Management Status of Taxi Industry in Shanghai

Research on the Development and Management of Taxis in Shanghai (Abstract)

Release date: [2002-0 1-0 1]

Research on the Development and Management of Taxis in Shanghai (Abstract)

The call number AD5203000-2004-00 1 was generated in 2002-001-0/.

Research on the Development and Management of Taxis in Shanghai (Abstract)

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The White Paper on Urban Traffic in Shanghai puts forward that the overall goal of Shanghai's urban development strategy is to build a comprehensive transportation system of an international metropolis, adapt to the growing demand with a high-quality, efficient and integrated giant transportation system, and comprehensively enhance the city's comprehensive competitiveness.

In order to implement the overall goal of Shanghai's urban transportation development strategy and meet the convening of the 20 10 World Expo, the taxi industry is carrying out strategic exploration and practical promotion on the development and management of the taxi industry in the tenth five-year plan and the next ten years with a forward-looking strategic vision and a prudent scientific attitude, so as to finally meet the requirements of the industry's tenth five-year plan and fully realize the personalized positioning of taxis in the urban comprehensive transportation system; Form an industrial automobile supply system with complete dispatching function, reasonable site layout and advanced operation mode; Form an industry management mechanism with stable employees, standardized operation services and satisfactory passenger satisfaction index; Form a new goal of optimizing industry structure, orderly market operation, government supervision according to law, self-discipline of industry associations, and open and fair market operation environment.

First, the characteristics and positioning of taxi industry

Taxi is a kind of passenger transport mode with no fixed route, no fixed station and high-level service.

(1) Among various modes of urban public transportation, subway, light rail and bus (electric) all have fixed routes and stops, but taxis are flexible and can stop at different routes to achieve door-to-door.

(2) In all modes of urban public passenger transport, except taxis for one car per household, the rest are group transport, with multiple households and one carriage. Therefore, taxis must emphasize comfort and enjoyment.

(3) In Shanghai, a megacity, road resources are extremely limited. With the increase of motor vehicles, the situation of road congestion cannot be fundamentally changed. There are nearly 50% taxis in Shanghai. From the long-term and overall situation of road vehicle coordination policy and road traffic, taxis are required to speed up the process of informationization and intelligence, change the industry operation mode, change idling along the way, and promote all localities to power up roads.

(4) Shanghai is building municipal sub-centers, sub-centers and residential centers, and the centers at all levels with balanced distribution are public service and activity distribution centers. At the same time, the connection between urban traffic and external traffic, as well as the transfer of public traffic in the city, is building a number of hub stations, anchoring rail transit and ground bus networks to provide transfer convenience.

Second, the status quo and problems

2. 1 historical evolution

In March, 1985, the municipal government issued "Shanghai Taxi Passenger Transport Management Regulations". In April, Shanghai Public Passenger Transport Management Office was established. By 1986, there were 600 enterprises and 8000 taxis in the city. From 65438 to 0988, the municipal government rectified the taxi market, and the situation of "difficulty in renting a car" was obviously improved.

1In June, 1995, the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress promulgated the Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Taxi Management, which gave the taxi industry a higher level of legal protection. By the end of the same year, there were 600 taxi companies in the city, with self-employed individuals 1 10,000 people and 37,000 taxis of various types, with an average daily service of 425,700 passengers. The service quality remained stable, and the vehicle condition and appearance were obviously improved, which initially achieved the goal of balance between supply and demand.

2.2 Status quo

The comprehensive level of industry and enterprise management, technology introduction, market satisfaction and operation level are all in the leading position in the country. The industry has formed three business models: city taxi, suburban taxi and taxi, and formed seven brands: Volkswagen, Johnson & Johnson, Jinjiang, Public Transport, Agriculture, Industry and Commerce, Lanlian and Franhong. The number of vehicles of these seven brands accounts for 80% of the total industry.

2.3 Industry Development Achievements

During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period and the first two years of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the taxi industry entered a stage of stable development, with the scale of the industry expanding day by day, the number of operating vehicles increasing year by year, the number of service trains increasing, and the operating enterprises merging and reorganizing, and gradually standardizing their operations according to law.

2.4 There is a problem.

The business model needs to change.

There is a great mismatch between industry infrastructure and industry scale.

The professional quality of employees needs to be improved urgently.

Industrial structure and resources need to be optimized.

Third, the industry development forecast

Shanghai has entered a new era of traffic construction and development. Traffic construction has developed from paying back accounts and adapting to functions, hubs, networking and integration in the 1990s.

3. 1 Impact of traffic structure changes on taxis

3. 1. 1 The central area is mainly rail transit, the peripheral area is mainly rail transit and ground bus, and cars are developed in the suburbs. Taxi is an integral part of urban traffic and a supplement to rail transit and ground bus.

3. 1.2 rail transit is put into use in large quantities, and forms a network and passenger corridors, which is convenient for transfer, and will highlight the advantages of speed, safety, convenience and low price (compared with taxis), which is very attractive to passengers. First of all, attract passengers in the same direction on both sides of the taxi. Secondly, attract long-distance passengers through taxis. Thirdly, taxi passengers passing through congested areas are also diverted by rail transit.

3. 1.3 scientifically adjusting bus routes, setting up stations reasonably, strengthening coordination and matching, optimizing dispatching means, improving ride comfort, implementing ticket system reform and improving the implementation of quality services will definitely increase the competitiveness of ground buses.

3. 1.4 The rapid development of private cars will reduce the number of regular taxi passengers. It is estimated that Shanghai's per capita GDP will exceed $6,000 in 2005. At present, the per capita and per household car ownership in Shanghai is not high, and there is a lot of room for development. Cars first enter high-income families, and then enter middle-and high-income families in large numbers. In the near and medium term, after owning a private car, passengers who often take taxis will inevitably reduce the use of taxis. Even in the long run, after a number of "P+R" transfer facilities are built in Shanghai, there will be more cars transferring to rail transit and fewer taxis.

3.2 taxi development growth factors

3.2. 1 Shanghai maintains double-digit GDP growth 10 years. The huge market and development prospects attract international capital, multinational companies and chain enterprises to enter Shanghai. In 200 1 year, the proportion of foreign investors in industrial investment projects in the city reached 67%, and the number of wholly-owned enterprises exceeded that of joint ventures. The establishment of a large number of financial (banking, insurance, trust, brokerage), trade, intermediary and other institutions will make the huge white-collar and gold-collar class become frequent visitors to taxis.

Shanghai is not only opening to the outside world, but also actively forming the second sector of opening to the outside world. The proportion of domestic joint ventures and private enterprises from other provinces and cities renting taxis in Shanghai will continue to rise.

3.2.2 The living standards of urban and rural residents have been greatly improved year by year. People not only improve their living conditions, but also pursue the improvement of travel quality. Take the car instead of walking, pay attention to speed, convenience and comfort.

3.2.3 Shanghai will develop convention and exhibition industry, tourism industry and logistics industry ... With the enhancement of urban functions and the improvement of its central position, many domestic and foreign tourists, tourists, participants, visitors, relatives and friends will come to Shanghai, and the floating population in Shanghai will remain above 3 million every day. In 2006, 0,300 large-scale conferences (excluding APEC meetings) were held in Shanghai. Organizers of festivals, large-scale conferences and exhibitions basically use car rental to solve the problem of picking up and dropping off vehicles for conferences and festivals, and taxis are becoming more and more popular.

3.2.4 Shanghai promotes urban-rural integration with "one city and nine towns". With the expansion of suburban urban areas, the overall economic growth and the improvement of living standards, the taxi business in suburban areas will show a trend of substantial growth.

3.2.5 After the reform of official vehicles is fully implemented, people who use official vehicles for official activities and cannot drive by themselves will switch to taxis, thus stimulating the increase of taxi business.

3.3 Shanghai taxi development trend

From the overall development trend, before the scale and network of rail transit are formed and cars enter the family on a large scale, the taxi passenger volume still grows slowly, showing a slight upward trend; During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the taxi passenger volume will be in a relatively stable state. Therefore, the current taxi scale can maintain a balance between supply and demand in the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" and for a considerable period of time.

As the main body of urban traffic, rail transit mainly undertakes medium and long-distance travel; As the basis of urban transportation, bus (electric vehicle) takes advantage of wide coverage, mainly undertakes short-distance travel and serves for rail transit lightering; As a supplement to urban transportation, taxis play the advantage of flexible service. In international metropolises such as Tokyo, in the next five to ten years, under the current freight rate model, the average passenger distance will be shortened, and taxi service and passenger travel will increase steadily. However, due to the extraordinary development of rail transit and the increase in the proportion of passenger traffic, the proportion of taxi passenger traffic in the total passenger traffic of urban public transport will decrease relatively.

Four. Goals and ideas

4. 1 background and basis

2/KLOC-0 The first five to ten years of the century is a new stage for Shanghai to accelerate the construction of one of the international economic, financial, trade and shipping centers, establish its status as a socialist modern international metropolis, and comprehensively improve its comprehensive competitiveness. Shanghai will accelerate the comprehensive transportation process characterized by deep-water port, airport, information port and rail transit network, expressway network, inland waterway network and humanization, high quality, integration and science and technology. Shanghai will host the World Expo in 20 10. Shanghai taxi industry is facing severe challenges and new development opportunities.

4.2 Guiding ideology

Focusing on the strategic goal of building a comprehensive transportation in Shanghai, and guided by market demand, we will vigorously optimize the industry structure, fully promote the reform of operation mode, comprehensively improve the service quality, technical level and comprehensive strength of the taxi industry, fully embody the "people-oriented" service purpose, and make the taxi industry play a more active role in Shanghai's economic construction.

4.3 Basic principles

Change with the trend, innovate constantly, and locate reasonably in the change and integration of urban traffic pattern.

Adapt to the development needs of the whole society and promote the overall development of the whole industry.

Comply with the overall urban planning, and comprehensively improve the industry energy level and service level.

Establish a market economic system and create a fair, just and open competitive environment.

Realize informationization and intelligence, and support the sustainable development of the whole industry.

4.4 Development Goals

4.4. 1 overall goal (20 10): to build a taxi passenger transport system that is compatible with the status of an international metropolis, social and economic development and people's living needs. The service and management level is leading in China and internationally renowned.

Immediate goal (2005)

Form a flexible, comfortable, safe and accessible taxi personalized positioning in the urban comprehensive transportation system.

Form an industrial automobile supply system with complete dispatching function, reasonable site layout and advanced operation mode.

Form an industry management mechanism with stable employees, standardized operation services and satisfactory passenger satisfaction index.

Form an open, just and fair market operation environment with optimized industry structure, orderly market operation, legal supervision by the government and self-discipline by industry associations.

Improve the quality of the industry in an all-round way, and the service management has reached the first-class in China, close to the level of international advanced cities (Tokyo, Japan).

Verb (abbreviation of verb) countermeasures and measures

5. 1 Change the operation mode.

Yangzhao (abbreviated as Yangzhao) is a popular taxi operation mode in the world. In the late 1980s, taxis in Shanghai began to implement the policy of "recruiting". With the implementation of economic contract system in industry distribution, sheep recruitment has quickly become the main mode of operation of the whole industry.

However, some countries with advanced taxi management in the world (Germany, etc. ) As early as 20 years ago, we discovered the disadvantages of taxi recruitment, and reformed the taxi operation mode with advanced technology and effective use of road resources. When people rent a car by phone, the dispatching center sends instructions to the nearest car in the scattered taxi parking spots in the city through the satellite positioning system. Therefore, it is difficult to see empty taxis on the road, which reflects efficiency, economy and environmental protection.

In order to improve the operation efficiency and make room for roads, it is urgent to change the taxi operation mode.

Establish an industry information service (dispatching) center.

Establish a static network of taxi stations

5.2 Strengthen the monitoring means of taxi industry.

Strengthen the rational allocation of industry resources

Conditional implementation of market-oriented operation

Improve the monitoring system of taxi service quality

Reduce labor intensity and eliminate fatigue driving

5.3 upgrade the grade of leased vehicles

The basic requirements for special taxi models are:

Beautiful appearance and good power.

Advanced facilities and reasonable layout.

Safe and reliable, comfortable to ride.

5.4 Improve the quality of drivers in an all-round way.

The cultivation and improvement of taxi drivers' professional quality is the key to improve the industry level and achieve the goal of "first-class domestic and international". The industry management department will implement this project from two aspects.

Raise the threshold for entering the industry

Strengthen training in the industry

Constantly expand the team of middle and high-star drivers.

5.5 Realizing management informatization

According to the requirements of the construction and development of taxi industry, strengthening informatization is an important measure of industry management. In order to continuously improve the informatization and modernization level of industry construction and management, the informatization of industry management will be accelerated during the tenth five-year plan period.

Construct a network operation framework covering industries and wide fields.

Strengthen the development and application of industry information resources.

Intransitive verb policy guarantee

6. 1 Further transform government functions

6.2 Implementation of investment and financing policies

6.3 Improve the legal system

6.4 Comprehensive coordination organization and implementation