Hakka context is a masterpiece of dragon dance.

Text/Wei Jianfeng Qiu Ruini Lai Jiahua Chen Zhengkun Yu Yi

In Puzhai Town, Fengshun County, Meizhou City, during the Lantern Festival, people use bamboo sticks and straw to form a "golden dragon", install firecrackers and incense on the "golden dragon", and set off dancing "golden dragon" with gongs and drums, commonly known as "burning dragon", in order to pray for good weather and abundant crops. This is a folk ritual and custom of exorcising evil spirits and praying for blessings handed down from generation to generation in Puzhai since the sixth year of Qing Dynasty (174 1).

Dragon dance makes festivals.

As an ancient totem, dragon has a lofty position in the hearts of Hakkas. Not only do dragons often appear in Hakka traditional buildings, but so do the "Five Dragon Gods" enshrined under the tablets in the ancestral hall. On festive days, Hakkas will use dragon dancing to pray for the blessing of dragons. Puzhai Fire Dragon is one of the most ornamental Hakka dragon dances.

The performance of "Puzhai Fire Dragon" is usually held on the evening of Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month of each year. What is special is that the dragon head, dragon body and dragon tail are skillfully tied with different fireworks and firecrackers, such as "burning Yumen", "burning smoke rack" and "burning dragon". At the same time, more than 100 people performed with the FireWire Team, Hi Gun Team, Dragon Lantern Team and Drum Band.

"Burning Yumen" is also called "carp yue longmen". Yumen is six meters high, has a main entrance and two small doors, and is more than ten meters wide, which looks like a memorial archway door. Door couplets often use "dragon and phoenix dance songs, fish jump in prosperity, happiness and peace" There are all kinds of fireworks everywhere in Yumen, and there is also a "water fish" performance when burning Yumen. This project is based on the historical story of Dayu's water control. Under the "Yumen", groups of carp and shrimp swim, paddle and jump under the guidance of Austrian fish, which is a peaceful scene.

"Smoke rack" is also called "flaming tree". The "smoke rack" is more than ten meters high and has eleven different levels of fireworks landscape, which can be displayed in an orderly manner from bottom to top. In an instant, dragons landed, flower baskets were paired, silver flowers landed, the ship returned from a bumper harvest, carp took a tour, auspicious couplets, colorful flower baskets, thousands of arrows pierced the sky, pearl lanterns were paired, disks bloomed, flowers bloomed, and the moon and circles appeared constantly.

The highlight is "burning dragon", which is divided into three steps: "releasing dragon", "burning dragon" and "returning dragon". "Golden Dragon" is generally carried out of the hole by more than 60 shirtless strong men. While the "Golden Dragon" keeps dancing up and down, the fire will spread with the fuse and ignite the fireworks on the dragon one by one. "Golden Dragon" instantly became a "fire dragon", with silver flowers splashing and sparks flying everywhere. Dragon dancers skillfully "control the dragon" in colorful flames, and the dragon seems to come alive, tumbling and dancing in the sea of fire, making actions such as opening his mouth and spitting beads, bending down and wagging his tail to spray fire, which is magnificent and spectacular. At this time, people around will not only avoid sparks, but also rush forward to get the "dragon soul", saluting and cheering one after another, which is very lively.

Ingenuity remains unchanged, and skills are passed down.

Puzhai Town, Fengshun County is known as "the hometown of fire dragons in China", "the hometown of folk culture and art in China" and "the hometown of ethnic folk art in Guangdong".

Like many ordinary people, Zhang Zijin witnessed his ancestors making fire dragons from an early age, but he began to help make fire dragons from an early age and showed amazing talent. He often ponders: "What kind of dragon is more imposing, and how to draw the dragon forest more smoothly ... I often think about these issues." It seems that making fire dragons is the same. In fact, because the process is complicated and there are no drawings, everyone makes different fire dragons. "If you want to be a good dragon, you must concentrate. If you do something and think about something else, you can't do it well. " Zhang Zijin loves to study hard and can withstand his temper. The fire dragons he makes are always lifelike. In 2008, Zhang Zijin took over the "baton" and became the third generation of fire dragon inheritors.

On 20 18, Zhang Zijin was recognized as the representative inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage representative project. In order to let the "Puzhai Fire Dragon" go out, he often takes his own fire dragon to perform in Chaoshan area, Pearl River Delta, Fujian and other places to let more people know about this folk art.

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The integration of tradition and modernity

Charm of large-scale fire dragon live performance exhibition

"Crossing the streets and alleys from the folk customs, the dragon is grand, with auspicious clouds, rainbows and lightning. In the sound of drum music, people around you saw it strutting, and the invisible dragon tail stirred up the whole country. " As Fengshun poet Chen Zaishi said, every year, the dragon performance in Puzhai is very lively, attracting tens of thousands of people around, but there are still many viewers who can't see the grand occasion, and intangible culture is also facing the dilemma of "promotion".

Performing dragon scenery on Chashan Mountain

In order to further activate and make good use of this national intangible cultural heritage, with the assistance of relevant departments of Meizhou City and Fengshun County, Fengshun Township of Bin Luo, combined with the characteristics of Puzhai fire dragon, built Dabaoshan tourist resort with the theme of large-scale live performance of fire dragon.

Dabaoshan Scenic Area is about 6.8 kilometers away from Fengshun County. In fact, it is a tea mountain with lush alpine green tea. After developing into a scenic spot, while retaining the tea mountain, an artificial lake will be built in the valley, surrounded by chairs, and modern lighting, sound, laser, water curtain and other elements will be added to the mountain scenery background to form a real-life performance theater.

"Meizhou is not short of beautiful scenery, especially Fengshun County, which is known as the' South Gate' of Meizhou. Therefore, at the beginning of its establishment, the scenic spot was intended to be a place where you can visit the scenery and enjoy folk performances. " Huang Yuan, the relevant person in charge of Dabaoshan Tourism Resort, said that after the selection, the theme of folk performances in their scenic spot was finally selected as "Puzhai Fire Dragon" and a live drama of "Millennium Fire Dragon" was created. Zhang Zijin, the inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage Fengshun Puzhai Fire Dragon, and his team were invited to join.

It is understood that the "Millennium Fire Dragon" live drama takes the vast and multi-level natural landscape of Dabaoshan Ecological Tea Garden as the stage, presenting a feast of "light" and "fire" for the audience. The real-life drama takes "Puzhai Fire Dragon" and its folk customs as its cultural core, and adopts the latest technologies such as water curtain holographic projection, Weiya system and naked eye 6D to make overall planning and counterpoint arrangement for live performance and video special effects, forming a stage performance effect of "combination of reality and reality", vividly showing the prosperous fire dragon culture and guest tide culture.

Establish a research camp to inherit the heritage.

How to make more people, especially young people, stimulate their interest in intangible cultural heritage, feel its charm, and how to inherit and develop intangible cultural heritage is an important topic at present. From June 5438 to June 20201October, Dabaoshan Scenic Area applied to the relevant departments to set up a practical education camp for primary and secondary school students in Dabaoshan, Meizhou City.

"The camp has developed more than 10 research and education courses such as Descendants of Dragons and Searching for Non-legacy Fire Dragons. Through curriculum education, students will be curious about the non-legacy fire dragon and interested in research. " Huang Yuan introduced that up to now, the camp has received more than 60,000 students from Meizhou, Jieyang, Shantou, Chaozhou and other schools to participate in practical education activities. Students have enriched their humanistic feelings by understanding the origin and history of Puzhai Fire Dragon. Feel the charm of national intangible culture through the team's hand-painted color "fire dragon".

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The yearning for a better life in the entries of fire dragon folklore.

Wen/Zhou (Ph.D., Secretary-General of Hakka Research Committee of China Anthropology and Ethnology Research Association)

After more than 270 years, Puzhai Fire Dragon belongs to the local folk exorcism and blessing ceremony and custom. According to folklore, villagers in Puzhai Town, Fengshun County, in order to commemorate the murderous Princess Qingfeng, every Lantern Festival, they tied bamboo sticks and straw into the shape of a "golden dragon", put firecrackers and incense, and set off dances, commonly known as "burning dragons", in order to pray for the golden dragon to come to life every year, with good weather every year.

Every New Year's Lantern Festival, people of all ages in Puzhai are eager to watch the Dragon Show and bring good luck to people. The villagers holding the "fire dragon" bare their shoulders and let the sparks fall on them. Sparks splash on the skin and blister, which means money and good luck. Tourists are not too afraid of being injured by firecrackers. It turns out that if the dragon is burned by sparks and the word "bubble" sounds similar to the word "ticket" in paper money, then you will definitely make a fortune next year. Especially the one with the faucet is even more remarkable. Everyone is fighting for money. Only those who pay the most can hold the faucet and hold the faucet. In the new year, they are bound to have good luck. People call it "getting rich"

"Puzhai Fire Dragon" has been invited to perform in many places. For example, 1987 the first folk art festival in Guangdong Province, 1989 the first Hakka Friendship Association in Meizhou City, 1990 the Fujian International Narcissus Festival, the Guangdong International Tourism and Culture Festival in 2005, the opening ceremony of the 6th Sports Meeting in Meizhou City in 2009, and the 8th World Fengshun Friendship Association in 20 10. 20 1 1 year, Taiwan Province province held large-scale activities such as "Miaoli Fire Dragon" exchange performance in Kezhuang Twelve Festival, and the wonderful performance of "Puzhai Fire Dragon" won awards flags and medals such as "Hakka Treasure", "Excellent Technology", "Bright Future" and "* * * Creating Brilliance Together". At the same time, dozens of media at home and abroad have made special reports. It is particularly worth mentioning that from February 1 2065 to February 22 +03, 2065, at the invitation of the Miaoli County Local Cultural Exchange Association of Taiwan, a group of 29 people from Fengshun County "Puzhai Fire Dragon Performance Exchange Group" went to Taiwan to participate in the 12-day "Miaoli Fire Dragon" exchange performance in Miaoli County.

The folk activity of burning dragons in Puzhai, which was staged on time on Lantern Festival night, not only showed the continuous improvement of people's living standards, but also became an important channel for Fengshun tourism and even Meizhou's foreign exchange. Puzhai fire dragon, which embodies the spirit of non-genetic inheritors and craftsmen, shows the joy and happiness of Hakka people's increasingly affluent life!

Under the guidance of the rural industry revitalization policy, Dabaoshan Eco-tourism Health Resort in Tangkeng Town, Fengshun County has performed a national intangible project. Millennium Fire Dragon combines the prosperous dragon culture, tourism culture, farming culture, modern typical cultural elements of Meizhou, folk customs and details of life, and combines light, electricity and film to draw a vivid picture of the original ecological life of the Millennium tourism tide. More importantly, Fengshun County has explored a development model of mutual promotion between folk culture and rural revitalization through the multi-party cooperation model of government guidance, private enterprise leading and cultural implantation.

Context week

A few days ago, the list of young and middle-aged writers and artists in Guangdong Province was announced, and *** 10 people were selected. Lin Wenxiang, director of Meizhou Drama Research Studio, is on the list, and his works won the first prize as a screenwriter in the 8th, 10th, 11th, 12th and 14th Guangdong Arts Festival. The mountain drama "Deng Langmei" won the Cao Yu Drama Award and Excellent Script Award in the 8th China Drama Festival, the 3rd Guangdong Five-One Project Award and the 7th Guangdong Luxun Literature and Art Award.

Recently, the 20021year "Guangdong children's reading star" and "the most beautiful children's reading promotion librarian" selection activities came to a successful conclusion. Yu Ziyang, a reader of Jianying Library in Meizhou, was awarded the title of "Guangdong Children's Reading Star (Children's Group)" in 20021year, and Wu Peiling of Meijiang District Library in Meizhou and Cheng Yanmei of Meixian Library were awarded the title of "Most Beautiful Children's Reading Promotion Librarians" in 20021year.

Recently, the deployment meeting of investigation and collection work in Hakka Culture (Meizhou) Ecological Protection Experimental Zone was held in Meicheng. The meeting called for compacting responsibilities, paying close attention to implementation, paying close attention to the inspection and acceptance of experimental areas, earnestly fulfilling the main responsibilities, strengthening inspection and supervision, thoroughly understanding standards, intensifying rectification, paying close attention to publicity, creating a strong atmosphere, and paying close attention to the implementation of various tasks.

A few days ago, the Propaganda Department of Meizhou Municipal Committee carried out the application and selection of the fifth batch of patriotic education bases in Meizhou, and finally selected 22 units including Cai's former residence as the fifth batch of patriotic education bases in Meizhou, and the Bohai Poetry Gallery was on the list. (Qiu Ruini)

Organizer/Yangcheng Evening News Agency, Guangdong Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism

Chief planner/Li Bin Du Chuangui Lin Lihai

Director of Editorial Board/Zeng Yingru Sun Aiqun Sun Quan

Coordinator of this issue/Yao Zhide of Ma Hanqing

Source | Yangcheng Evening News Yangcheng School

Editor | Zhu Guangyu