Traditional chemotherapy drugs in hospital

Chemotherapy for breast cancer Almost all anticancer drugs play a role in cell division. Because normal cells don't divide as frequently as cancer cells, they are not susceptible to the fatal effects of anticancer drugs. In addition, different anticancer drugs can be applied to cancer cells at different growth stages, so as to kill cancer cells to the maximum extent and help improve the curative effect. The commonly used chemotherapy schemes in clinic are: ① improved CMF scheme; ②AF scheme; ③ Exchange plan.

CMF plan;

CTX- cyclophosphamide; MTX- methotrexate 15-Fu-5- fluorouracil.

CTX600 mg, intravenous injection.

MTX 1o ~ 15mg, intravenous injection.

5-FU500 mg, intravenous drip.

Among the above three drugs, MTX was injected first, and CTX and 5-FU were injected after 6 hours to achieve drug synergy. Give/kloc-0 once every 7 ~ 10 days, 2 ~ 3 times each time, and stop using for 2 ~ 3 weeks. For 1 ~ 2 years.

(2)AF scheme:

ADM- adriamycin; 5- fluorouracil.

ADM 30 ~ 40 mg, intravenous injection; 500mg 5-Fu, intravenous drip, every 3 weeks 1 time.

(3) Exchange plan:

ADM- adriamycin; CTX cyclic amine phosphate.

ADM 30 ~ 40mg, intravenous injection; CTX600 mg, intravenous injection, 65438 0 times every 3 weeks.

AF scheme and AC scheme: rest every 3 ~ 5 months 1 ~ 2 months.

Because chemotherapy drugs have the same killing effect on normal cells of the body, the effective dose of chemotherapy for breast cancer is quite close to that of poisoning. At the same time, because chemotherapy itself can inhibit the immune function of the host, when the immunosuppression effect of administration exceeds the anti-tumor effect, it can sometimes have an irreversible effect on the main organs. Damage, hoping to attract attention. Chemotherapy is the most advanced treatment method in tumor treatment in recent years. Chemotherapeutic drugs are often "unclear" and "indistinguishable from the enemy", killing both tumor cells and normal human cells. Therefore, chemotherapy may have the following toxic effects and adverse reactions:

1. When intravenous chemotherapy drugs are injected, careless operation and liquid leakage may cause local tissue necrosis and thrombophlebitis. Therefore, medical personnel must be very careful and take preventive measures seriously;

2. Inhibit the decline of bone marrow hematopoietic system, mainly leukocytes and platelets. Before each chemotherapy, you should have a blood test. If the white blood cell count is lower than (2. 5 ~ 3) × 109/L, platelet (50 ~ 80) × 109/L, chemotherapy should be stopped temporarily, and drugs for raising blood cells should be used according to the doctor's advice. In addition to shark liver alcohol, hematopoiesis, nucleotide, vitamin B6 and other original therapeutic drugs, as well as traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating qi and blood, some colony stimulating factors produced by gene recombination engineering in recent years have obvious effects on promoting blood cell proliferation. Only when these drugs are used in time after chemotherapy, the white blood cells will not decrease significantly;

3. Liver cells can be damaged to varying degrees, such as alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin, hepatomegaly, liver pain, jaundice and so on. Seriously, it can cause liver cirrhosis and coagulation mechanism disorder, so check liver function before and during medication, find problems in time, solve them in time, and stop chemotherapy when necessary;

4. Some chemotherapeutic drugs have toxic effects on cardiovascular system, which may lead to severe heart failure. Therefore, ECG should be checked before and during medication, and the drug should be stopped immediately and treated in time if any abnormality is found. For patients with heart disease, chemotherapy drugs that are toxic to the heart should be avoided.

5. Chemotherapeutic drugs with toxic effects and adverse reactions on respiratory system can cause acute chemical pneumonia, chronic pulmonary fibrosis and even respiratory failure. Therefore, pulmonary toxic drugs (that is, chemotherapy drugs that are toxic to the respiratory system), such as orthophotericin, should be checked regularly during the medication period, and attention should be paid to follow-up after stopping the drug. Discovered pulmonary toxic reaction, immediately stop chemotherapy and hormone therapy;

6. The side effects and adverse reactions of urinary system include proteinuria, oliguria or anuria, and some have hematuria. In order to clearly understand the renal function, we should check it regularly before and during medication, and treat it in time when problems are found. During the treatment, we should drink more green tea water and take Chinese herbal medicine for diuresis and stranguria, so that the daily urine output is 2000 ~ 3000 ml. Experience has proved that this can reduce the toxic effects and adverse reactions of the urinary system;

7. Some drugs will affect fertility and lead to teratogenesis. During chemotherapy, male patients should do birth control well, and female patients should stop or avoid chemotherapy if they are pregnant. Generally, reproductive function can be restored after stopping chemotherapy.

8. Not all patients have hair loss and skin reaction. Even if it happens, don't worry too much, because after the general patient stops taking the medicine, the hair that has fallen off will grow back, and the erythema, rash and pigmentation of the skin will improve or disappear;

9. Among the systemic reactions of chemotherapy, the toxic side effects and adverse reactions of the digestive system are the most distressing to patients, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea, oral mucosal ulcer, pharyngitis, etc.