Social management and services

With the deepening of reform and opening up and the rapid development of socialist market economy, various social contradictions and problems are increasing. How to adapt to the new situation and new requirements, improve the level of public services and strengthen social management functions has become a major issue facing governments at all levels. The so-called public service refers to the government's guarantee for the public to participate in social, economic, political and cultural activities, including the services provided by the government to promote the construction of urban and rural public facilities and develop public undertakings such as education, science and technology, culture, health and sports. Improving the level of public service is the core idea of public management and government reform in the 20th century. The so-called social management is to manage and standardize social organizations and social affairs according to law by formulating social policies and regulations, resolve social contradictions, and safeguard social justice, social order and social stability. Public service is based on cooperation, emphasizing government services and citizens' rights; Social management is based on administrative compulsion and guaranteed by law, and the government plays a leading role in adjusting and restraining social relations.

Over the years, governments at all levels in China have actively explored the practice of strengthening social management and public services, but overall, the functions of government social management and public services are still relatively weak, and there are still many outstanding problems to be solved urgently. As far as social management is concerned, China's traditional social management model is a centralized management model with a high degree of integration of government and society, which leads to the lack of self-management and self-development ability of society and ultimately affects the coordinated and healthy development of society. At the same time, this management model also makes government departments bloated, overlapping levels, overstaffed people, low efficiency and high management costs. As far as public services are concerned, the government has undertaken too many public services, and the scope of controlling public services is still too wide to meet the needs of social investment diversification and consumption diversification. On the other hand, the government pays too much attention to investment and ignores the effect of service, and the concept of serving the public has not been fully established. Moreover, the public services provided by the government have problems such as urban-rural imbalance and regional imbalance.

According to the requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development, in order to effectively perform the government's social management and public service functions, it is urgent to solve the following problems: First, innovate the social management and public service mechanism. Due to the complexity of social affairs and the diversity of social public needs, we should give full play to the enthusiasm of the government, social organizations and citizens, and form a new mechanism of social management and public service for government regulation, social organizations and citizens' cooperation. Secondly, we should constantly improve the quality of public goods and services. By establishing and perfecting a unified, fair and transparent legal system and public policy system, we will create a good institutional and policy environment and continuously improve the quality of government public services. Third, speed up the establishment and improvement of emergency mechanisms for various emergencies. Strengthening the integration of various social management mechanisms and finally forming an emergency management system that effectively covers the whole society is an urgent problem to be solved in current social management. Of course, while emphasizing the perfection of emergency mechanism, we can't ignore the further improvement and perfection of social normal management mechanism.