Classification of Chinese Paper-cut Works

Monochrome paper-cutting is the most basic form of paper-cutting. Paper-cutting has many colors, such as red, green, brown, black and gold, which are mainly used for window decoration and embroidery. There are mainly three ways of expression: yin engraving, yang engraving and the combination of yin and yang. Paper-cutting of embroidery patterns is often combined with cutting and stabbing. Stitching is to use the needle tip to stab small points in the details of the pattern, leaving a "hidden knife" in some parts, which can be used as the basis for changing needles in embroidery. Folding paper-cutting, silhouette and tearing paper are all manifestations of monochrome paper-cutting.

First, fold paper-cutting.

Folding paper-cut is one of the most common ways of making and expressing. The so-called folding paper-cut is a paper-cut that is folded and cut in different ways. The earliest flowers, such as "Ma Dui" and "Piled Monkey", were cut out by folding. Folding paper-cut folding method is concise, easy to make, labor-saving and time-saving, and the shape is somewhat deformed. Especially suitable for symmetrical shapes and symmetrical patterns, such as people, frogs, butterflies, turtles, reflections, fish and so on. , geometric patterns, flowers, landscapes, utensils and other themes can be adapted, and they are extremely symmetrical and can be changed into various suitable shapes. Two sides continuous, four sides continuous or multi-side continuous. Here it is.

Second, silhouette.

Silhouette is an ancient form of paper-cutting art, which expresses the shapes of people and objects through the outline, so it pays most attention to the beauty and modeling of the outline. Due to the limitation of contour modeling, silhouette generally shows the profile of people or other objects better. Its tools are mainly scissors and carving knives, and the paper is usually black or heavy color paper. When showing the silhouette of a character, it is usually cut while looking at the object. Silhouette is very suitable for showing light transmission effect, and it is a distinctive paper-cut type.

Third, tear paper.

Tearing paper is a new type evolved from traditional folk paper-cutting. Its method is to use different kinds of paper and tear out the shape by hand. Hand-cutting will naturally be greatly restricted, which is not suitable for expressing the exquisite effect of workmanship, but it is this restriction that shows its unique artistic personality and has a simple, elegant, bold and vigorous style. In the process of tearing paper, there is often a casual and natural charm. With the exploration and development of paper-cutting forms, the forms and techniques of color paper-cutting are gradually increasing, such as dyeing, color matching, color separation, color filling, woodcut, ink painting, cross-painting, color editing and so on. Each form has its own characteristics and originality: stippling and paper-cutting are moist and decorative; Color matching paper-cut is crisp and bright; Color separation paper-cut has bright color separation and rich color sense; Colorful paper-cutting is simple, clean and bright, giving people a different feeling.

First, dot dyeing paper-cutting

Dot-dyed paper-cut with color on carved paper. This paper-cut also belongs to paper engraving. In design, there are not many positive lines, and the focus is on dry small-area intaglio, leaving a large positive surface for spot dyeing. Similar to the effect of woodblock New Year pictures.

The colors used in spot-dyed paper-cut are generally magenta and magenta used in folk dyeing cloth, collectively referred to as "magenta". Dyed on paper-cut carved with white rice paper. As soon as the color melts into the raw rice paper, it immediately penetrates and spreads up and down, and can dye three or five sheets at a time. For the part with insufficient penetration, you can turn it over and fill the pen on the back. When mixed with liquor or alcohol, it has strong permeability and is used on paper with strong water absorption, such as rice paper. Because alcohol and liquor do not contain glue, the paper is still flat and wrinkle-free after alcohol volatilization, which can produce good smudge effect.

When sampling, a brush is dipped in one color and does not cross each other. The principle of color matching is like watercolor and gouache. Yellow and blue mix into green, and red and blue mix into purple. Some manufacturers use assembly lines, and the dyers are lined up. One person dyes red and yellow, and the other person dyes blue and green. When it was the last person's turn, all the dyes were used up.

Second, color paper-cutting.

Color matching paper-cutting is usually based on positive engraving. On the contrary, it is hollowed out in a large area, leaving room for color matching. Paste colored paper blocks from the back of the work, cut and carved with black paper or gold paper, and paste different colors according to skin color, clothing, utensils, flowers and trees. Use a pencil to sketch the shape of the required color matching on the copy box, then cut it out according to the shape of the pencil and stick it on with a small brush according to the position. You can set the small color block first, and then set the large color block. Color settings should be based on one tone, generally three or four colors are appropriate, and the color matching should be less and refined, paying attention to the contrast between cold and warm. Sometimes the color scheme intentionally exceeds or fails to reach the contour line, making it more vivid. For example, cutting the blush on a girl's face and cheeks into an oval shape has the artistic interest of a folk doll.

Color matching paper-cutting doesn't have to be complete everywhere. Whether it is all or part of the color matching, we should consider whether it is necessary to set it, and beware of getting twice the result with half the effort. All color matching should strengthen the main theme, and local color matching should pay attention to few but fine, which plays the role of finishing touch.

Although color-matching paper-cutting is more free and better to choose, one more color really plays the role of one more. Two colors can be summarized. Never add a third color. Exquisite colors, concise and just right techniques are superb performances of art.

Third, color separation and paper cutting.

Some color-separated paper-cuts are also called cut-and-paste paper-cuts. It is a collage of two or more monochrome paper-cuts, which is basically monochrome paper-cuts. This is a painting made of paper-cuts of different colors and shapes. Collage combination should pay attention to the coordination between colors, not too trivial. Another method is to divide paper-cutting into main grain and shading, and then use shading to set off the main grain and overlap and collage. For example, in a paper-cut, the sky is blue, the clouds are white, the ground is grass green, the yurt is purple-gray, and the camel is ochre. Cut them separately and then paste them together. This paper-cut is colorful and decorative.

Fourth, color paper-cutting

Color-filled paper-cut is also called pen-colored paper-cut, and pen-and-ink painting is used when coloring. The specific method is to paste the black paper-cut on the white base paper and draw it on the outline of the line with a pen. The effect of flat painting is similar to that of color paper-cutting, but the technique is different. Shading changes and natural blooming can occur after color filling. Be careful not to be dull and repeatedly alter with a pen, so as to make full use of the effect of natural immersion.

Five, woodcut paper-cutting

Woodcut paper-cutting is a paper-cutting form combining printing with cutting and carving. Some of its methods are carving after woodcut printing, dyeing on the paper-cut printed by woodcut, and directly printing into paper-cut effect for direct application. Woodcut paper-cutting is similar to folk woodblock New Year pictures and can be produced in large quantities. It is mostly used to express China traditional opera characters, fairy tales and other themes, which is more expressive than pure engraving paper, but not as perfect and natural as dot-dyed engraving paper.

Six, ink-jet paper cutting

Ink-jet paper-cutting is a kind of paper-cutting dyed with a pen (spray gun). It can be sprayed on the backing paper or on the mounted paper-cut. The fog spots sprayed with a pen include fog, morning dew, frost and snow, rain beads and other special effects. Points are divided into size and density.

Seven, draw paper-cuts.

Sketch paper-cutting is a combination of paper-cutting and painting. One is mainly to cut and engrave, but also to draw details with brushes, and some use lines to tick off the picture, and then use scissors to hollow out and leave blank; The other is to carve the general outline of the pattern with gold paper, leave some parts blank and mark the lines appropriately. Because it is a combination of cutting and painting, many details can be drawn directly with strokes. The combination of paper-cutting and painting can produce a new interest, which not only uses painting techniques, but also retains the uniqueness of paper-cutting.

Eight, color paper-cutting.

Color-coded paper-cutting is a kind of paper-cutting type with both editing and cutting. It is made of paper strips of various colors, which are cut and woven in different ways to form various geometric patterns, flowers, animals, people and so on. Its bright lines and unique composition not only have decorative functions, but also have a wide range of practical values, which can be used for mat weaving, basket weaving, embroidery, children's handicrafts and so on. Three-dimensional paper-cutting can be monochrome or color. It uses the comprehensive techniques of painting, cutting, folding and gluing to make a new paper-cut close to sculpture and relief. It absorbs the skills of modern art, fully embodies the characteristics of realism and artistic romance, and makes the paper-cut become three-dimensional from plane feeling, which can be used for decorative modeling and children's hand-making.