What are the forms of power generation?

What forms of power generation do you know of

Thermal power generation Internal energy is converted into electricity

Nuclear power plants Nuclear energy is converted into electricity

Wind power generation Mechanical energy is converted into electricity

Solar power generation Light energy is converted into electricity

Geothermal power generation Internal energy is converted into electricity

Tidal power generation Mechanical energy is converted into electricity The use of solar energy There are three ways to generate electricity:

One is to use photovoltaic cells, which directly convert sunlight into electric current.

The second is the use of collector panels to heat water to produce steam to drive turbines and generators.

The third is to use sunlight to break down the water into two gases, hydrogen and oxygen, and then use the hydrogen as a fuel to generate electricity.

All three of these methods require stable sunlight and a large area of land. For example, to build a solar power plant with a capacity comparable to that of a nuclear power plant, you would need about 6,750 hectares of land, which is about fourteen times the size of the current site of a nuclear power plant, and you would need to ensure that the land has sufficient and stable sunlight.

Wind power

Wind power is the direct use of wind power to drive the wire coil in the generator to generate electricity, and its biggest feature is the Dutch mark ~ windmills. There is also a wind power plant in Chimei, Penghu, Taiwan, which generates about a million times less power than the nuclear power plant, so you can see that to develop this kind of power plant you need to have a lot of land, and a stable and strong wind is also an indispensable condition.

Sea water temperature difference power generation

In the sea the sun only shines on the surface of the sea and not in the depths, so some of the temperature difference between the surface of the sea and the deep sea can be up to 200 degrees Celsius, the current research shows that the use of some special gases (such as ammonia), in the flow of the sea surface when the heat is absorbed into a gaseous state to promote the turbine power generation, and then send the used gas into the deep sea to cool the next cycle into a liquid and continue. As far as technology is concerned, the biggest challenge is the laying of deep-sea pipelines, and it is precisely because of this challenge that it has not been possible to effectively overcome, so far there has not been a single commercial seawater temperature difference power plant in the world.

Geothermal power

The Earth is a sphere with a radius of 6,000 kilometers, and its surface rocky crust is about 30 kilometers, and because the temperature at the center of the Earth is as high as about 6,000 degrees Celsius, the temperature rises by about 30 degrees Celsius in the general area of the earth's depth of one hundred meters per layer. In the volcanic hot springs area, the temperature rise is up to 100 ℃, this is the magma from the crust cracks slowly out of the results, and groundwater flow through these areas will become high temperature and high pressure steam, such as the appropriate engineering methods to draw out these steam can be sent to the turbine for power and power generation. Taiwan is located in the Pacific Rim volcanic belt, with many geothermal areas, but because of the acidity is too high or the steam content is too small, most of them can not be used to generate electricity. 1980 National Science Council in the Yilan Ching Shui area to build a geothermal demonstration power plant, but because of the geothermal production decline, has been discontinued at the end of 1993.

What are some common ways to generate electricity?

Hydroelectricity is the recommended method, but it is limited by water conditions. Thermal power is the conversion of heat from burning coal into electricity. Wind power, wind power is also more common, but wind energy is not very stable. Nuclear power generation, nuclear power plants are also a future direction of development, but it is important to control its side effects. Solar power, this is the recommended way to use, no pollution at all.

What are the existing power generation situations

The main ones are:

Thermal power generation,

Hydroelectric power generation,

and:

Wind power generation,

Tidal power generation,

Solar power generation,

Nuclear power generation.

What are the ways in which electricity is generated in our country?

So far, the most important ways of generating electricity in China are thermal and hydroelectric power.

First, thermal power generation

Thermal power generation generally refers to the use of oil, coal and natural gas and other fuel combustion heat to heat the water, so that the water into a high temperature, high pressure water vapor, and then by the water vapor to push the generator to generate electricity.

Depending on the fuel used, thermal power generation can be divided into oil thermal power generation, coal thermal power generation and LINGC (liquefied natural gas thermal power generation) and so on.

The main equipment systems of thermal power generation include: fuel supply system, water supply system, steam system, cooling system, electrical system and all other auxiliary processing equipment. Thermal power generation is one of the traditional means of obtaining electric energy, especially in areas where water resources are scarce. Compared with hydroelectric power, which requires the construction of dams and reservoirs, it is characterized by low investment and quick results. But thermal power generation is a serious pollution of the environment, which is an urgent need to solve the problem.

Second, hydroelectricity

Hydroelectricity and thermal power generation compared to the water used in hydroelectricity does not count the cost of hydroelectricity, so the cost of hydroelectricity is only a quarter of the thermal power generation, appears to be more economical. Here are some information about the hydroelectric power plant:

Since the founding of the country to 1983, China has built more than 100 large hydroelectric power stations, there are more than 90,000 small hydroelectric power plants [1], throughout more than 1,500 counties, power generation accounted for the country's total power generation of 16.8%, however, these power generation only accounted for the development of hydroelectric resources of 2.5%.

China's developable hydropower resources amount to 380 million kilowatts, with an annual generation capacity of 1.9 trillion kWh, of which 103 million kilowatts can be developed in the near future, with an annual generation capacity of 430 billion kWh, which is the highest in the world. Since the 1980s, China has continued to vigorously develop hydroelectric power generation, in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the construction of the installed capacity of 1.2 million kilowatts of Liu Jiaxia Hydropower Station and 1.5 million kilowatts of Longyangxia Hydropower Station, in the Yangtze River Three Gorges outlet to the construction of the installed capacity of 2,715,000 kilowatts of the Gezhouba Dam Hydropower Station. The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is a world-famous Grand Canyon, with 53% of the country's water resources available for development, making it the world's unrivaled mine of hydropower resources (2). Poverty alleviation, small hydropower will become a large-scale sustainable development of rural energy.

What are the ways to generate electricity? What are the principles? 30 points

1, thermal power:

The use of coal, oil and natural gas and other fossil fuels contained in the way of generating electricity collectively known as thermal power generation.

China is rich in coal resources, proven reserves of 4 trillion tons, the current annual mining amounted to 1.4 billion tons, accounting for 70% of the primary energy, so thermal power generation in China's power structure has always accounted for the absolute main position of the installed capacity and power generation in more than 70%.

"Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, thermal power is still China's main power source, the scale of new construction of thermal power will reach 260 million to 270 million kilowatts.

At the end of 2011, the national installed capacity of thermal power reached 765.46 million kilowatts, accounting for 72.5% of the total installed capacity. 2011 January-December, the national thermal power generation was 3,813.7 billion kilowatt-hours, accounting for 82.54% of the total power generation

2, hydropower:

Hydropower is a clean energy source, renewable, non-polluting, low operating costs. Peak shifting ability, conducive to improving the utilization of resources and comprehensive economic and social benefits. In the increasingly tense situation of the earth's traditional energy sources, countries around the world generally give priority to the development of hydropower

, vigorously utilize water energy resources. China ranks first in the world in terms of the amount of proven hydroelectric resources, or the potential development of hydroelectric resources.

Into the 21st century, especially the power system reform, mobilized the whole society to participate in the development and construction of hydropower enthusiasm, China's hydropower into the accelerated development period.

In 2004, with the Gongbo Gorge 1 unit put into operation as a symbol, China's installed hydropower capacity exceeded 100 million kilowatts, surpassing the United States to become the world's largest hydropower country. A large number of giant hydropower stations, such as Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba, Xiaowan, and Laxiwa, have been constructed one after another.

In 2010, with the commissioning of Xiaowan Unit 4, China's installed hydropower capacity has exceeded 200 million kilowatts. At present, China is not only the world's largest installed hydropower, but also the world's largest under construction, the fastest development of the country, has gradually become the world

world hydropower innovation center.

At the end of 2011, the country's installed hydropower capacity reached 230.51 million kilowatts, accounting for 21.83% of the total installed capacity, from January to December 2011, the country's hydropower power generation was 610.8 billion kilowatt-hours, accounting for 14.01% of the total power generation,

3, wind power:

The real development of the wind industry began in the 1973 oil crisis, the wind industry has been the first to develop. Demonstration wind farms began to be established in the 1980s as a new power source for the grid. In the past 20 years, the development of wind power has maintained its position as the world's fastest growing energy source, and wind power technology

is maturing.

During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, with strong support from the state, and through the efforts of research institutes, wind power companies, and other parties, the development of China's wind power industry has attracted much attention, and it has become a new energy frontrunner. China's "renewable energy development" Eleventh Five-Year

"plan" put forward in the "2010 wind power installed capacity of 10 million kilowatts" of the development goals in 2008 has been reached, "renewable energy in the medium and long term planning" in the

At the end of 2011, the national installed capacity of wind power reached 45.05 million kilowatts, accounting for 4.267% of the total installed capacity, from January to December 2011, the national wind power on-line power generation of 73.2 billion kilowatt-hours, accounting for 1.55% of the total power generation.

In the world offshore wind power began to enter a large-scale development phase of the background, China's offshore wind farm construction has also kicked off. China's eastern coast of the sea can be developed wind energy resources of about 750 million kilowatts, not only huge resource potential and development and utilization of the market

Good market conditions, China plans to build a large-scale construction of on-water wind farms about 30 miles from the coast, these power stations may be built on a huge floating body, or may be 120 feet deep underwater on the continental shelf. Given that winds are typically

stronger at sea than on the ground, offshore wind power is more promising.

4, nuclear power:

Nuclear power plants only need to consume a small amount of nuclear fuel, you can generate a lot of electricity, the cost of electricity per kilowatt hour than thermal power plants to be more than 20% lower. Nuclear power plants can also greatly reduce the transportation of fuel. For example, a one million kilowatt thermal power plant consumes three to four million tons of coal per year

, while a nuclear power plant of the same power requires only 30 to 40 tons of uranium fuel per year. Another advantage of nuclear power is that it is non-polluting, and as the world continues to run out of coal and oil, nuclear power is bound to replace thermal power as the number one source of electricity

in the near future.

From 1954 when the former Soviet Union built the world's first experimental nuclear power plant, 1957 when the United States built the world's first commercial nuclear power plant, ...... >>

There are five common ways of generating electricity What are they

Water, wind, sun, fire, and machine ring

What are the energy efficient ways of generating electricity?

As the world's energy consumption continues to increase and the energy crisis continues to intensify, scientists are trying to find new ways to develop energy as a supplement to future energy consumption. Now in addition to the ongoing use of coal carbon, oil, nuclear fission fusion power generation, scientists are working to develop solar power, wind power, magnetic current power generation, hydroelectric power generation, etc. In addition, scientists have taken another approach to research and develop a wider range of power generation technologies. Exhaust reuse power generation system by the domestic wind power experts Lin Qiqiu proposed a new environmentally friendly energy utilization system, which is very consistent with the current national policy guidelines for high-tech projects, which is through the recovery of waste wind energy to achieve the purpose of renewable energy. Fully practicing the policy of energy saving and emission reduction. The project adopts ultra-low-speed wind power generation technology, combined with high-efficiency blades to achieve 100% recycling of electricity consumed by the wind. At present, we have completed the development of 1.1KW motor power full recovery technology, later will further improve the technology, so that the project product technology to achieve more than 100% value-added effect, the project is recovered by the negative pressure fan exhaust wind is supporting the existing negative pressure fan equipment, a use of wind energy is wasted for nothing for power generation device, its value lies in the maximum recovery of wasted wind energy and efficiently convert it to wind power generation. Its value is to maximize the recovery of wasted wind energy and efficiently convert it into electrical energy to be stored and utilized. Nowadays, many advanced enterprises have used artificial wind power generation, in factories will be installed in the exhaust system, the use of exhaust wind reuse for power generation, both environmental protection and economic, and again create economic benefits, take the road to sustainable development. High-temperature rock power generation High-temperature rocks 3 kilometers deep underground at a temperature of 300 degrees Celsius are characterized by the absence of steam or hot water; this type of high-temperature rock power generation, like geothermal power generation, has the great advantage that there is no hot water in the first place, and instead, this high-temperature heat is utilized to artificially create steam, which is then used to generate electricity through a turbine. The advantages of the high-temperature rock power generation method are: heat is generated underground, water is injected into the water to produce water vapor, there is little impact on the environment, and large-scale power generation is possible. As a country of volcanoes, Japan, high-temperature rock is very common, the heat energy reserves are very rich, as a natural energy source, this power generation method will have a broad development prospects in the future. Our country *** is also an ideal place to develop high-temperature rock power generation. Sewage precipitation power generation University of Tokyo has invented a way to make sewage sediments solidified. Allegedly: this solid sediment per kilogram has 4,000 to 4,500 calories of heat, equivalent to the heat of low-quality coal. The use of it for power generation, not only can save energy, but also to protect environmental health, really two birds with one stone. Garbage power generation Canada attaches great importance to garbage disposal and treats it as fuel for power generation. They set up a power station on the edge of Lake Ontario with 90% of coal and 10% of garbage as fuel, with a generating capacity of 15,000 to 20,000 kilowatts. The proportion of garbage as energy, Dan table has accounted for 75%, Sweden accounted for 50%, Germany accounted for 30%, Japan accounted for 25%, France accounted for 21%, the United Kingdom accounted for 6%. Hungary in 1982 on the completion of a large-scale waste-to-energy plant, it has four with natural gas ignition of the garbage combustion chamber, each combustion chamber can burn 15 tons of garbage, the power station can generate electricity, but also to the heat network to provide a temperature of up to 250 ℃ steam, the garbage power station all realize automatic ratio, the staff do not have to touch the garbage directly, the design of the station pays special attention to the protection of the environment, combustion Out of the gas, with a filter to filter processing, the remaining ashes are very good fertilizer. At present, all countries in the world are trying to eliminate garbage and utilize garbage. China's garbage is located in the world's first, rational treatment and application is a priority. Blast Furnace Top Pressure Power Generation The first set of blast furnace top pressure power generation equipment of China's own design and construction of ironworks was put into formal operation in 1988. This set of equipment to generate power for 1700 kilowatts, the annual power generation of up to 10 million degrees, if each household according to two 25-watt light bulb calculation, then this set of power generation equipment for a more than 100,000 people in the city's lighting use. Plant power generation Japanese scientists found that chlorophyll can directly convert solar energy into electricity. They extracted from spinach leaves within the chlorophyll and lecithin mixture, coated in transparent tin oxide crystal sheet, using it as a positive pole placed in the "transparent battery", when it is irradiated by sunlight, it will produce electric current. Helium Fusion Power Generation Helium-3 is an alkaloid of helium, and it is safe to use it as a fusion fuel because it not only has a high calorific value, but also produces a very low dose of radiation. Japan will start research on this important technology from FY 1995 and expects to launch a probe rocket to the Moon in the early 21st century. Transportation of helium--3 collection systems from the Moon to Earth will be in 2 ...... >>

What types of power plants are there

A power plant, also known as a generating station, is a factory that converts various primary energy sources embedded in nature into electrical energy (secondary energy sources).At the end of the nineteenth century, as the demand for electrical power grew, people began to propose the idea of establishing power production centers. The development of motor manufacturing technology, the expansion of the scope of application of electric energy, and the rapid growth in the need for electricity for production led to the emergence of power plants. Now the power plant has a variety of ways to generate electricity: by coal, oil or natural gas-driven turbines to generate electricity called thermal power plants, hydroelectric power generation called hydroelectric power plants, but also some of the solar energy (photovoltaic), wind and tidal power generation of small power stations, and nuclear power plants with nuclear fuel as the source of energy has been playing an increasingly large role in many countries around the world.

Classification

Hydroelectric power plant

The use of kinetic and potential energy of water flow to produce electricity, referred to as hydroelectric power plant. The size of the water flow and the height of the head determines the size of the water flow energy. Analyzed from the point of view of energy conversion, the process is: water energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy. The production method to realize this energy conversion is generally to build a dam in the upper reaches of the river to raise the water level to cause a higher head; construction of the corresponding hydraulic facilities to effectively obtain a concentrated flow of water. The water is introduced into the turbine of the hydroelectric power plant through a diversion ditch, which drives the turbine to rotate, and the water energy is then converted into the rotating mechanical energy of the turbine. A generator directly connected to the turbine converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is boosted by the power plant's electrical system and fed into the grid. The construction of powerful hydroelectric power plants takes into account the improvement of navigation and land irrigation as well as the ecological balance. Hydroelectric power plants are categorized according to the structure of the plant and the way of water energy development as diversion-type, dam-type, and hybrid-type hydroelectric power plants; according to the performance of the plant and the degree of water flow regulation, there are runoff-type and reservoir-type hydroelectric power plants; according to the location of the plant plant arrangement, there are behind-the-dam and in-the-dam hydroelectric power plants; and according to the way of the main engine arrangement, there are above-ground and underground hydroelectric power plants. The construction cost of hydroelectric power plant is high, and the power generation capacity is limited by hydrological and meteorological conditions, but the cost of electric energy is low, and it has comprehensive benefits of water conservancy. Hydraulic turbine from the start to take full load only a few minutes, can adapt to the power system load changes, so hydroelectric power plant can serve as the system frequency regulation, peak shifting and load standby.

Small hydropower

Small hydropower is at the end of all hydropower plants in terms of capacity, which generally refers to hydropower plants with a capacity of less than 50,000 kilowatts. The proportion of small hydropower in the overall hydropower in the world is roughly 5%-6%. China can develop small hydropower resources such as the original statistics of 70 million kW, accounting for about half of the world. Moreover, China's small hydropower resources are widely distributed, especially in rural areas and remote mountainous areas, suitable for local development and utilization, not only to develop the local economy to solve the problem of the local people's difficulties in using electricity, but also to bring considerable benefits to the investor return, there are great prospects for development, it will become China's 21st century the first 20 years of the development of the hot spot.

Around the world, many developing countries have developed a series of policies to encourage private enterprises to invest in small hydropower. Due to the small investment in small hydropower plants, low risk, stable benefits, and relatively low operating costs, encouraged by a variety of national preferential policies, the country set off a wave of investment in the construction of small hydropower plants, due to the serious national shortage of electricity, the private sector to invest in small hydropower as a spring, quietly emerging. The general policy of the state to encourage the rational development and utilization of small hydropower resources is determined, and since 2003, mega hydropower investment projects have also begun to open up to private investment. According to the 11th Five-Year Plan and the 2015 Development Plan of the State Council and the Ministry of Water Resources, China will give more favorable policies to private investment in small hydropower and its development. China's small hydropower accounts for 23% of the country's developable hydropower resources, ranking first in the world.

Thermal power plants

Utilizing the chemical energy of coal, oil, natural gas or other fuels to produce electricity, referred to as thermal power plants. Analyzed from the point of view of energy conversion, the basic process is: chemical energy → thermal energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy. Thermal power plants in most countries of the world are mainly coal-fired. Coal dust and air in the power plant boiler chamber space suspension and strong mixing and oxidative combustion, the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into thermal energy. Thermal energy to radiation and heat convection transfer to the boiler within the high-pressure water medium, in stages to complete the water preheating, vaporization and superheating process, so that the water becomes high-pressure, high-temperature superheated water vapor. The water vapor is fed into the turbine through the pipeline in a controlled manner, and the turbine realizes the conversion of steam heat energy to rotating mechanical energy. The high-speed rotor of the turbine drags the generator through the coupling to send out electrical energy, which is boosted by the electrical system of the power plant and sent to the power grid.

Atomic power plant

The use of nuclear energy to produce electrical energy, also known as a nuclear power plant (nuclear power station). The individual nuclei (neutrons and protons) of an atomic nucleus have strong binding forces between them. When heavy nuclei split and light nuclei polymerize, they give off huge amounts of energy. ...... >>

What are the common ways of generating electricity

At present, the mainstream ways of generating electricity are solar power, thermal power, hydroelectric power, wind power, nuclear power, and these kinds of

Solar power is the conversion of light into electricity directly through solar panels

Thermal power and nuclear power are generated by the heating of water formed by the water vapor to drive the The difference is that one uses combustion to heat the water and the other uses the heat generated by nuclear fission to heat the water

Hydroelectricity and wind power both utilize the energy of nature to directly drive the generator to operate without additional energy conversion.