The origin of the Yi nationality How did the Yi nationality come about?

Introduction: China has 56 ethnic groups, each ethnic group has its own characteristics, each ethnic customs and festivals are different, these 56 ethnic groups make up a big family like us, we each bloom, and unity. So, do you know the origin of the Yi people? How did the Yi ethnic group come about? The following is my detailed introduction to the 56 ethnic groups Yi, interested friends to see it.

The origin of the Yi nationality

The Yi nationality mainly originated from the ancient Qiang people, and it was not called the Yi nationality at the beginning, and it was only after the founding of the country that the name was changed. Never underestimate the Yi, it is one of the six major ethnic minorities in China, the population is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Guangxi between the mountains and coastal hills. Since the end of last year, the total population of the Yi has been 8.71 million, which is a very large minority. The ancestors of the Yi people are the ancient Qiang people who lived near the Tibetan Plateau.

How did the Yi people come to be

The Yi people are one of the ethnic groups with a long history and ancient culture in China, and have different self-references, such as Nosu, Nasu, Luowu, Misapu, Sani, and Asi. They are mainly distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou provinces and the northwest of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Their distribution is in the form of large scattering and small gathering, with the main gathering areas being Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan, Honghe Hani Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Bijie area in Guizhou and Liupanshui area. According to the statistics of the fifth national census in 2000, the population of Yi is 7,762,286. The Yi language belongs to the Yi branch of the Tibeto-Burman language family of the Sino-Tibetan language family and is divided into six dialects. Originally an ideographic script, historically known as the sac script, some people also believe that it is a syllabic script; in 1975 the development of the Sichuan "Yi standardization pilot program", identified 819 standardized Yi characters, and began to implement the use of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan.

The Yi are an ethnic group formed by the continuous integration of the ancient Qiang people who traveled southward and the indigenous tribes of Southwest China in the course of long-term development. Six or seven thousand years ago, the ancient Qiang people living in the Huangshui region in the northwest of China began to develop in all directions, with one of them cruising toward the southwest of the motherland. To more than 3,000 years ago, the southwest of this cruise to the ancient Qiang people to ethnic tribes as a unit, in the southwest of the motherland to form a "six barbarians", "seven Qiang", "nine 氐", that is, the history books The so-called "Yue Song Yi", "Qing Qiang", "insult", "Kunming" often appear in history books, "Laobu", "Muomo" and other tribes. When the ancient Qiang people traveled to the southwest, the southwest region had already arrived with its successive two ancient groups - Baipu group and Baiyue group. After the ancient qiang people to the southwest, they had a hundred pu, hundred yue long time get along with each other, mutual integration, and absorbed and hundred pu, hundred yue's southern culture. After the Wei and Jin dynasties, the integration of Kunming people and burning (Pu) developed into the integration of the bureaucratic people. Han to the Six Dynasties, the Chinese historical records of the main residents of eastern Yunnan, western Guizhou, southern Sichuan called the Chaoso people, sometimes to Chaoso, Pu side by side.

Since the Sui and Tang dynasties, there has been a differentiation between the Wu barbarians and the White barbarians in the region of the Yi ancestors, with the Wu barbarians developing from the Kunming tribes, and the White barbarians taking the Chaoso and Pu as the main body, and integrating with other ethnic groups.

Yi ancestors in the long-term formation and development, the scope of activities had spread throughout the present Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou three provinces in the heart of the zone and part of Guangxi, the core area should be three provinces adjacent to the vast area.

An important feature of the history of the Yi people is the long period of maintaining the slave possession system. In the 2nd century BC in the Western Han Dynasty and before, the Yi forefathers' society has been divided between nomadic tribes and sedentary agricultural tribes. During the period from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties, various Yi prehistoric regions continued to differentiate a number of Chaosu Shuai and Yi Wang, indicating that on the basis of conquering tribes such as the Pu people, the Kunming Tribe had basically completed the transition from the primitive tribes to the slave-possession system.

In the 8th century 30s, Mengshezhao unified the six edicts, Yunnan Yi, Bai ancestors united the upper echelons of the various ethnic groups to establish the Nanzhao slavery regime, the ruling center in the area of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in the western part of present-day Yunnan, the scope of domination reaches present-day eastern Yunnan, western Guizhou and southern Sichuan, basically controlling the main distribution of the ancestors of the Yi ethnic group.

The Nanzhao dynasty of slavery had ruled the region of the Yi ancestors for a long time, and could not but have a profound impact on the existence and development of local slavery. In the second year of the Tang Dynasty (902), the destruction of the Nanzhao slavery dynasty did not mean that slavery in the Yi Prefecture died out. In the two Song Dynasty for more than 300 years, Rong (Yibin), Lu (Lu County), Li (Han Yuan) 3 states of the Yi ancestors, in the Song Dynasty and the Dali regime in the fight for each other, the emergence of slavery economy relatively prosperous situation. In conjunction with this, the slavery production relations appeared the powerful tribes enslaved the small tribes.

In the third year of Mongol Mongol Mongol Khan (1253), the Mongol cavalry attacked Yunnan in three directions from Sichuan, passing through the Yi region, prompting a loose anti-Mongolian coalition of the various Yi regions in a state of division, and beginning to unify under the Luo name. Correspondingly, the Mongolian aristocrats strengthened the fight for the Yi Zimo that is, the head of the soil, and developed a hereditary official position of the chiefs of the various ethnic groups in the part of the border ethnic areas in order to rule over the local people of the land tribal system. Since 1263 ~ 1287, successively in today's Yuexi, Xichang, Pingshan, Dafang, Zhaotong, Weining and other places to set up the Yi tribesmen.

During the 276 years of the Ming Dynasty, the land across the three provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan, Shuixi (Dafang), Wuhu (Weining), Wumeng (Zhaotong), Mangbu (Zhenxiong), Dongchuan (Huize), Yongning (Xuyong), Mahe (Pingshan), Jianchang (Xichang), etc., each of the Yi land division (Zimo) linked together to support each other and maintain essentially the same slavery, and the low social productivity in line with the various Yi areas can basically be divided into 3 classes of Toji and Black Bone, White Bone and Household Slave. On the basis of the above hierarchical relationship, the tusi system of the Yi in the Ming Dynasty, such as Shuixi, Jianchang and Wumeng, was still the superstructure of slavery.

Kangxi, Yongzheng years, the Qing dynasty in the Yi region to implement the "return to the stream", to the Secretary of the soil, the soil to the eye, the power of the slave owners to a heavy blow. With the development of social productive forces, part of the region more quickly from slavery to feudalism transition.