Yufeng Mountain to Ma'anshan Park in the east. This mountain runs east-west, is 500 meters long and reaches up to two hundred and seventy meters above sea level, making it the highest mountain in the city. It juts out from east to west and is concave in the center, shaped like a saddle, hence its name. Anciently known as Tianma Mountain, because of the majestic stand on the river, much like the galloping horse whistling in the air, so there is "Tianma Tengkong" reputation, is one of the eight scenic spots in Liuzhou.

There are many attractions on the mountain, according to legend, the ancient Eight Immortals in the iron crutch Li and Lu Dongbin had played chess on this mountain, and so far there is still more than a foot of immortal footprints and chessboard stone on the mountain, which has become a "fairy game to pass the love on the horse", is a good place for travelers to play and enjoy the past generations. Throughout the ages, there have been many inscriptions by celebrities, and it is very interesting for tourists to visit the mountain and enjoy the poems.

Liuzhou Du Leyan

Du Leyan is located in the southeast of the city twelve kilometers of Du Le Village and named. From the city by nine buses **** can be directly to this karst cave landscape as the main body, with a strong idyllic scenery of the natural landscape garden park. It is twenty kilometers in circumference and consists of twelve mountain peaks, forty-six caves, two thousand one hundred acres of green space, a three-thousand-meter-long clear stream, four artificial lakes and a modern calligraphy monument forest.

The mountains here look like dragons and lions, like chickens and cats, like people and monkeys, and are very vivid; the trees are lush, and the peach blossoms and bauhinia blossoms in the spring are breathtakingly beautiful, while the sunflowers and bananas in the fall are colorful and attractive to tourists. Cave is known as "nature's fantasy art palace", currently open Panlong, Tongtian, Shuiyun, Leshou, four caves are connected to each other, the hole with a tour of more than 700 meters. The road in the cave is tortuous and deep. Cave stalactites, such as flowers and plants, like fish and birds, like animals, really a thousand different, magical and magnificent.

The famous attractions in the cave are: torch welcoming guests, Liujiang River put rows, South China Sea scenery, the morning sun of the mountain village, three sisters sing to the song, the fish jumped out of the window of the sky, the beasts haunted by the forest, DuLe waterfalls, etc., which makes people more than marveled after watching. Inside the cave is the paradise of the world, while outside the cave is the beauty of the earth. On the stone wall under the banyan tree in front of the mountain road, the four big words "World Du Le" are eye-catching and meaningful, which are the handwriting of famous artist Zhao Dan.

Liuzhou Coiled Dragon Mountain

Coiled Dragon Mountain, also known as Pagoda Mountain, on the east bank of the Liujiang River, it is horizontally listed in three peaks, standing near the river in the shape of coiled dragons, hence the name, has been built into a park. The main peak is 197 meters above sea level, the mountain is dangerous and elegant. Ming Dynasty in the mountains built Wang's Mountain House, Pangu Temple, Xu Xiake tour, the wonders of this place praised. In the Qing Dynasty, there was an ancient tower built on the mountain, which was later demolished.

In 1993, the original tower in the original repair "Wenguang Tower", and the new "Panglong Tower", the two towers are hexagonal seven-story building, different styles, echo each other, each other as a backdrop, such as the double sword in the air, so " Coiling Dragon Pagoda" has become a famous landscape in Liuzhou. The park is divided into Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, ancient, local and other cultural districts, a strong religious color, attracting people from all directions, all day smoke and incense around. At night, from the Liujiang River Bridge looking east, the twin towers flashing lights, such as the stars gathered; tower in the river inverted shadow, such as a young girl whisking the sleeve, and the Liujiang River Wenhui Bridge of the Yingzi composed of a colorful night landscape map.

Yufeng Mountain in Liuzhou

Yufeng Mountain rises from the ground, standing majestically in the south bank of the Liujiang River in the downtown area of the Yu Feng Park, eighty-eight meters high. Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty called the mountain "small and high, its shape as a standing fish", so the name standing fish peak, also known as the stone fish mountain. The mountain is covered with green trees, Cuisong Pavilion, Guanshan Pavilion, Guanmei Pavilion and other ancient buildings are suitable for cloth. Hillside steep wall, stone carvings, the ancient book of "Liujiang pillar" four big words cliff carving strong and powerful. There are seven caves on the mountain, including Qingliangyuan, Jade Cave, Panshidong, Pure Yang Cave, Yinfeng Cave, Katydidan, and Sanshiyan, which are connected with each other and known as "Lingtong Seven Orifices", and inside the caves, there are a lot of inscriptions praising this mountain by writers and scholars of all ages.

Xu Xiake came to visit the Ming Dynasty, praised: "is the mountain through the belly around the turn, hollow outside the reach, eight exquisite, that is, the Guilin caves are not often seen." Along the mountain road up the stairs, straight to the peak. People standing on top of the peak, eyes in all directions, Liuzhou city's magnificent scenery in the eyes. The southeast foot of the mountain there is a small dragon pool, pool surface is not large, but the pool water clarified cool, such as used to make tea and wine aroma, Liu Zongyuan had called "spiritual spring". This pool is formed by the emergence of groundwater, its water submerged into the cave at the foot of the mountain and injected into the Liuzhou, so the pool water and river water with the rise and fall.

From the southeast bank of the pool to look at the fish peaks, the peaks are like a carp leaping out of the pool, the pool light and mountain colors, reflecting each other, the scenery is spectacular, which is one of the eight scenic spots of Liuzhou, "South Pond Fish Leap". Legend has it that this is the place where the Zhuang singing fairy sang songs, so there are still sites such as "Three Sisters Rock", "Ma Lan Shi", "Song Ping" and so on. There is Liu Sanjie's alabaster statue on the mountain, and there is a group carving of men and women singing songs in the cave. In the small dragon pool south of the "stone play fine museum", the collection of more than a hundred varieties of more than 500 pieces of fine stone appreciation, it is worth the tourists to watch. The first tourist cableway located in the center of the city, connecting Yufeng Mountain and nearby Maanshan Mountain, provides great convenience for tourists.

Liuzhou Shengtang Mountain

Shengtang Mountain is located in the southern part of Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, and consists of seven lofty and majestic peaks over 1,600 meters above sea level. The main peak, Shengtang Deng, is 1979 meters above sea level, which is the first peak in Guizhong. Shengtang Mountain has a circumference of one hundred miles, and the peaks are covered in clouds and mists all year round, sometimes hidden and sometimes appearing, mysterious and unpredictable. Climbing to the top of the mountain, only to see the mountains stacked up, peaks such as bamboo shoots columns, stretching for dozens of miles, like a sea of tower forest halberds, magnificent. It is the main landscape: out of the cloud peak, the sea of clouds, glacier relics of stone river, stone sea, ancient stone wall, ten thousand acres of rhododendron forests, fog and rainbow phantom scenery, waterfalls and so on.

Out of the clouds in the peak at the top of the peaks, peaks south of the clouds from the peaks across, clouds over the peaks, the speed is very fast, gushing out, is called a spectacle. Tourists in this mountain top, in the flow of clouds and mist in the flow, there is a feeling of isotonic fairy.

Early in the morning, visitors stand on the hill overlooking, only to see dozens of miles of rolling peaks at the top of the clouds rolling, magnificent, the mountains in the sea of clouds as if the islands are hidden and appear. When the sun comes out, the clouds are encrusted with golden edges, and the sun is shining brightly.

The waterfalls of the Sacred Hall Mountain are mainly two side-by-side waterfalls, tens of meters high, the main stream was a burst of jet-like, roaring sound for miles away, it is abundant water, year-round. Next to the main stream there are several trickles, and the main stream. The waterfalls merge into one underneath, forming a pool a pool, clear and beautiful landscape.

The azalea forest is not unique to Shengtang Mountain, but the tens of thousands of acres connected to a piece, and a wide variety of species, is the Shengtang Mountain is different. The main trunk of the rhododendron here is short, fat and thick, the shape is primitive, simple and pale, and the flowers are brightly colored and magnificent. When the flowers are in bloom at the peak of the tourist season, tourists in the mountains on top of the azalea sea, will be happy, can not help it.

The northern slope of the Sacred Hall of the mountain, is the ancient glacial period of cold weathering so that the huge stone peaks disintegrated into the formation. In between there are huge blocks of stone, mostly oblique way polyhedron, prismatic neat but slightly chamfered. Most of the stone river, stone sea grow dense forest.

Fog and rainbow illusion, which refers to the sultry weather before the heavy rain, the sun radiation to the cold air over the mountains coalesced into the clouds, by the dense clouds in the fine small water droplets refraction, appeared to have a seven-colored as a rainbow illusion, unpredictable, magnificent and fascinating.

Liuzhou Longtan Park

Travelers through the foothills of Yufeng Mountain less than three kilometers to the south, you can reach the outskirts of the city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region level scenic spots - big Longtan. This is a combination of karst natural landscape, southern ethnic minority culture, subtropical karst plant landscape as one of the large-scale scenic excursion area, covering an area of 544 hectares, twice as large as the Summer Palace in Beijing. Dalongtan is divided into inner and outer pools, and the water is as clear as a mirror in all seasons, fresh and cool.

There are seven peaks surrounding the pool, known as the Seven Ladies Peak. There is a peak in the east, halfway up the mountainside, there is a penetrating round hole, visible blue sky, such as a mirror, and thus called the mirror mountain. Opposite it, is a small and delicate peaks rise up, as if a young girl standing, so it is called Beauty Peak. The two peaks opposite each other, constituting the famous "fairy mirror". Next to it is a quiet Acacia forest, there is a trail to the mirror lake.

Mirror Mountain side of the Mirror Lake is a large dragon pool as the source of the artificial lake, because the surface of the lake is calm as a mirror, will be the mountains and trees clearly reflected, so it is named. Lakeside forests and bamboos, winding paths, lake and mountain colors reflect each other. Big Dragon Lake was originally known as Leitang. It is said that there is a divine dragon living here, and it can produce thunder and rain. Liu Zongyuan was here to ask for rain for the people, leaving the "Leitang Prayer for Rain" has been passed down, and Zhang Chong, the right minister of the Ministry of the Army in the Ming Dynasty, resigned from his post and returned to Liu, and often went to Longtan to fish and rest.

There are also villages of southern ethnic minorities in the park, wind and rain bridges, visitors can take the dwarf horse coaches roaming the various ethnic villages, tasting snacks and ethnic dishes, to participate in and watch the Zhuang throwing embroidered balls, Yao shooting crossbows, Miao Lusheng stepping on the hall, Dong grabbing firecrackers, Buyei laughing wine and other choruses, the fun is endless.

Liuzhou "Liuzhou people" site

"Liuzhou people" site in Liuzhou City, sixteen kilometers southeast of the Tongtian Cave, not far from the White Lotus Cave. This is a long and narrow cave, the main cave is about one hundred and twenty meters long, there are many branches, there are two small halls in the middle of the room, is the cave owner's activities. 1958 September, eighteen meters away from the mouth of the cave, the discovery of the "Liuzhou people" skull fossils, so this has become a place of concern for Chinese and foreign anthropologists.

"Liuzhou Man" is a late Paleolithic Homo sapiens. They lived around 50,000 years ago and are the earliest modern humans found in China and throughout East Asia.

Liuzhou White Lotus Cave

Located 12 kilometers southeast of Liuzhou, White Lotus Cave is China's first comprehensive museum of cave science and research proposed by renowned anthropologist Prof. Fi Wenwen. It is a limestone cave with an area of 7,500 square meters, *** there are five holes, the main hall hole facing south, because there is a huge white stalactite in the center of the hole, shaped like a lotus bud and named. The meandering hole in the narrow path is more than 1870 meters long, along the way, there are ancient human life scenarios of restoration of more than a dozen groups of statues.

The cave is divided into six layers, each layer of stalactites, stalagmites, stalagmites, stone mantle colorful, strange and peculiar.

The cave is divided into six layers, each layer of stalactites, stalagmites, stalagmites, stone mantle is gorgeous, strange and strange stones, the bottom of the cave is a length of more than 370 meters of the underground river, the flow of the water is quiet, year-round, you can can canoeing. 1956 Professor Fei in the cavernous deposits, found fossilized animal bones, fossilized teeth, and stone tools, stone decorations, primitive sand sandwiched ceramic tablets, and other cultural relics, including the Late Paleolithic to the Early Neolithic period of this more than 30,000 years of culture, which in the country is rare.

In 1981, Professor Fi Wenwen inscribed Bailian Cave: "China can be the center of paleoanthropological research in the world, and Guangxi is the center of the center".

Liuzhou Goose Hill Park

Located in the west side of Liuzhou City, it is close to Liuzhou Railway Station. Goose Hill, the first peak of Liuzhou city, is one of the famous attractions of Liuzhou. The Tang Dynasty writer Liu Zongyuan had a five-character poem "Climbing Eshan in Liuzhou" passed down and recorded in the travel journal. Ancient people used to use "Goose Mountain and Willow Water" to summarize the landscape of Liuzhou. Goose Mountain is full of mysterious colors because of its unique and steep appearance. Goose Hill Park is named "Goose Hill Youth Park" in Liuzhou City, which is an ideal place for the youth to explore and play. The main attractions in the park are the gate of the goose, cable car, Goose Hill smiling Buddha, Liu Hou reading hole, wind and rain Pavilion, monkey face stone, Hilltop Observation Deck, Carp Jump Dragon Gate, rhinoceros looking at the moon, hear the flute Pavilion, Crown Pavilion, shooting range, the integrated world of playgrounds and so on.

Liuzhou Bird Mountain Park

Bird Mountain Park is a peninsula-shaped terrain, the terrain is high in the middle, surrounded by low, east, south and north of the edge of the lake are surrounded. The park is named after the mountain, and is a comprehensive park with natural landscape as its main feature. In the park, there is the imposing, steep and upright Bird's Nest Mountain, and from the foot of the mountain along the stone steps to the top of the mountain, you can see the chimneys of the Liu Bei Industrial Zone, factories are densely packed, a prosperous scene. Inside the park, there are lakes, mountains, bridges, pavilions, trees and trees, which make people intoxicated and forget to come back. Visitors to this, you can experience the "small sit half-time dust filtered out" of the charm of elegance. One of the garden in the garden "water Fresh Lan", "Journey to the West Art Palace" will make you endless fun. The largest "Water World Entertainment Center" is also located here. Shiyuyuan building, barbecue, rain corridor and other entertainment venues with ethnic characteristics for visitors to add endless fun. At present, the park is gradually developing into an interesting botanical park integrating amusement culture and science culture.

Liuzhou Minority Marriage Rites and Customs

The Zhuang

Intermarriage with Han Chinese and other ethnic groups is more common. Before the liberation, most of the marriages were arranged by their parents, and a few of them were free to love each other. After liberation, most of them practiced free love. The ways of free love include throwing embroidered balls, playing wooden grooves, catching up with songs, singing songs, and so on. Embroidery ball throwing is still popular in Du'an and Bama. Playing the wooden trough is the first young woman to hit the trough with a wooden stick, hit a variety of different sounds, a few women hit the wooden trough a few sticks after singing songs, many young men also took a wooden stick to the wooden trough to *** with the same knocking, every knock, everyone sings songs, expressing the joy of men and women's fun and feelings of adoration. Song pairing is also a kind of activity of young men and women of the Zhuang nationality to choose their spouses, to disclose their hearts through song pairing, to understand each other and to build up their feelings. But "choose a spouse according to the song" is not a one-time completion, but in the "song Wei" on the basis of the first intercourse, after a number of interactions with the development of feelings, only to be set for life.

Yao people

Generally, they do not intermarry with other ethnic groups. Yao men and women are free to fall in love before marriage, and generally young men and women build up their relationship through singing on festivals or other means, and get married with the consent of their parents. The custom of men going to the house of their family members is relatively common. Families without a boy often recruit a son-in-law, and some families with a boy also recruit a son-in-law, and in some Yao areas, they even "marry off" all the men and leave their daughters at home to recruit a son-in-law. Until now, son-in-laws are still quite common in Yao areas, and son-in-laws are respected by the society; daughters have the right to inherit property, and the feudalistic idea of "male superiority and female inferiority" is relatively thin. Uncle's rights are more prominent in some Yao areas. In some places, there is the custom of aunt-uncle marriage, where the daughter of the aunt must marry the son of the uncle, and only if the uncle has no son, or if the uncle's family doesn't want her to marry someone else, but the bride-price has to be collected by the uncle. Yao wedding is generally more simple, send the bride to marry, the bride generally walk or ride a horse to the man's home, the whole village men and women are to sing congratulations. The next day back to the door to live for a day, the third day that is to start laboring to establish a family. Aunt to the door, in addition to the matchmaker and two accompanying the groom escort, do not have to bring anything, only one person to go to the woman's home, the next day back to the door that is to live in the woman's home. Divorce is more strict. Widows are not discriminated against when they remarry. When brothers grow up and get married, they will be separated, and their parents are usually supported by their youngest son.

Miao, Dong

Men and women have relatively free love activities before marriage, through the "go Zhai", "go slope" and other forms of socialization, but also must be to the coal to say kisses, and parents agree to get married. In the past, after marriage, women were not allowed to leave their husbands' homes. The custom of "not leaving the husband's house" has mostly changed after liberation. It is more common for people to go to the house of a family member.

The Dong ethnic group can not be married to the same clan, popular aunt-uncle table marriage, prohibit aunt table marriage, heavy uncle right. Miao people are practicing the same clan not married, aunt and cousin brother and sister not married, not married to different ethnic groups, in the past there is "Miao not stained guest (Han)" said. After the liberation, national unity has been strengthened, and the number of intermarriages among different ethnic groups has been increasing. In the past, some Dong villages in the border areas of Hunan-Guizhou-Guizhou and Guizhou have retained the ancient marriage custom of "bride kidnapping". The way of "bride kidnapping" varies from place to place, basically both men and women voluntarily, on the night of the wedding, deliberately hide the bride, the male side will try to "snatch" the bride in the middle of the night, carry on the sedan chair, blowing triumphantly back. After the liberation of the new wedding custom has been carried forward, the Dong, Miao most of the wedding simple, generally couples love, family harmony. Dong people also have the custom of elopement, when a pair of lovers were opposed by the parents of either party, the two will flee to other places, the establishment of a small family, after a few months or a few years, to friends and relatives to the opposition of the parents to lobby against the opponents of the opponents? Wood has been boat", but also have to recognize, so the young couple will return to live in their hometown.