Sixth grade Chinese oral communication: introducing a nation in our country

The Yi people

are a nation formed by the continuous integration of the ancient Qiang people who went southward and the indigenous tribes in the southwest during the long-term development process. In the 6th or 7th millennium, the ancient Qiang people living in the Hehuang area in northwest my country began to develop in all directions, and one of them traveled to the southwest of the motherland. More than 3,000 years ago, the ancient Qiang people who traveled to the southwest took ethnic tribes as units and formed the "Six Yi", "Seven Qiang" and "Nine Di" in the southwestern region of the motherland, which are the so-called "Yue Song" that often appear in history books. When the ancient Qiang people traveled to the southwest, there were already two ancient ethnic groups that arrived in the southwest. ——The Baipu ethnic group became the Baiyue ethnic group. After the ancient Qiang people came to the southwest, they lived with Baipu and Baiyue for a long time, integrated with each other, and absorbed the southern culture of Baipu and Baiyue. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Kunming people and Fen. The integration of (Pu) developed into the integration of Liao people. From the Han Dynasty to the Six Dynasties, the main residents of eastern Yunnan, western Guizhou, and southern Sichuan were called So people, and sometimes they were named So people.

Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there has been a differentiation between Wuman and Baiman in the area where the Yi people lived. The Wuman tribe developed from the Kunming tribe, and the Baiman tribe was mainly composed of Sou and Pu and merged with other ethnic groups.

In the long-term formation and development, the activities of the ancestors of the Yi people once covered the heartland of the three provinces of Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou and part of Guangxi. Their core area should be the vast area adjacent to the three provinces

And the Maya. The Yi Nationality's ten-month solar calendar is a symbol of human civilization. One of the essences of the world-famous Mayan culture was the lunar calendar. In the past, most parts of my country still used the lunar calendar. A little-known ancient calendar - the Yi Nationality's ten-month solar calendar. It is speculated that this calendar originated from the ancient Fuxi and has a history of about tens of thousands of years. It traces the history of Chinese civilization to Egypt, India, and Babylon. Before the three ancient civilizations

The Yi people’s ten-month solar calendar is based on 12 zodiac signs, and 3 zodiac signs constitute one period (month), that is, 36 days are one month, and 30 zodiac signs are one week. Year. There are 10 months in a year and 360 days. At the end of the 10 months, there are 5 additional "New Year Days", which is commonly known as the "October Year". The whole year has 365 days, which is a leap year. (leap day), 366 days.

According to research, the Xiangtian Tomb of the Yi people is actually an observatory used by the ancients to observe the stars, and is closely related to the Yi solar calendar. The calendar is a long and mysterious ancient calendar. It has a profound relationship with Chinese Confucianism, Taoism, and Yin-Yang theory. There are still many "codes" to be deciphered and studied

The Yi religion has a strong primitive religious flavor. They worship many gods, mainly animistic nature worship and ancestor worship. Among the nature worships, the most important ones are the belief in spirits and ghosts.

The main festivals of the Yi people include "Torch Festival" and "Yi New Year". ", "Worship the Lord", "Mizhi Festival", "Singing Festival", etc. "Torch Festival" is the most common and solemn traditional festival in the Yi area, usually on the 24th or 20th of June in the lunar calendar. Five days. During the Torch Festival, Yi men, women and children, dressed in festive costumes, perform animal sacrifices, dance, sing, race horses, and wrestle. At night, holding torches, they go around their homes and fields, and then gather together to light bonfires. dance to tune.