Why not be a man with both fame and fortune?

Fame is both good and bad. It's a good thing when you don't care, but a bad thing when you care. Those who seek fame will never know where the real fame comes from.

Due to the shackles of feudal traditional ethics, intellectuals in ancient China were very concerned about fame, so many people pursued fame and fortune and did things against their will for their own fame.

As a well-known scholar, Liu Yong has few works handed down from generation to generation. He doesn't seem to value his reputation at all. In fact, it is not difficult to understand Liu Yong's deep wisdom and stupidity for self-protection by carefully analyzing Gan Long's strategy of controlling ministers. Low-key talent is also a big reason why Qianlong appreciates him.

Qianlong was very dissatisfied with the courtiers' good name habits. In his view, the courtiers' reputation is getting bigger and bigger, which is not conducive to the official management of the court and to maintaining the authority of the royal family. So he often gives some lessons to those who like to get fame, and even makes big moves and kills people.

Qianlong once warned Chen Hongmou, the governor of Shaanxi Province, very sternly: "If you don't repent, you will still follow the bad habit of fishing for fame and reputation." You must not escape from our cave, and then think about asking Kuandian. "

It can be seen that Qianlong is already very angry about this. However, as a feudal tradition, a good name has become a deep-rooted aspiration of intellectuals, and it is hard to say that it will stop. In the case of continuous warnings without any effect, Gan Long came up with the idea of using Dayu to shock people's hearts, so the whole Yin family case broke out.

In the forty-sixth year of Qianlong (178 1), in March, Qianlong made a short stop in Baoding on his way back to Beijing from Wutai Mountain. Yin Jiaquan, the former Dali Temple Jiupin who retired at home, took the opportunity to ask for his father's death and worshipped in the Confucian Temple. At that time, Yin Jiaquan never imagined that this move actually brought him a fatal disaster.

Yin Jiaquan's father, Yin, is from Boye County, Zhili. In the early years of Ganlong, he served as the governor of Henan, and his reputation has always been good. He believed in Taoism and wrote many books about just life. When I was an official, I also paid great attention to accumulating virtue and doing good deeds. After returning to China to settle down, I will engage in some charitable causes such as setting up warehouses, setting up venues and learning Xingyiquan.

This Old Master Q usually worships Tang Bin of the Kangxi Dynasty most, and thinks that he is worthy of being the first Taoist in this dynasty. Because of his admiration for Tang Bin, Yin invited Tang Bin to worship at the Confucian Temple when he was governor of Henan. Although he was not recognized by the court, he improved his social status. At that time, everyone thought that he was as famous as the three famous Taoist ministers of Kangxi Dynasty-Lu, Tang Bin and Zhang Boxing, and he became famous for a time.

Yin Jiaquan lived with his father as a Taoist since childhood and knew a lot about Taoism.

When I grow up and enter the official career, I take it as my responsibility to inherit orthodoxy. When I was proud, I even claimed that I was the back of Mencius.

Yin Jiaquan was born as a juren. He was an official in Shandong, Shanxi, Gansu and other provinces, and then moved to Dali Temple, ranking among the nine ministers. But not long after, I returned to my hometown because I was old. Yin Jiaquan did not develop in his official career precisely because he was obsessed with Taoism and violated the "imperial edict". Who knows that this pedant still doesn't understand after returning home from the army, or he has lost his way, and he doesn't know what to say or feel.

After seeing Yin Jiaquan's first memorial, Qianlong was unmoved by his filial piety, but resented it. Gan Long's point of view is that whether ministers should be posthumously awarded is a very serious matter, because it is related to the life evaluation of the late minister, so it should be decided by the cabinet and drawn up by the emperor himself. And this Yin Jiaquan wants him to die just to gain the name of filial piety. What a scandal! Thinking of this, Gan Long wrote an imperial edict on Yin Jiaquan's memorial: "posthumous title is a national law, how can you ask for it?" This script should be handed over to the Ministry for punishment. I thought you were my father's business, so I didn't have to. If you don't stay at home, you will feel guilty! "Unexpectedly, Yin Guquan not only ungrateful, but also added a second passbook to the fire, driving Qianlong to the wall.

His second discount began with Lu Long's worship of Confucius Temple, and then his father hoped that Tang Bin should also be worshipped before his death. At the end of the article, it is pointed out that not only Tang Bin, but also Fan Wencheng, Li Guangdi, Gu Badai, Zhang Boxing and others are all in Tang Bin's Asia and should be invited to visit the Confucius Temple. Ganlong was really angry, and someone threatened him to do something, as if he wouldn't give up until he gave posthumous title his oath.

On the same day, I summoned Shangshu and others from the Ministry of War, showed them two passbook of Yin Jiaquan approved by Zhu, and gave the following instructions: Take off Yin Jiaquan's top hat immediately, lock it up and dissociate Beijing, hand it over to the Ministry of Punishment for punishment, and confiscate its property. In addition, Gan Long also made a special statement: assets and goods are still in the second place when the raid, if there is arrogance.

Traces, poetry books and letters should be carefully searched and played according to the facts.

From then on, Gan Long hated giving lectures. He believes that such an atmosphere will inevitably endanger the emperor's rule and make everyone grow grass in their hearts. As the saying goes, "in the name of giving lectures since ancient times, the cronies have gradually opened up."

Therefore, from the early days of his reign, Qianlong paid special attention to cracking down on cronies and suppressing the wind of giving lectures. He once warned ministers, workers and scholars to immerse themselves in Taoism and practice it. So at that time, anyone who tried to pretend to be Mr. Daoism and talked about his benevolence, righteousness and moral cultivation was ridiculed by public opinion and even caused great disaster. It is in this context that Yin Jiaquan unexpectedly appeared. He gave lectures on his own, but at the same time he invited the emperor to address a lot of nondescript Taoist ministers and rekindled the wind of giving lectures. Of course, Ganlong was very angry about it.

According to Qianlong's will, among all the books written by Yin Jiaquan, the academicians in charge of consulting books found Yin Jiaquan's "arrogance" except 13 1. It turned out that Yin Jiaquan claimed to be an "ancient and rare old man". Du Fu's poem "Seventy Years of Life" was published in the second dictionary of Gu Xi, which was not the patent of the emperor. Unfortunately, Gan Long also celebrated his seventieth birthday, calling himself "Emperor Gu Xi" and writing "On Gu Xi", which gave "Gu Xi" a monopoly. Who knows that Yin Jiaquan, who is over 70 years old, doesn't know that his eyebrows are high and his eyes are low, and he still takes "Gu Xi" as the number. As a result, he was denounced as "hypocritical".

On April 17th, forty-six years of Qianlong, after repeated interrogation, the university students and Jiuqing executed Yin Jiaquan illegally, and his relatives sat down according to law. Gan Long ordered Garn to avoid his death and decided to make a decision instead, so that his relatives could sit beside Garn to avoid his fate. At the same time, the provinces were ordered to collect and destroy 82 kinds of Yin Jiaquan's writings, and all the stone carvings and rubbings on the cliffs around the country were shoveled and ground. The confiscation of Yin Jia's works in all provinces began in March of the forty-sixth year of Qianlong, and basically ended in December of that year.

It can be seen that Gan Long's thought of "getting drunk is not for wine" is to explain to all civil and military ministers the thought of "being a nameless minister in this dynasty" through the case of Yin Jiaquan. He said: "The name of a famous minister is innocent only if he makes meritorious service to protect the country. However, having a famous minister is no longer a blessing to the country. Looking back on the previous generation, there are only a handful of loyal ministers and good generals, but adulterers follow, which shows that famous ministers are hard to find. I thought that Ji Gang was purged in this dynasty. There were no anonymous officials and no treacherous officials. " By denying the existence of famous officials, Qianlong actually deliberately belittled the role of officials in politics.

In the forty-ninth year of Qianlong (1784), Qianlong banned the local official Jiande political monument and asked the people to take off their umbrellas and boots when they left their posts. Therefore, Liu Yong, who was born in a famous family, lived comfortably and did nothing in his later years under the influence of Qianlong's thought of "being an unknown minister in this dynasty." Not only remember to attribute fame to the emperor, but also never do those "invitations" for fame.

After reading the example of Qianlong's rectification of Yin Jiaquan, we should understand why Liu Yong, as a great calligrapher and a famous poet, has few works handed down from generation to generation, because Liu Yong is a very cautious courtier and has a big picture.

In addition to the deterrent effect of the "literary inquisition" at that time, from Liu Yong's own way of being an official, he would not ask about it.

Regardless of the right or wrong of "literary inquisition", it is really something that officialdom should not have. This is a highly dangerous thing for officials, and if they are not careful, they may put themselves in danger.