What is Chinese folk culture called besides folklore, custom, custom, folk style, folk custom? The more detailed the better, thank you!

Traditional Chinese Festivals--Chinese New Year The first day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar is celebrated every year. Among the traditional Chinese festivals, this is one of the most important and lively ones. It is also called "Spring Festival" because it is celebrated at the end of winter and the beginning of spring. Chinese people have many traditional customs for the Spring Festival. From the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, people start to prepare for the New Year. During this period of time, families clean up, buy New Year's goods, put up window decals, hang up New Year's paintings, write Spring Festival couplets, steam New Year's cakes, and make all kinds of food in order to prepare for the old year and welcome the new. The eve of the Spring Festival is called "New Year's Eve". New Year's Eve is a time for family reunions. The family sits together, eats a sumptuous New Year's Eve dinner, and talks and laughs until dawn, which is called the New Year's Eve vigil. When the clock strikes zero on New Year's Eve, people also eat dumplings. Ancient times called the zero hour for the "Zi Shi", New Year's Eve Zi Shi is the time of the new year and the old year, people at this time to eat dumplings, is to take the meaning of "more years of the child". This is also the origin of the name "gyoza". After New Year's Eve, it is the first day of the Lunar New Year. Starting from the first day of the year, people go to visit their relatives and friends to pay New Year's greetings to each other. Paying homage is an important custom of the Spring Festival. When paying New Year's greetings, everyone has to say some auspicious words wishing for happiness and health. Chinese New Year Customs - Firecrackers When the midnight hour, the New Year's bell rings, the whole of China over the land, the sound of firecrackers ringing the heavens. In this "year of yuan, the month of yuan, the time of yuan" of the "three yuan" moment, some places also in the courtyard base "Wang Huo", in order to show that Wang Qi through the sky, prosperity. In the burning fire around the fire, the children set off firecrackers, happy jumping around, then, the house is bright lights, in front of the court is brilliant sparks, outside the house is the sound of the sky, the New Year's Eve atmosphere pushed to the climax of the bustling. The sound of firecrackers is the sign of the old and the new, the flow of the festive mood. Doing business with the family. Firecrackers have another meaning: they are in the New Year's Eve firecrackers is for the new year big big profit. However, according to the old custom that, to honor the God of Fortune to compete first, firecrackers to the back. Legend has it that those who want to make a fortune, the firecrackers should be set off at the end of the night in order to be considered sincere. In the old days, from the night of the Spring Festival to open the door of wealth, there will be sent to the God of Fortune, holding a paper print of the God of Fortune outside the door yelling: "Send the God of Fortune to come!" At this time the master of the house, in order to show welcome to the God of Wealth, will take the reward money to the people, send the God of Wealth in the mouth, of course, always have to say some auspicious words. For example: "Gold, silver and treasure roll in"! "The left side of the golden lion, the right side of the golden phoenix" la! And so on and so forth. There is another is dressed up like the God of Wealth, dressed in red robes, wearing a hat, hanging on the mouth with a false beard, carrying a yellow bag to collect money, followed by a few gongs and drums, to distribute the God of Wealth from door to door like in order to ask for reward money. Whenever you arrive at the door of a person's house, you will sing: "The left side is full of gold and silver coffers, and the right side is full of treasures." A large number of auspicious words, endless, until the owner joyfully received the red paper God of Fortune statue, give them some money, these people dressed up as the God of Fortune, after thanking them, then vigorously beat for a while, in the thumping drums and gongs, to go to another house. The first thing that everyone does when they return to the house after setting off the firecrackers is to worship heaven and earth, welcome the gods, and offer sacrifices to the ancestors. In ancient times, this ritual was very popular. Because of the different customs around the different forms of ancestor worship, some to the field to visit the ancestral tomb, some to the ancestral temple to worship ancestors, and most of the ancestors in the home will be placed in order in the main hall, display offerings, and then worshippers according to the order of the youngest and oldest on the incense and kneeling. Southerners also after ancestor worship, check the calendar contained in this year's auspicious direction, burning lanterns and torches, pots of wine, incense ringing firecrackers, open the door to travel to meet the god of joy, said "out of the sky" or "travel", Zhejiang called "out of searching for Zhejiang is called "out of search", Shanghai is called "Tou Xi God Fang". This custom is to tend to good luck, praying to the gods to bless a year of everything goes smoothly. New Year's Eve is to stay up all night, all night. At night, housewives are busy hanging lanterns and colorful decorations, posting spring couplets, cutting window clings, pasting New Year's paintings, and decorating the house with red and green flowers, adding a rich atmosphere to the festival. Perhaps the thing that children look forward to the most is the New Year's money. New Year's money is sent by the elders to the younger generation, some families are after the New Year's Eve dinner, everyone sitting at the table is not allowed to go, and so everyone finished eating, by the elders to the younger generation, and encourage their children and grandchildren in the new year to learn to grow up and do well. Some people are parents in the night when their children are asleep, put them under the pillow, more people are small children gathered in the main hall, shouting grandparents, mom and dad Happy New Year, kneeling in line; and then reach out for red envelopes. Even to the bedroom of the grandparents, all ran to the edge of the bed, yelling: "New Year's money, New Year's money!" The old man is still not lively enough, pretending to be petty, from bargaining to the siege of groping, and finally the old ancestor's red envelopes to dig out, we looted, only to whistling and scattered. The old man in this scenario but overjoyed, that this is a good omen that everything goes well in the New Year. People's traditional concepts, always like the New Year, more good luck, I hope everything goes well, which has many old customs. Such as everywhere there is a ban on the use of brooms of custom, that the use of brooms in the New Year will sweep away the luck, sweep away the fortune, the new year will be difficult to make good luck. If you have to sweep the floor, you have to sweep from the outside to the inside. In order to make this custom popular, but also set the first day of the first month for the "broom birthday". New Year's Day also can not scold the child, speak must be especially careful. If a child carelessly smashed the rice bowl, we will never scold him, but instead said he "years of peace", because "broken" "years of" harmonic punch an ominous atmosphere. In the New Year, adults are most afraid of small children said slipped out of the mouth, the beginning of the year to speak some less auspicious words, in addition to horizontal care vertical care, some places also use a piece of red cloth or straw paper to the children's mouth wipe, which means that the mouth as a butt, even if the words out of bad luck, but also equal to a fart. There are also people put oranges, lychees on the pillow, called "pressure year fruit". Oranges, lychees harmonic "auspicious", in order to seek good luck in the coming year. There is also a custom in some areas, is to steal the God of Fortune statue, and steal it to hide it in the crotch of the pants, in order to take the "God of Fortune into the library (pants)" the meaning of this idiom. In these whimsical and interesting customs, buried in how many generations of hardworking people to pander to the God of Fortune's good intentions. Chinese New Year morning, open the door, the first firecrackers, called "open the door cannonball". After the sound of firecrackers, broken red all over the ground, brilliant as a cloud of brocade, known as "full of red". At this time, the street is full of auspicious, joyful. Chinese New Year customs - window decals Chinese New Year, people in many areas like to stick a variety of paper cuttings on the window a window flower. Window decorations not only set a festive atmosphere, but also bring people the enjoyment of beauty, decorative, appreciative and practical in one. Paper cutting is a very popular folk art, has been loved by people for thousands of years, because it is mostly affixed to the window, so people generally call it "window flowers". Paper-cutting is a very popular folk art, has been loved by people for thousands of years, because it is mostly pasted on the window, so people generally call it "window flowers". Window decoration with its unique generalization and exaggeration will be auspicious events, good wishes expressed to the fullest, will be decorated with festivals red hot rich, joyful. Chinese New Year Customs--Pasted Foo Every Chinese New Year, every family has to put big and small "Foo" characters on the door, wall and lintel of the house. It is a long-established custom in China to put up the Chinese character "福" in Chinese New Year. According to the "Dream Liang Records" records: "Year's Day in the near and far, the mat store hundreds of goods, painting the door god peach symbols, welcome the spring card child ......"; "the common people's home regardless of size, all cleaned the door to go to the dust and dirt, the net family, change the door god, hanging bells Xu, nail peach symbols, stick the spring card, sacrifices to the ancestors, and the gods. Posting spring cards, sacrifices to the ancestors". In the text, "sticking spring cards" is written on red paper "Fu" character "Fu" character is now interpreted as "happiness", while in the past it meant "happiness", and in the past it meant "happiness". The word "Fu" now means "happiness", while in the past it meant "good fortune" and "good luck". The Chinese character "福", posted on Chinese New Year, both now and in the past, symbolizes people's desire for a happy life and their wish for a better future. In order to more fully reflect this yearning and wishes, the folk simply will "Fu" word upside down sticker, said "happiness has been down" "fortune has arrived." Fu" word upside down in folklore there is a legend. Zhuzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty, used the character "福" as a secret mark to prepare for murder. Kindness of Queen Ma to eliminate this disaster, so that the city size of the family must be in the morning before the door in their own home posted a "Fu" character. Naturally, no one dared to disobey Empress Ma's order, so every house put up the word "Fu" on its door. One of the families could not read or write, so they put the word "Fu" upside down. The next day, the emperor sent people on the street to check, and found that all the families have posted the word "Fu", and there is a family to put the word "Fu" upside down. The emperor was furious at the report and immediately ordered the imperial guards to decapitate that family. Queen Ma saw that things are not good, busy to Zhu Yuan Zhang said: "that family knows that you are visiting today, deliberately put the word of fortune upside down, this is not the meaning of "fortune"? When the emperor heard that it made sense, he ordered the release of the family, and a big disaster was finally eliminated. Since then, people have been posting the Chinese character "福" upside down, first for good luck, and second to honor Empress Ma. Folk will also be "Fu" word fine as a variety of patterns, patterns have longevity star, longevity peach, carp jump Dragon Gate, the five valleys, the dragon and phoenix, and so on. In the past, there was a folk saying that "on the 24th day of the Lunar New Year, every family writes big characters", "Fu" characters used to be mostly handwritten, and now they are sold in the market and stores. Chinese New Year Customs - New Year's Eve China's folk in the New Year's Eve has the custom of New Year's Eve. The New Year's Eve celebration begins with the New Year's Eve dinner, which is eaten slowly, from the time of the lantern, and some people have to eat it until late at night. According to the record of "Jingchu Nianshi Ji", there was a custom of having New Year's Eve dinner at least in the North and South Dynasties. The New Year's Eve celebration is commonly known as the "New Year's Eve celebration". Why do they call it "New Year's Eve"? Folk has been passed down from generation to generation such an interesting story: according to legend, in the ancient flood era, there is a vicious beast, people call him "year". Every New Year's Eve, the beast will crawl out of the sea to hurt people and animals, destroy the fields, disaster in the people who have worked hard for a year. People in order to avoid the beast of the year, the night of Lunar New Year's Eve, the sky is not dark on the early close the door, do not dare to sleep, sit and wait for dawn, in order to kill time, but also for the courage, they drink. Waiting for the first morning of the year the beast no longer come out, only dare to go out. People meet each other, congratulations, congratulations, thankful not to be eaten by the beast of the year, so after many years, nothing happened, people on the beast of the year to relax their vigilance. On the night of the 30th of one year, the beast suddenly scurried to a village in the south of the river, a village of people almost eaten up by the beast, only a family hanging red curtains, wearing a red dress of the newlyweds are safe and sound. There are a few children, in the yard lit a pile of bamboo at play, the fire red, bamboo burning "pop" burst, the beast turned here, saw the fire scared to turn their heads and fled. Since then, people know that the beast is afraid of red, afraid of light, afraid of the sound, every year-end, every family will stick red paper, wear red robes, hanging red lights, gongs and drums, firecrackers, so that the beast will not dare to come back. Ancient people to burn bamboo poles, the air in the bamboo expansion, bamboo cavity burst, issued by the crackling sound, which is also known as "firecrackers" origin. However, some places, the villagers do not know that the beast is afraid of red, often eaten by the beast. This matter later spread to the sky of the purple star, he in order to save the people, determined to eliminate the beast of the year. One year, he waited for the beast to come out, he used a fireball to knock it down, and then used a thick iron chain to lock it on a stone pillar. From then on, every New Year's Eve, people would always burn incense and ask the star Zi Wei Xing to come down to the world to keep peace. On the night of "one night and two years, five nights and two years", families were reunited and gathered together. The whole family sits together, and the table is filled with refreshments and fruits. New Year's Day offerings, a large plate of apples is indispensable, which is called "peace and security". In the north, some people also want to provide a pot of rice, burned before, to provide for the New Year, called the "New Year's Eve rice", is leftover rice year after year, year-round food, this year also ate the meaning of the food of the past year. This pot of next year's rice is generally cooked with a mixture of rice and millet, Beijing slang called "two rice", in order to have a yellow and white, which is called "gold and silver, gold and silver pot full of" the "gold and silver rice This is called "gold and silver rice". Many places in the New Year's Eve in the preparation of cakes and fruits, are trying to get a lucky mouth: eat jujube (spring early), eat persimmon cakes (everything is as good as it can be) eat almonds (happy people), eat everlasting fruit (longevity), eat rice cakes (a year higher than a year). On New Year's Eve, the family, while eating and having fun, talk and laugh. There are also popular families pushing pai gow, rolling dice, betting on pokies, playing mahjong, the sound of noise and laughter into the climax of the New Year's Eve joy. Spring Festival Customs - Paying New Year's Visit Paying New Year's visit is a traditional Chinese folk custom, which is a way for people to say goodbye to the old and welcome the new, and to express their good wishes to each other. In ancient times, the original meaning of the word "New Year's greeting" was to pay respects to the elders, including kowtowing to them, congratulating them on a happy New Year, and greeting them for a good life. In the case of friends and relatives of the same generation, it is also necessary to bow to congratulate them. New Year's greetings generally start at home. On the morning of the first day of the new year, when the younger generation gets up, they should first pay homage to the elders, wishing them a long and healthy life and all the best. After the elders are worshipped, the "New Year's money" prepared in advance will be distributed to the younger generation. After paying New Year's greetings to the elders at home, when people meet outside, they should also congratulate the New Year with smiles on their faces and say to each other "congratulations on wealth", "four seasons as you wish", "Happy New Year" and other auspicious words. Words, left and right neighbors or friends and relatives also visit each other to pay tribute to the New Year or invited to drink entertainment. In ancient times, if there were too many neighbors and friends, it was difficult to visit them all, so the servants were sent to bring business cards to pay New Year's greetings, known as "flying posters", and a red paper bag was pasted in front of each house with the word "Receive Blessings" written on it, that is, for the purpose of holding the flying posters. To this day, the Chinese New Year's gift of New Year's tablets, New Year's cards, is the legacy of this ancient sending each other fly posters. With the development of the times, the custom of New Year's greetings has been adding new contents and forms. Nowadays, people not only follow the old way of paying New Year's greetings, but also rise the etiquette of telegraphic New Year's greetings and telephone New Year's greetings and so on. Traditional Chinese Festivals - Lantern Festival The 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar is the traditional Lantern Festival of Chinese folklore. Because the first month is also called the first month, the night of the fifteenth day of the first month is the first full moon night of the year, "night" means "night", so the night of the fifteenth day of the first month of the festival is called the Lantern Festival. On the Lantern Festival, Chinese people have the custom of enjoying lanterns and eating Lanterns. As the saying goes, "the 15th day of the first month is the day of lanterns", so the Lantern Festival is also called the Festival of Lights. The custom of enjoying lanterns at the Lantern Festival has a history of more than 2,000 years. On the day of Lantern Festival, lanterns and colors are displayed everywhere, which is very lively. As soon as the night comes, people go in groups to see the lanterns. Colorful palace lanterns, wall lamps, character lamps, flower lamps, horse lanterns, animal lamps, toy lamps ...... into a sea of lights. Some lanterns also have riddles written on them, which attracts the lantern watchers to scramble to guess. Eating Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese custom. This food has been available since the Song Dynasty, more than 1,000 years ago. Yuanxiao is a kind of small round ball made of glutinous rice flour, covered with a filling made of sugar and various kinds of nuts, which tastes sweet and delicious when cooked. Because this food is eaten on the day of Lantern Festival, people later called it Yuanxiao. Chinese people hope that all things are successful, in the beginning of the year the first full moon night to eat the Lantern Festival, is to hope that the family reunion, harmony, happiness, full circle.