Pipe-making material

After 1660, the life of the British people began to become richer and more leisure, so the British pipe manufacturers began to design and produce more complicated pipes. At first, it was a long ceramic Churchwarden, and then a variety of pipes with special shapes and different materials. Since18th century, people have used silver, ceramics, jade, agate and other materials to make pipelines. Until18th century, pipelines were mostly made of silver, porcelain clay, clay, jade and agate. The pipe-making technology in this period is very good. Although the pipes are beautiful, most of them are not very practical. It was not until the appearance of sepiolite that the pipeline was further manufactured. Sepiolite is a white light mineral (mainly produced in Turkey), which was originally used as an ornament for carving. /kloc-In the mid-8th century, craftsmen in Paris made pipes with sepiolite, and they carved pipes of various shapes with exquisite skills. At that time, the price of a pipe was as high as 50 pounds or more. Subsequently, British pipe manufacturers produced sepiolite pipes with different shapes by simple technology to reduce production costs.

At first, pipes were made only of branches or roots of plants. After people's new material selection attempts, pipes of various materials have appeared one after another. Some are made of animal bones and horns, while others are made of metals (gold, silver, copper, iron, etc.). ), others are made of various stones (sepiolite, limestone, etc.). ) and all kinds of wood, of course, some are made of glass, pottery, porcelain and other materials. Although the materials and shapes of pipes are different, heather root canal has become the first choice for making pipes because of its unique advantages such as good heat dissipation, good combustion protection and clear wood grain. Heather root is recognized as the most suitable material for making pipes in the world, and the pipes made by Heather root are also the most popular pipe varieties in the world. Western pipe smokers don't say "my pipe" when referring to his pipe, but call his pipe "my thorn". Heather grows mostly on slopes and rock walls along the Mediterranean coast, and its growth is extremely slow. The pipeline is composed of nodules deep into the surface. The pipe made of heather root is durable, fine in wood, beautiful in wood grain, breathable and heat-dissipating, and strong in flame retardancy.

Photinia root, as a barrel-making material, needs at least 15 years of nodules. The older the nodule, the better the wood, the more beautiful the wood grain, the more expensive the price, and the better the burning quality of tobacco leaves. Photinia root nodule has no annual rings, but its age can be known from the wood grain. The older the wood, the tighter the color, and the finer the grain, the more beautiful it is. Because the old roots are dense, porous and light, the burden contained in the mouth is much less, and the heat resistance and heat dissipation will naturally be better. In addition to not burning your tongue easily, it also makes tobacco that pays attention to low-temperature combustion better. Because the growing soil is very poor, it takes 30 years or even longer for a heather nodule of 5 to 10 pound to grow. A nodule this big can make about six tubes. Nodules of 350-year-old trees can be found in the 1940s, but at present, the rarest photinia is only 100 years old, and even photinia root of 50-75 years has become a treasure. Common root canals of heather use nodules of about 65,438+05 years old.

Heather root was first discovered in Corsica, France, and was used as a material for making buckets. Italian heather is mainly concentrated in Sicily, with the best quality, which is generally used for pipe making in China and rarely exported as raw materials; Greece is a big exporter of heather in the world; Before the 1960s, Algeria was a colony of France, where the French exploited a lot of heather resources. After independence, it is forbidden to export heather nodules. Morocco is a major supplier of raw materials to the French pipe industry.

Before cleaning and screening, check the heather roots for cracks and defects. Cut the heather root into bricks and bury it in the soil for 3 months. After being cut into tube blanks, they are "boiled" 12-24 hours in water, then dried in the arbor for half a year, and finally aged for several years to become tube blanks. Nevertheless, before manufacturing pipelines, pipeline manufacturers must cook these blanks with special oil for 12 hours to completely remove any potential odor and maximize future pipelines. Everything else is just so-so Careful observation, it is not difficult to find that the general pipeline can always find some faults. When the material defect is large, repair it with resin putty and sell it properly. This is very popular, but people who really appreciate the pipeline don't accept it. The reason is simple: pipes with many shortcomings can't provide good smoking enjoyment. Some pipes have tiny pits or something, and some scars are hidden in the joints, which are not easy to find. The pipe jacking is made of high-quality heather root blank by hand, with complete pattern and no defects. So make a pipe jacking! In terms of material selection, it is a bit like "Kaicui" in the gem industry. The countries with good pipelines mainly include Britain, Ireland, Italy, France, Netherlands, Denmark and Spain. The history of corncob as a pipe-making raw material should be the longest among the existing pipe-making raw materials. According to research, the original modeling tubes made and used by Indians were made of corncob.

It is an American pipe, made of corncob, air-dried for about two years, then treated by other processes, and finally glued. A corn cob can usually make two pipes. In addition to light weight and good porous heat dissipation, corncob also has the characteristics of sweet taste and unique smoking experience. However, corncob pipe has a great disadvantage, that is, once it is used for a long time, it is easy to burn, which makes the inhaled smoke taste bad. But the price is low (the price of each corn cob pipe produced in China is around 0.8 yuan). In China, sea willow, oak, jujube and other materials are used to make pipes.

Sea willow: Sea willow is not a plant, but a kind of marine life, belonging to coelenterate, whose scientific name is black coral. Sea willow has a long growth period, so it has the reputation of "Millennium underwater holy tree" among the people. There are many kinds of sea willow, about 1000, but only red willow, black willow and stone willow are common. The texture, color and grain of red willow are the best, followed by black willow and stone willow. Red willow is dark and shiny, with a little red stripe on its body; The color and shape of black willow are similar to that of red willow, and the identification method is burning. After being burned, it is red willow with brown stripes, and it is black willow without discoloration. The so-called red willow and black willow are actually the same thing, but that's because the red willow is the whole living sea willow picked from the sea, and the black willow was dead when it was picked. The whole willow plant is light brown, and the price is relatively cheap.

People make full use of the unique shape, natural color and mottled texture of willow branches collected from the sea to make various pipes and cigarette holders, as well as bracelets, rings, ornaments, tea sets, bonsai and other items. The pipes and cigarette holders made of willow are not only exquisite, but also cool and delicious for smokers to use. They won't get angry, and they won't feel boring in their mouths if they are smoked late the next day, and they still have certain medicinal value.

Most of the sea willow handicrafts come from Fujian and Guangdong, among which the sea willow carving in Dongshan, Fujian is the most famous, and the sea willow pipe and cigarette holder in Nan 'ao County, Guangdong Province are also quite famous.

Quercus acutissima: deciduous trees, up to 25 meters high; The bark is dark gray and deeply cracked; Wood is hard, non-deformable, corrosion-resistant, widely distributed all over the country and rich in resources. What is used to make a pipe is its nodule, commonly known as "Quercus acutissima pimple".

In Europe and America, there are also a few pipes made of clay pipes, porcelain pipes, metal pipes and other materials. Many countries, according to their own traditions and customs, also produce some pipes made of special materials, such as South African gourds and China pipes made of bamboo, jade and horns.