What are the misunderstandings of desertification control in China?

There are three misunderstandings in desertification control in China, namely, emphasizing construction and neglecting protection; Afforest large areas in arid areas and grassland areas, and block sandstorms with trees; Believe that man can conquer nature, but ignore the self-repairing ability of nature. Let's listen to Jie's expert's introduction to three misunderstandings of desertification control in China.

Water is a key issue in desertification control.

The ecological problem of Minqin is essentially a water problem. Water is an oasis and water is a desert. Not only Minqin, but also the whole Hexi Corridor. Water is not only the lifeblood of agriculture, but also the lifeblood of human survival.

But at present, there are serious problems in the utilization of water resources.

Qiu Weiduo, chief expert of ecological environment construction, water and soil resources development and water-saving irrigation in China Technology Market Management Promotion Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Business News that low-and medium-yield fields account for 60% of the cultivated land area, and desertified and desertified land accounts for 45.58% of the land area. Whether it is the transformation of low-yield fields or the prevention and control of land desertification, it is inseparable from the investment of boiling water resources and the support of irrigation technology.

"In China, the waste of water resources caused by backward irrigation technology is as high as 50% to 60% of the total water consumption in the country, and the traditional surface irrigation technology is the chief culprit of water shortage in China." He analyzed that the existing effective irrigation area in China is 8 1 10,000 mu, of which 98% still uses the ancient flood irrigation technology. Due to the backward technology, the water loss in the water conveyance channel above the bucket canal accounts for 60% of the total irrigation water consumption, and the water loss in the field channel and the deep leakage loss in the field account for 70% of the irrigation water consumption. It can be seen that irrigation is not only a waste of water resources, but also a field with the greatest water-saving potential.

Qiu Weiduo is promoting drip irrigation technology in Alashan and other places. He said that two thirds of Israeli land is desert, and the per capita water resources are only 12% of China's. They invented the drip irrigation technology, which led the water from 145 km away to the desert, and made efficient use of water resources through drip irrigation, thus building a developed agriculture in the world. This drip irrigation technology was introduced in China from 1974. After 30 years' unremitting efforts, the scientific and technical personnel in China made innovations on the basis of studying the drip irrigation technology abroad and combining with the national conditions in China, and formed the drip irrigation technology in China. The project cost is only 1/5 to 1/10 of that of drip irrigation in Israel, and it is suitable for all kinds of crops except rice and ecological crops to control desertification.

According to Qiu Weiduo, China has built a semi-fixed drip irrigation system of 1 1,000 mu on the Loess Plateau, and the yield of drip irrigation wheat is 300% higher than that of dry land wheat.

"We should learn from Dingxi's immigration to Hexi and blindly expand the oasis. Prevent the shortage of water resources and the reclamation of desert-oasis transition zone. At present, it is important to step up the ecological restoration in the downstream Minqin area, appease people's hearts, and call on the masses to participate in the environmental restoration and construction in their hometown. " At present, we can adopt a laissez-faire policy of "neither supporting nor restraining" for "resource-based ecological immigrants". Chen Guangting said.

As an important achievement of the national "973 project to prevent and control desertification", the report "Deserts and Desertification in China" holds that the way out for agriculture in the northwest desertification area lies in determining the northern boundary of dry farming and implementing the policy of "returning farmland to forests and grasslands". Innovating farming system and implementing agricultural machinery reform; The way out for forestry in the desertification area of northwest China is to "fit the land and trees" according to the characteristics of forest base ecology; The way out for animal husbandry in northwest desertification areas is to strictly protect and rationally use natural grassland, establish artificial grassland with different proportions according to local conditions, comprehensively control degraded grassland and establish a management system for sustainable utilization of grassland ecosystem.

According to Liu Tuo, director of the National Office of Desertification Control, the Decision of the State Council on Further Strengthening Desertification Control issued in June 5438+February, 2005 has clearly stated that it is necessary to follow the laws of nature and economy, establish and consolidate a national ecological security system with forest, grass and vegetation as the main body in sandy areas, and fight a tough battle in the stalemate stage of ecological construction. Strive to achieve 20 10, and the ecological conditions in key areas will be improved; By 2020, more than half of the desertified land that can be treated in China will be treated, and the ecological situation in the sandy areas will be significantly improved; By the middle of this century, the desertification land that can be managed in China has basically been managed.