3. Try to compare the traditional industrialization road with the new industrialization road.

The difference between the new industrialization road and the traditional industrialization road/Sun Liuxue

First, the characteristics of the new road to industrialization

Promote industrialization with informationization, promote informationization with industrialization, and realize leap-forward development of productive forces. Developed countries have entered a post-industrial society dominated by informationization, and these countries have promoted informationization after industrialization. In recent years, the speed of informatization has been accelerating, and the new industrialization can completely avoid the old road of industrialization before informatization, but promote industrialization with informatization, promote informatization with industrialization, give full play to the advantages of backwardness, and realize the leap-forward development of productivity.

Relying on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers, improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth. The report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: "To take the road of new industrialization, we must give full play to the important role of science and technology as the primary productive force, pay attention to relying on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers, and improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth." New industrialization must rely on scientific and technological progress and innovation, constantly improve the scientific and technological content of products, enhance the competitiveness of products, promote industrialization with science and technology, transform traditional industries with high-tech and advanced and applicable technologies, and realize the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.

Put sustainable development in a prominent position. The development of traditional industrialization is at the expense of consuming a lot of resources and sacrificing the environment, and it takes a road of developing the economy first and then managing the environment. Traditional industrialization consumes a lot of resources, seriously damages the ecological environment and causes irreparable losses. The new road to industrialization must rely on scientific and technological progress, constantly improve the scientific and technological content of industrial products, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of resources and reduce resource consumption. Carry out cleaner production and reduce environmental pollution.

Give play to the advantages of human resources. To take the road of new industrialization, we should correctly handle the relationship between capital-technology-intensive industries and labor-intensive industries. China is extremely rich in human resources and low in labor cost, which not only causes great employment pressure, but also is China's outstanding advantage in international economic competition. While promoting the continuous optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, we should give full play to the advantages of rich human resources.

Second, the difference between new industrialization and traditional industrialization in developed countries

The development background is different. The path of economic development in developed countries is to realize industrialization first, and then enter the stage of information development after industrialization develops by leaps and bounds. The development of industrialization and informatization in China is almost synchronous, which provides a good opportunity for us to promote industrialization with informatization and promote informatization with industrialization.

The development model is different. The industrialization road of developed countries mainly depends on plundering energy and raw materials from the colonies and dumping their products, resulting in polarization between the rich and the poor, massive consumption of resources and deterioration of the ecological environment. The new industrialization road emphasizes sustainable development strategy, ecological construction and environmental protection, and emphasizes the relationship between economic development and resources and environment.

The emphasis is different. In the process of industrialization, developed countries have unilaterally emphasized mechanization and automation, and failed to fully consider the problem of population unemployment caused by large machinery industry, leading to the widening gap between the rich and the poor and social unrest. Starting from the reality of large population, surplus labor force and severe employment situation, the new industrialization road focuses on combining the development of capital-technology-intensive industries with labor-intensive industries. While promoting the continuous optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, it emphasizes expanding employment, improving employment environment and reducing unemployment rate. While ensuring the employment of workers, we should fully enjoy the benefits brought by new industrialization. Third, the difference between China's new industrialization and traditional industrialization.

The ownership structure is different. In the past, China regarded single public ownership as the basic economic system, which objectively limited people's ability to control the productive forces in a unified way in the whole society. The new industrialization adheres to the principle of public ownership as the main body and coexistence of various economic components. Mobilizing all positive factors at home and abroad and giving full play to the advantages and functions of various economic sectors are conducive to solving problems in economic construction, especially in the case of insufficient capital supply, great pressure on urban employment and arduous task of transferring agricultural labor force, we should encourage the development of non-public economy.

The economic operation mode is different. The planned economic system has played an important role in China's economic development, but with the progress of science and technology and the promotion of industrialization, commercialization, informationization and modernization of production, the disadvantages of the planned economic system are increasingly exposed. The new industrialization organically combines planning with market, gives full play to the basic role of market mechanism in resource allocation, adjusts and optimizes the allocation of production factors through the relationship between market supply and demand, price leverage and the competitive mechanism of survival of the fittest, and improves the efficiency of resource utilization.

Different ways of development. Traditional industrialization unilaterally emphasizes giving priority to the development of heavy industry, even at the expense of the development of agriculture and consumer goods industry. New industrialization pursues the coordinated development of national economy. In terms of industrial structure, the allocation of social resources is adjusted according to market supply and demand, so that the basic industry can meet the requirements of national economic development, and the consumer goods industry can continuously meet the growing material and cultural needs of the people. Labor-intensive, capital-intensive and technology-intensive coordinate with each other. While actively developing high-tech industries, we should transform traditional industries with high technology, and strive to cultivate the competitive advantages of various industries while emphasizing the comparative advantages of abundant labor resources and low wage costs.

Economic growth has different connotations. Traditional industrialization overemphasizes the high speed of economic growth, which leads to the ups and downs of economic growth. Simply emphasizing the high speed of economic growth not only wastes a lot of manpower and material resources, but also causes serious difficulties to people's lives and economic development. The new industrialization insists on seeking truth from facts, emancipating the mind, being proactive and acting according to one's ability, implementing effective macro-control on the basis of following objective economic laws, and striving to achieve sustained, stable, moderate and rapid growth of the national economy.

Industry, agriculture and urban and rural planning are different. Traditional industrialization restricts the flow and transfer of rural labor force through administrative means and delays the process of urbanization. The new industrialization proposes to correctly handle the relationship between industry and agriculture, urban and rural areas. Under the premise of following the laws of market economy, industry can gradually feed back agriculture. While adhering to the rural household contract responsibility system, we should develop a specialized and socialized division of labor system in rural areas, combine scattered farmers with large markets, and promote agricultural industrialization and rural population gathering in central towns. Author: Sun School of Economics and Management, Hebei Polytechnic University; Liu Xue/Hebei Langfang Teachers College Department of Political History