How to raise red carp?

I. Construction of fish ponds

Humus soil should be selected for the pond, and the pond should be built in a place with leeward and sunny terrain, sufficient water (preferably mineral-rich spring water) and convenient drainage and irrigation. Domesticated koi fish can use courtyard space or roofs to build ponds. The parent fish pond covers an area of 30-40m2, the pond depth is 1.5-2m, the water depth is1.2-1.5m. The spawning pond is15-20m2, and the water depth is1.5m. Incubation pond is 3-5m2, with a depth of 0.8- 1 m and a water depth of 0.6-0.8m.. The nursery pond10-15m2 has a water depth of 0.5-0.6m and a water depth of 0.4m.. The area of the fish pond depends on the feeding amount, and the larger the area, the better. The depth of the pond is 1.5-2m, and the water depth is about1.5m.. It is best to build a cement pond, and the bottom layer is inclined to one end of the drainage ditch. Before the new cement pool is used, it should be dealkalized, filled with water, then added with straw or wheat straw, soaked for about 15 days to drain the pool water, and then washed with clear water several times. Then add new water for later use.

Second, breeding and seed cultivation.

The reproductive age in koi fish is generally between 3- 10 years old and the weight is above 1.5 kg. Koi fish was selected as the parent fish because of its strong physique, glittering and translucent color, obvious species characteristics, stable swimming posture and no illness or injury. Every year around May, when the water temperature is stable above 16℃, male and female koi fish can be picked out according to the ratio of 1: 3 and put into the spawning pond, where sterilized fish nests are placed in advance. After spawning, take out the parent fish and transfer the fish eggs to the incubator. After 5-7 days, the fry hatch. After the fry hatch for 3-4 days, they begin to float to the surface for food. At this time, they should be fished into the fry pond immediately. Use cooked egg yolk, soybean milk, seaweed and soft worms as bait. After 1 week, feed Daphnia, red worm and chopped earthworm, and supplement artificial compound feed appropriately, once a day 1 time. When the fish grows to more than 2 cm, it can be moved to the adult fish pond for feeding.

Three. Feeding and management of adult fish

Koi fish has a large appetite, and the stocking density is thinner. Large-scale cement pond culture, 3-5 fish per square meter is appropriate, grass, silver carp, bighead carp and so on. Are properly mixed. Koi fish is an omnivorous fish. Leftovers, peels, etc. It can be mixed with about 10% animal feed such as viscera, snails, maggots, pupae and earthworms. And making into granules for feeding. Feed should contain about 35% protein and 5%-8% fat. Should adhere to the "four fixed" feeding, generally twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon. Feeding amount depends on water temperature, weather change and fish feeding amount. It is about 2%- 10% of the fish weight, and should be eaten within 20- 10 minutes.

Adhere to daily inspections, remove bait residues in time, and change water every 2-3 days in summer and every 4-5 days in spring and autumn. The water exchange rate is 1/3- 1/2 of the original pond. Keep the water fresh. Pay attention to increasing oxygen in hot and rainy weather to prevent flooding. Koi fish can be moved indoors in winter, the indoor water temperature should be kept at 2- 10℃, and digestible bait should be properly fed to ensure safe wintering.

Fourth, disease prevention and control.

Koi fish has strong vitality and few diseases, but it is necessary to disinfect the aquaculture ponds and fish bodies. Frequent application of quicklime and trichlorfon. The sick fish should be diagnosed and treated in time. The treatment of common diseases is as follows:

1, enteritis. Sick fish have poor appetite, slow movements and often swim alone. The fish body is black, the abdomen is swollen, the anus is convex and red, and yellow-red ascites flows out from the abdominal wall. It can be controlled by adding 0.2g sulfanilamide to each kilogram of bait and feeding it to sick fish for 5 days. For fish that are seriously ill and do not eat, 500- 1000 international units of kanamycin can be injected intraperitoneally for 3-5 days.

2. Water model. The diseased fish is characterized by cotton wool-like gray hyphae parasitic on its fins. Oral administration of vitamin E, 0.4-0.6g per 10kg fish weight per day, can enhance the resistance. For sick fish, a mixture of 400-500mg/L salt solution and 400-500mg/L sodium bicarbonate solution can be sprayed.

3. Vertical scale disease. The body surface of the diseased fish is rough, the scales stand up and the scales are edema. Control methods: ① Soak fish in 2% salt solution for 5- 15 minutes, once a day, for 3-5 days. ② Oral sulfadiazine: firstly, the sick fish were raised in 0.5% salt water, stopped eating for 2 days, moved into clean water, and each fish was fed 0.2g, 65,438+0 times every other day, for 5 times in total.

4, small melon disease. There are white spots on the body surface, fins and gills of sick fish. In severe cases, the skin and fins of sick fish are covered with white spots and covered with white mucus. You can use 10- 15 mg L of formalin and 1-2 mg/L of methylene blue to spray in the whole pool, 1 time, once every other day, 2-3 times in a row.

5, toe disease. Dactylogyrus parasitizes on the body surface and gill filaments of fish, and the gill flap is swollen and gray. The crystal trichlorfon solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.4 mg/L can be sprayed to the whole pond for control. Fish 10-30 minutes can also be soaked in 0.2 mg/L potassium permanganate solution.