Outline of a classic review of Introduction to Literature (6)

-Nouns Explained-

Modern Narratology: the study of narrative art theory and critical methods concerned with the structural methods of narrative works.

Chinese Narratology: a synthesis of traditional Western narratology and modern narratology, with innovative and individual narrative research methods and theoretical constructs.

Narrative: the literary activity of organizing the actions and events of characters through language, thus constituting the world of art.

Dimensions of Narrative: observing and analyzing narrative activities from different angles and levels. Narrative language, narrative content, narrative action.

Narrative language: oral or written statements that make the story presentable. Narrative time, narrative perspective, narrative markers.

Narrative time: the temporal relationship between story time and text time. Spacing, order, frequency.

Spacing: the relationship between the length of the story and the length of the text. Omission, overview, scene, slowdown, pause.

Sequence: the relationship between the sequence of events in story time and the sequence of language in text time.

Frequency: the relationship between the repetition of narrative language or story content itself.

Narrative perspective: the particular angle from which the content of the story is viewed and told in the narrative language, determined by the narrator's persona.

Third-person narration: narration from the point of view of a bystander who has nothing to do with the story. Omniscient point of view, depriving the reader of the right to explore for understanding.

First-person narration: both the narrator and a character in the story.

Second-person narration: the main character or a character in the story is referred to as "you".

Shifting point of view and persona: a narrative that alternates between two or more narratives.

Narrative markers: Narrative devices that serve as markers for understanding the story.

Narrative content: what the literary text narrates, the story itself. Characters, structure, action.

Story: the basic component of narrative content, involving events, plot, and situation.

Event: the actions of the characters in the story and their consequences.

Plot: a series of events organized logically.

Scenario: the actual scenes and situations in which the characters' actions are combined with the environment.

Characters: images that drive the story forward and are specific and vivid. There are five types of flat, round, ideographic, typical, and character characters.

Representational characters: characters that do not have character connotations but merely represent some abstract idea.

Character characters: characters with a certain nature, temperament and other psychological and personality characteristics.

Structure: the overall existence of the various parts of the story form. It is divided into surface structure and deep structure.

Surface structure: the relationship between the narrative units in accordance with the narrative order.

Deep structure: the elements of the story in accordance with the cultural background of the story of some kind of internal structural relationships arranged and organized beyond the narrative order of the whole.

Action: a character's purposeful behavior. Narrative function, narrative logic, symbolic matrix.

Narrative function: a pattern of character behavior based on the character's specific role in the plot process.

Narrative logic: patterns of character behavior summarized according to the logical possibilities of the character.

Symbolic matrix: a rectangular schema composed of four symbolic elements showing the meaning of the character's actions.

Narrative action: the very act of telling a story. The narrator, the receiver.

Author: the person who creates the work.

Implied author: the author after entering the narrative activity of the work.

Narrator: the person who tells the language of the work.

Narrative voice: the tone or underlying attitude that reflects the narrator's narrative action. Explicit narrator, implicit narrator.

-Short Answer Questions-

1. Briefly describe the development of narratology in China and the West?

1. western: myth, epic - drama - long story 2. china: myths and legends, fables and tales, shiqi legend - "talking", drama - long story II. What is the development of the theory of narrative art in China and the West?

2. Ancient Greek Aristotle, Poetics, Fiction, Plot-Ancient Roman Horace, The Art of Poetry, Characterization-French Boileau, Typology-Hegel, Character-centeredness-Engels, Typical Setting Typical Character 2. Late Ming Dynasty. Critical Style-Liang Qichao, Revolution in Fiction-Wang Guowei