Present situation of pharmaceutical enterprises in China

Recently, from the investigation of pharmaceutical enterprises, pharmaceutical associations and competent departments, we know that some pharmaceutical industry policies frequently introduced in China are not conducive to the development of the industry, and even affect the survival of enterprises. According to Scientific Outlook on Development's positioning of the pharmaceutical industry in the national economy, policy makers urgently need to study the current situation and development strategy of China's pharmaceutical industry from the perspective of national strategic security and long-term industrial development, and adjust policies in a timely manner.

First, the pharmaceutical industry survival survey

Since then, China's pharmaceutical industry has made great progress and played an important role in ensuring people's medication. At the same time, the government's management mode of the pharmaceutical industry has changed, and the industry management has been greatly weakened. Since 1997 started the reform of medical system, the relevant departments have issued a series of policies, especially policies such as reducing drug prices, promoting drug bidding and purchasing, restricting advertising of prescription drugs in the mass media, and compulsory GMP certification of drugs, covering almost all aspects of drug research and development, production and circulation. Objectively speaking, some of these policies have promoted the development of the industry, and the pharmaceutical industry has made great progress, but some effects are not ideal. Some policies to solve the problem of expensive and difficult medical treatment are completely focused on the price of drugs, which will inevitably get twice the result with half the effort or even backfire.

For example, the drug price reduction policy, the country has carried out 17 drug price reduction to solve the problem of expensive medical treatment, but the people did not feel the obvious effect, which lies in the difficulty of "expensive medical treatment". Doctors are driven by interests and like to prescribe expensive drugs. Zhang Jianqiang, chairman of Hailing Pharmaceutical Factory Co., Ltd. said that as far as the current situation is concerned, the big prescription is caused by the laissez-faire policy. Because of the policy, hospitals can add 15% to the purchase price of drugs as their own profits. Therefore, in order to get more profits, hospitals try to use expensive drugs and prescribe large prescriptions. There are many skills in this. Zhang Jianqiang, for example, said that for a disease that can be cured with domestic ceftriaxone at two retail prices 10 yuan, doctors, driven by their interests, will open two retail stores of imported "Rosafen" from 97 yuan, and with a slight change, the hospital's profit will rise from 15 yuan. This is an operation within the scope permitted by the policy.

Ling, president of Shandong Zheng Da Freda, believes that there are more than 4,000 pharmaceutical manufacturers, more than 8,000 pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises and 65,438+200,000 pharmaceutical retail enterprises in China. The costs of these enterprises are not paid by the government, and they all need to be maintained by "operating, charging and increasing prices". It is impossible for drug prices to keep rising. In addition, the hospital is currently implementing a drug addition policy. The higher the purchase price, the more you add. Of course, hospitals don't buy low-priced drugs. "The whole chain needs high-priced drugs, and it is impossible to reduce prices to the people."

The price reduction of 17 drugs involves more than 10000 varieties, and the actual effect is not obvious, which is also inseparable from the mass production of substitute drugs by pharmaceutical manufacturers. "The state reduced the price of this medicine, and some pharmaceutical manufacturers immediately stopped production of this medicine and then produced new drugs. The result is still a high-priced medicine. "

Youdi Zhu, director of the Social Development Department of the Research Office of the State Council, pointed out that the pharmaceutical industry is not linked to the reform of the medical and health industry, and the pharmaceutical industry has long been market-oriented, while the medical and health institutions are still in the era of planned economy. Due to the lack of research on the overall situation of the pharmaceutical industry, some inappropriate policies have been introduced. Today, the management quality and innovation ability of pharmaceutical enterprises are worrying, and many enterprises are facing the problem of survival rather than development.

According to reports, the government's annual funding for hospitals only accounts for 7% ~ 8% of the hospital's total income, and the remaining 90% is obtained by the hospital itself. Due to the serious lag in the reform of the hospital system that monopolizes 80% of the drug market, the long-term continuation of the economic policy of "supplementing doctors with drugs", the unhealthy trend in the circulation field and the increasing kickbacks from doctors, the pharmaceutical industry has lost its right to speak in the normal drug trading process. The average number of days of hospital payment is more than 1.80 days, and the national hospitals occupy industrial sales funds (200 billion yuan) for half a year, which seriously affects the normal operation of the pharmaceutical industry. It is understood that last year, the accounts receivable of a Xinhua pharmaceutical company reached 200 million yuan.

1995 The proportion of pharmaceutical industry in GDP was 2%, and in 2005 it was 4%, which doubled in ten years. Industrial sales revenue increased by 15% every year, reaching 300 billion yuan, but profits decreased year by year. At present, nearly two-thirds of the more than 4,000 pharmaceutical manufacturers in China are facing a crisis of survival. The profit rate of drug production has dropped to 5%, and the commercial profit has dropped to five thousandths. Domestic pharmaceutical companies spend less than 5% of their sales on R&D (western developed countries 15-25%), and most of the limited funds are invested in "short-term" generic drugs. In 2002, SFDA approved less than 1500 generic drugs, but it soared to more than 6,000 in 2003 and tens of thousands in 2004, which directly caused low-price competition in the industry. Coupled with the national development and reform commission 1.7 price cuts, it is difficult for enterprises to get the due return on investment, and survival has become a problem. They can't invest more money in new drug research and development, and the industry is seriously lacking in independent innovation ability.