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Chinese art film began in the early 1920s, "Wan Brothers" in Shanghai, China's first batch of animated films, including the influential feature film "Princess Iron Fan". It was discontinued after 1942 due to lack of investment. In the early forties, Qian Jiajun and others in Chongqing also made a short animated film "Nongjiale", but also did not gain development.

The new Chinese art movie began to film in 1947, in the northeastern liberated area of xingshan town has produced the new China's first puppet film "emperor's dream" and animated film "catching turtle in a jar". People's Artist Chen Bo'er and Japanese animation expert Fang Ming (Jigen Jugunaga) and others made important contributions to this. They accomplished the filming work under the conditions of insufficient personnel and poor equipment, which was invaluable and opened the way for the development of new China's art films.

In 1949, the Art Film Group, an organization specializing in the production of art films, was established at the Northeast Film Studio in Changchun, with the cartoonist Te Wei and the painter Jin Xi as its main leaders. 1950, the group was moved to Shanghai, where it became part of the Shanghai Film Studio. In 1950, the group moved to Shanghai and became part of the Shanghai Film Studio. With the expansion of the staff, the Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio was established in 1957, with Te Wei as the director, and the group grew from a dozen to more than two hundred people at the time of its establishment. A group of famous artists and literary figures, such as Wan Lai Ming, Wan Gu Chan, Wan Chao Chen, Qian Jia Jun, Yu Zhe Guang, Zhang Chao Qun, Lei Yu, Jin Jin, Ma Guoliang, Bao Lei, etc., successively took part in this work. From then on, the art movie is based in Shanghai, rapid prosperity and development.

The first half of the 1950s (1950-1956) was its growth stage, and the increase in artistic personnel brought about the development of creation. Through the practice of production and training a large number of young artistic and technical talents, laid the foundation for the development of the art film business. In this stage, a number of excellent films were produced, such as the animated films "Good Friends", "Why is the Crow Black", "The Proud General", the puppet film "The Witty Goat" and "The Divine Brush", etc. In particular, "The Proud General" and "The Divine Brush" were produced. Especially "The Proud General" and "The Divine Brush" made successful experiments in exploring national styles. There are also promising achievements in technology, the first color puppet film "Little Hero" was made in 1953, the puppet film "Mei's Dream" completed in 1954 was the first time to use the technology of composite of real people and puppets, and the first color animation film "Why is the Crow Black" was also successful in 1955. From then on, the art film entered the color film period.

After the establishment of the factory and before the "Ten Years of Turmoil" (1957-1966) was the heyday of fine art films, a hundred flowers blossomed in a variety of forms, and the artistic characteristics of fine art films were given full play to, and the national style became more mature and perfect, resulting in a number of works that are still the best in the history of Chinese fine art films, and their reputation rose both at home and abroad. The reputation of China's art films rose both at home and abroad. Premier Zhou Enlai pointed out during his lifetime that the fine art film department was a relatively excellent department with unique style in the Chinese film industry. 1958 added a new variety - paper-cut film, the first work "Porky Pig Eating Watermelon" was an instant success. It was well received because of its distinctive folk art characteristics, opening up a new way to develop the art of paper-cutting films. 1960 saw the creation of ink animation films, combining elegant Chinese ink paintings with animation films to form an artistic style with the most Chinese characteristics, and the two films "Tadpole looking for his mother" and "Shepherd's flute" were thus a great success. With beautiful pictures and poetic mood, they make the art of animation enter into a higher aesthetic realm, which is refreshing and an innovation in the history of animation, and its achievement attracts attention both at home and abroad.

The ink movie "Tadpole Looking for Mother" with very Chinese characteristics

The large-scale animated film "The Palace of Heaven" (the first and the second episodes), which was made from 1961 to 1964, was one of the major works of this period, and it had a wide influence in the world. The stories in the mythological novel Journey to the West were reproduced on the movie screen with rich imagination. The art of modeling and animation skills have reached a high level. Large-scale puppet film "Princess Peacock", it is a vivid plot, magnificent scene, the performance of the beautiful myth of China's Dai region, the film's superb skills, marking the maturity of the art of puppet film. The paper-cutting film "Golden Conch" is the most outstanding work in this period of paper-cutting film, which gives play to the characteristics of the art of skeletonization, and makes this ancient folk tradition express itself in a colorful way. The Golden Dream, a cartoon-style animated film satirizing a group of insatiable tycoons with bold lines and exaggerated images, is another new form. In addition, Little Carp Jumps Dragon Door, Who Sings Best, Jigong Fights Crickets, Grand Prize Medal, Ginseng Dolls, Brainless and Unhappy, Waiting for Tomorrow, Danger on Ice, Bridge of the Red Army, Midnight Chickens, Little Sisters of the Prairie Heroes and so on, are a number of excellent films produced during this period. 1960, the filming of The Clever Ducks, the newborn origami film, which is full of children's fun and humor. This paper puppet art full of children's interest, and become a new member of the art movie family.

The peak of Chinese animation, The Palace of Heaven

In order to introduce the achievements of China's art films, the "Fine Art Film Exhibition" was held in 1960, and was exhibited in eight major cities, including Beijing and Shanghai, which had a wide impact. During the ten years of "Cultural Revolution" (1966-1976), art films suffered serious damage, which greatly affected the speed of this cause.

In 1977, production resumed. From then on, art films entered a new period of renewed prosperity. In the eight years from the end of the Cultural Revolution to 1984, more than 100 films were produced. New achievements were made in terms of subject matter, art form and production techniques. As a result of the open-door policy and the expansion of foreign exchanges, the international influence of Chinese art films has been growing.

Ne Zha Follies the Sea, a wide-screen animated feature film made in 1979 to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, was praised as a work of "bright colors, elegant style and rich imagination," and was well received abroad. It has once again brought out the splendor of national style with its strong and magnificent expression. Puppet film "the story of Afanti" (kind of gold) is also an excellent film, modeling exaggerated, the language of humor, vividly portrayed the Xinjiang Uyghur nation of a legendary figure, and later developed into a multi-episode series. The animated film "Three Monks" is a wonderful work, though short in length and profound in meaning, it inherits the traditional art form and absorbs the modern foreign expression, which is a new attempt to develop the national style. The animated film "Snow Child" embodies a noble spirit; the ink animation "Deer Bell" expresses the feelings of friendship and love, and these two films are well received. The paper-cut films of this period were colorful in art forms. Mr. Nanguo" expresses the artistic style of the Han Dynasty and its ancient and elegant style. Monkey Fishing for the Moon" created a new form of paper-cut film by producing a fuzzy texture. Utilizing this form, the paper-cut film "Snipe and Mussel" was made in the style of ink painting, with beautiful form, witty content, delicate and vivid action, enriching the artistic style of paper-cut film. The "Fire Boy" combines decorative modeling and national art features into one, with a strange and novel style. In the same period of the film, there are "two small peacocks", "Gallery One Night", "Fox Hunter", "Good Cat Mimi", "Fools Buy Shoes", "Black Rooster", "Duckling Gluttony", "Ginseng Fruit", "Naughty Golden Monkey", "If I am Wu Sung", "Butterfly Springs", "Heavenly Book of Strange Tales", "Rabbit Sends a Letter", "Thirty-six Words", "Xiyue Qidian" (the last episode), "Sheriff of the Black Cat", etc., are all excellent works. , are all excellent works.

Sheriff of the Black Cat

The Three Monks

With the reform of the system, Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio adjusted its leadership in October 1984, with the middle-aged director Yan Dingxian as the director and Te Wei as the consultant. The creation of art films continued to move forward with the pace of reform. In two or three years, a number of excellent films were completed, including the large-scale animated film "The Golden Monkey Sets Down the Demon", which portrayed the touching image of the Monkey King, the Monkey King, and was rich in emotional color; it injected some abstract painting techniques and modern music into the traditional national style, which was a useful exploration of the development of national art. The animated film "Clip Saving Deer" is light and lyrical, with the ancient and simple style of Dunhuang frescoes. The paper-cutting film "Straw Man" is made in the form of simulated Chinese brushwork flower and bird paintings, which is unique. The animated film Nuwa Mending Heaven uses concise and generalized images to express the ancient times in people's imagination, and the art form is innovative. In addition, "Robbing the Pillow", "Hailibu", "Water Deer", "Sweeping", "Net", "Stealing Donkey", "Witch, Crocodile and Little Girl" and so on have their own characteristics. In recent years, the creative focus has been on the development of series of art films. The thirteen-episode paper-cut film "Gourd Brothers" is an absurd and interesting folk tale. The thirteen-episode cartoon "The Strange Adventures of King Dirt" is a long and imaginative fairy tale. The Strange Mongolian Horse" is a six-episode animated film based on the play by British writer Han Suying, showing a wild horse's homesickness and overflowing international friendship. The Legend of the Demons is a puppet serial that combines the art of stage puppetry with cinematic techniques to show the grandeur of the story of the Enchantment of the Gods. There are a number of other films in the pipeline.

The 1990s became a turning point in China's animated film production.

The excellent animated feature films produced in this period include: Pauline Lamp (1999), Panda Xiaobei (1999), and Marco Polo Returns to Xiangdu (2000); and the excellent animated shorts include: The Deer and the Cow (1990), Geese and Geese (1991), The Doctor and the Emperor (1991), Carrying the Donkey (1991), The Ruler Between the Eyes (1991), Twelve Mosquitoes and Five Rulers (1991), and The Ruler Between the Eyebrows (1991), which are all about the emperor. The Twelve Mosquitoes and the Five Men (1992), Sparrows Choose the King (1992), Deer Girl (1993), Musical Ship (2000), etc.; excellent animated series include: The Great Thief (1990), Shuk and Beta (1989-1992), Gourd Little King Kong (1993), The Blue Peppermouse and the Big-Faced Cat (1993-1994), Crying Nose Big Cat (1993-1994), The Blue Peppermouse and the Big-Faced Cat (1993-1994), The Blue Peppermouse and the Big-Faced Cat (1993-1994), and The Big Nose Big Cat (1993-1994), and The Big Nose Big Cat (1993-1994). ), The King of Crybabies (1994), Big Headed Son and Little Headed Dad (1995), Heroes from Ancient Times (1995-1996), The Journey of L (1997), Silly Duck O'Barr (1997), The Learned Cat Teaches Chinese Characters (1998), The Hale Brothers (1998), How to Get Here ( (1998), Journey to the West (1999), Thunderbolt Babe (1999), The Little Monk of Dudu (1999), and Traditional Chinese Virtue Stories (2000).

China's first animated film to be produced with extensive use of computer technology, "The Lotus Lantern"

Entering the 2lth century, China's animation companies, production enterprises and production of animated films continued to grow. By 2002 the national animation production company (including related enterprises) has more than 120, more than 20 than in the late 1980s, an increase of five times. 2001 China *** production of animated short films 7, 42 animated cartoon series, with a total output of about 18,000 minutes, an increase of 5,000 minutes over 2000; 2002 *** production of 53 animated cartoon series and shorts. total production*** of about 17,300 minutes, close to the level of 2001.

Artistic animated movie shorts, which have been neglected for many years, had a batch of works released in 2001-2002. Such as: "Recollections", "Whose Husband is the Farthest Away", "Integrity Drift", "Great Dream Dunhuang", "Black Cat", "Rays", "Pond" and so on. Computer animation and network media animation rapid development. The TV series "Blue Cat Naughty 3000 Questions" is all computerized, and "Little Tiger Bambi" launched in 2001 is the first animated film made in three dimensions in China. Various animation websites are very active, especially Flash animation, which has become popular among young students and animation lovers. Animation creation and exhibition activities are very active. Animation education is developing rapidly, and by the end of 2002, more than 70 institutions of higher learning have started to specialize in animation, with about 5,000 students in school. Animation theory and research in the ascendant, articles and writings.

This period, animation production is still a series of films for the bulk. Mainly: "the tiger returns home", "cocoa, can heart family", "thousands of questions", "our home", "the adventures of xixi gua gua", "pigeon island", "the little general diqing", "I'm crazy for the song", "city field platoon", "China up and down five thousand years", and so on.

According to statistics, from 1922, when the Wan Brothers produced the first advertising cartoon, to 2002, China *** produced 1,168 cartoons.

In addition, since 1995, China's cartoon business has also begun its course, and China's animation history has finally entered a stage of systematic development