What treatment method does amblyopia have?

There are many treatments for amblyopia, including covering therapy, inhibition therapy, grating therapy, afterimage therapy and red filter therapy, fine homework training and synoptophore training. Choose one or more methods according to different amblyopia types.

The most important method to treat monocular amblyopia is the traditional covering method, that is, covering children's eyes, which is divided into full covering and temporary covering. Anisotropic amblyopia should be completely corrected first, and then the ametropic eyes, whether hyperopia or myopia, should be covered. Form deprivation amblyopia, such as unilateral cataract, should be removed first and then treated. The principle of optical drug suppression therapy is to use optics and drugs to weaken the vision of fixation eyes and promote the visual function of non-fixation eyes, which is more suitable for older school-age children who cannot receive occlusion treatment.

Grating therapy (CAM therapy) is also called basic therapy of visual physiology. The visual cells in the human cerebral cortex respond actively to the stimulation of strong contrast and high spatial frequency. People design a black-and-white grating disk, which has strong contrast and rotates in all directions to stimulate amblyopic eyes to improve their vision. This method has a good effect on central fixation. After-image therapy can be used for amblyopic children staring at the lateral center. After-image therapy takes a long time and is equipped with special equipment, which makes it difficult for children to cooperate.

The treatment of near-cardiac fixation can also use red filter membrane, which is based on the sensitivity of fovea cells in the center of macula to red filter membrane. When in use, the fixed eye is covered, and a certain red filter film (wavelength 600 ~ 640 mm) is added in front of the non-fixed eye correction lens to promote the central gaze of the macula, thus improving the vision. It is still controversial to treat near-cardiac fixation by covering, but after other methods fail, covering the fixation eye to promote amblyopia and improve vision is still a common method.

In addition, fine homework training, fixation training, augmented vision therapy, binocular vision function training and synoptophore training (including simultaneous vision training and inhibition elimination training, image fusion training, stereoscopic vision training and treatment of abnormal retina correspondence) also play an important role in amblyopia treatment.

The commonly used drugs for treating amblyopia in clinic include vitamin B 1, vasodilators, strychnine nitrate, oxygen therapy, anabolic steroids and so on. Some people speculate that there is a certain relationship between inhibitory amblyopia and mood swings, and suggest trying hypnotherapy.

Up to now, in addition to the above-mentioned traditional methods for treating amblyopia, there are a new generation of He-Ne laser, CAM (high frequency contrast stimulator) and other phototherapy and electrotherapy. In drug treatment, it was first reported in 1990s that levodopa can improve amblyopia. At present, people are actively carrying out systematic and clinical research on pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerance of levodopa in the treatment of amblyopia. The role of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, ear pressure and other therapies in the treatment of amblyopia has been paid more and more attention by the medical community.