Screening method for neonatal diseases

Neonatal disease screening is a simple, rapid and cheap blood test. Through screening, we can find out whether the child has congenital genetic diseases at an early stage and treat them in time to make them grow up healthily. Although the incidence of some congenital metabolic diseases is very low, it will seriously affect intellectual development and lead to lifelong disability. It is impossible to make a diagnosis before birth, and there are no symptoms in the early postpartum period. However, once an abnormal situation occurs, the nervous system has been irreversibly damaged and the treatment opportunity has been lost. If we can check, find and treat early after birth, we can protect our children from harm and mental retardation.

The baby has normal development, health, normal intelligence and normal and stable genetic factors.

Clinical significance of neonatal disease screening;

Abnormal results: congenital metabolic diseases, disabilities, mental retardation, abnormal development and other diseases.

People who need to be examined: newborns.

Precautions for neonatal disease screening:

Not suitable for people: none

Taboos before examination: poor rest, improper diet and excessive fatigue.

Requirements during examination: actively cooperate with doctors.

(1) Use unified physical examination forms (cards, books); Unified measurement method; Unified evaluation and diagnosis criteria.

(2) During the physical examination, we should patiently and carefully understand the overall situation of the children under investigation, pay attention to inquiry and inspection, make an evaluation, and give timely guidance when problems are found.

(3) Screening out frail children, establishing special management and treating diseases in time.

Newborn disease screening and examination process:

(1) Screening sites: Blood collection sites are the medial and lateral heel of newborn.

(2) Screening time: The blood sampling time is 72 hours after the newborn is born. The reasons for choosing to draw blood after 72 hours are as follows:

① Blood collection should be carried out after the baby has eaten enough milk for 6 times 72 hours after birth, otherwise there will be no breastfeeding and protein load, and false negative screening will easily occur.

② Taking blood after 72 hours of birth can reduce the chance of false positive in disease screening, avoid the rising period of physiological thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prevent children with delayed TSH from producing false negative.

(3) If an infant who is discharged from hospital or transferred to another hospital in advance for various reasons cannot take blood after 72 hours, the delivery unit shall, in principle, follow up the blood collection of the infant to improve the screening coverage, but the time shall not exceed 1 month at the latest after birth.

After the blood is processed, it is tested by reagents or instruments to determine its physical condition.

People who are not suitable for neonatal disease screening:

Unsuitable crowd: None.