What are the provisions of "Several Opinions on Strengthening Basic Scientific Research in an All-round Way" on the mechanism environment?

The Opinions on Strengthening Basic Scientific Research in an All-round Way calls for optimizing the development mechanism and environment of basic research;

1. Strengthen the top-level design and overall coordination of basic research. Strengthen overall planning, concentrate resource elements, aim at the forefront of world science and technology development, and highlight original innovation. Under the mechanism of inter-ministerial joint meeting of national science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ), set up a basic research strategy advisory Committee to judge the development trend of basic research, carry out basic research strategy consultation, and put forward major needs and work deployment suggestions for basic research in China. Strengthen the coordination between the central, local and central departments, and promote the integration and development of basic military-civilian research. Combine the construction of world-class scientific research institutions, world-class universities and first-class disciplines to promote the integration of science and education in basic research.

2. Establish a diversified investment mechanism for basic research. We will increase the central government's support for basic research and improve the long-term stable support mechanism for universities, research institutes and scientists. We will adopt government guidance and tax leverage, implement policies such as adding and deducting R&D expenses, explore new R&D institutions, joint funding and charitable donations, and encourage enterprises and social forces to increase investment in basic research. Explore a new mechanism for organizing and implementing major national basic research tasks jointly funded by the central and local governments. Local governments should increase their support for basic research according to the needs of local economic and social development.

3. Further deepen the reform of scientific research projects and fund management. Improve the mechanism of project organization, declaration, evaluation and decision-making that conforms to the laws of basic research, and pay more attention to the research direction, talent team and innovation ability when selecting basic research projects. Simplify the task book and budget book of basic research projects, implement the autonomy in the use of funds by legal entities and researchers, so that researchers can have enough time to concentrate on scientific research and let funds serve people's creative activities. Explore the mechanism of directly entrusting the national science and technology innovation base to undertake national scientific research tasks.

4. Promote the integration of basic research and applied research. On the basis of attaching importance to original and subversive inventions, we will vigorously promote applied technological innovation in key areas such as intelligent manufacturing, information technology, modern agriculture, resources and environment, and link original innovation with industrialization through applied research. Innovate the system and mechanism, promote the integration of basic research, applied research and industrialization, promote the cooperation and integration of innovation subjects such as scientific research institutes, universities, enterprises and makers, and make major national science and technology projects an important carrier of innovation. Give full play to the role of enterprises, especially the transformed research institutes, in the deep integration of Industry-University-Research, promote the engineering of basic research and applied research, attract domestic and foreign capital and technology, and enhance industrial competitiveness. Adapt to the new trend of open source and openness of innovation activities in the Internet era, innovate the organizational forms of basic research, explore crowdsourcing and crowdfunding of basic research, hold various forms of innovation challenges, strengthen intellectual property protection, and establish creative space for collective thinking, wisdom and problem solving.

5. Promote the opening and sharing of scientific and technological resources. Strengthen the construction of national science and technology resources service platform and scientific data management, coordinate the planning and layout of national science and technology innovation bases, promote the construction of national science data center, national germplasm resource bank, human genetic resources and experimental material library (museum), and promote the opening of national defense science and technology resources. Facing the important basic scientific problems and strategic needs, strengthen the collection of basic and public natural background data, germplasm, specimens and other basic scientific and technological resources. We will improve the national science and technology reporting system and promote the opening of more major national science and technology infrastructure, scientific data and instruments and equipment to all kinds of innovative subjects. Strengthen the audit of newly purchased large-scale scientific research instruments, and establish and improve the management mechanism and post-subsidy mechanism of scientific research facilities and instruments. Give play to the role of innovation vouchers in promoting open access to scientific research facilities and instruments, and strengthen the main responsibilities and obligations of legal entities in open access.

6. Establish and improve the evaluation mechanism that conforms to the characteristics and laws of basic research. We will carry out pilot projects of differentiated evaluation of basic research, carry out classified evaluation of different universities and research institutes, formulate corresponding standards and procedures, and improve the evaluation mechanism with innovation quality and academic contribution as the core. Free exploration of basic research mainly evaluates the originality and academic contribution of research, and explores long-term evaluation and international peer evaluation; Goal-oriented basic research mainly evaluates the effectiveness of solving major scientific problems, strengthens process evaluation, establishes a long-term supervision mechanism, and improves innovation efficiency. Support the independent layout of basic research in universities and research institutes, and expand the academic autonomy of universities and research institutes and the choice of individual research topics. Improve the incentive mechanism such as scientific and technological awards and enhance the sense of honor of scientific researchers; Establish a fault-tolerant mechanism that encourages innovation and tolerates failure, and encourage researchers to explore boldly and challenge the unknown.

7. Strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity. Adhere to the combination of scientific supervision and integrity education, and educate and guide researchers to adhere to academic integrity, abide by academic ethics, improve academic personality and safeguard academic dignity. Guide universities and research institutes to establish and improve academic management systems, track and evaluate the academic growth trajectory and academic level of researchers, and strengthen the evaluation and academic control of important academic achievements. Pay close attention to the formulation of "zero tolerance" for misconduct in scientific research, establish a correct orientation for scientific research evaluation, intensify the crackdown on scientific research fraud, and consolidate the foundation of scientific research integrity in China.

8. Promote the popularization of science and promote the scientific spirit and innovative culture. Give full play to the important role of basic research in spreading scientific ideas, promoting scientific spirit and innovative culture, and encourage scientists to popularize scientific knowledge to the public. Promote innovative bases such as state key laboratories to carry out various forms of popular science activities for the society.