Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - What were the people of the Mayan civilization like? (want pictures)

What were the people of the Mayan civilization like? (want pictures)

Mayan

A group of Indians from Central America and Mexico. Also translated as "Maya", "Mayans". About 2500 BC has settled in southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and El Salvador and part of Honduras. There are about 2 million people. They belong to the American branch of the Mongoloid race. They use the Mayan language, which belongs to the Maya-Quiché group of the Indian language family. Distributed in the central and northern Yucatan, Belize, southern Honduras and parts of Tabasco and Chiapas, the lowlands and highlands of Guatemala and the southernmost parts of Chiapas and El Salvador.

The Indians of Central America, who live in the nearly contiguous lands of southern Mexico, southern Guatemala, and northern Belize, had about 70 Mayan languages at the beginning of the 21st century, spoken by more than 5 million people, most of whom were bilingual (Spanish). Before the Spanish conquest of Mexico and Central America, the Maya had one of the greatest civilizations in the Western Hemisphere. They practiced farming, built huge stone buildings and pyramid temples, smelted gold and copper, and used a hieroglyphic script that is now mostly decipherable.

As early as 1500 BC, the Maya settled in villages and developed a primitive agriculture based on the cultivation of maize, beans, and squash; by 600 AD, they were also growing cassava. They began to build ceremonial centers, and by 200 A.D., these centers had grown into cities with temples, pyramids, palaces, playing fields, and plazas. The ancient Maya mined building stone (usually limestone) in large quantities and used harder stone tools such as flint to cut this stone. They practiced primarily slash-and-burn agriculture, but they also used progressive irrigation and terracing farming techniques. They also developed a hieroglyphic writing system and a very sophisticated calendar and astronomical system. The Maya used the inner layer of the bark of the wild fig tree to make paper and wrote their hieroglyphics on books made of this paper. They also developed an elaborate and beautiful tradition of carving and relief sculpture. Architectural projects, stone inscriptions, and relief carvings are the main sources of knowledge currently available about the ancient Maya. Early Maya culture was influenced by the much earlier Olmec civilization.