Tibetan traditional folk musical instruments are

In Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinghai and Gansu, there are two commonly used religious instruments, namely Dong Gang and Tongqin, which are still in use today.

Dong Gang, also known as Lin Gang and Zhalingjun in Tibetan, and Fa Hao and Lama Hao in Han nationality, evolved from the ancient horn instrument and is one of the instruments of Tibetan Buddhism. These pipes are mainly made of copper and silver. Similar in shape to a big horn, it is a veritable leg angle. Different specifications, mostly composed of three parts. A rigid cave in a monastery in Lhasa, Tibet, is 45 cm long, with a slightly curved tube and an oval bell mouth at the lower end. The pipe body is beautifully decorated, and various patterns and decorations are engraved on the outside. One end near the bell mouth is engraved with the convex pattern of the head of the dragon head or the god, and is also inlaid with agate or pine ear stone. The rigid cave of Tashilhunpo Temple in Shigatse, Tibet, is made of red copper and has a total length of 42 cm. The outer surface of the tube is inlaid with silver ornaments, and the lower end is equipped with a silver ring, which is decorated with yellow silk.

When playing the hole, hold the upper end of the pipe vertically with your hand, and the air enters the pronunciation from the mouthpiece, without a fixed pitch. Copper rigid hole purrs, with rough timbre and loud volume. I often use two instruments at the same time, first solo in turn, and then ensemble together (see the picture below), which means calling God. It is mainly used for chanting music, Qiang performances and religious ceremonies in Lama Temple, and is a common religious instrument in large Tibetan Buddhist temples.

Tongqin, also known as Ladong in Tibetan, Bi Li in Mongolian and Tubo and Mang in Chinese, has been in Tibetan areas for more than 1 100 years, and was introduced to Inner Mongolia with Tibetan Buddhism in the 6th century. The whole body is made of copper, which is divided into three sections: upper, middle and lower. When not in use, the upper and middle sections can be folded into the lower section tube. There are two sizes of barrel piano, the small one is about 150 cm long and the big one is about 350 cm long. Sakya Temple in Sakya County, Tibet has preserved a precious silver barrel piano, which is 346 cm long and 28.5 cm small. Dangka Temple in Yushu, Qinghai Province has the shortest harpsichord, with a length of only 13 1 cm and an angular diameter of 14 cm. The Bi Li in the Lama Temple in Inner Mongolia is relatively large, some reaching 495 cm, and the trumpet is 30 cm in diameter, which is the most impressive.

When playing the drum, a monk holds the upper part of the drum with his hands, and his lips are close to the bell mouth to breathe. In temples, trumpets are often placed on the ground, wooden frames or on the low wall in front of the top floor of the hall. When playing or marching in the square, another monk stands or marches with a rope or trumpet on his shoulder. Each drum piano can emit three notes, with different pitches, loud volume and rough and deep timbre, as if there were an invincible momentum. Each temple has at least one pair of drums and Qin, and the larger temples have two or three pairs or more. It is often used in religious activities such as chanting and Qiang mu, and it is played on the eve of grand celebrations or festivals. It is often played in two pieces at the same time (see the picture above). In Tibetan areas, Tongqin is often played with Jialing, Shengu and Buzha. At present, in drepung monastery and Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, Tibet, extremely precious music scores of Tongqin are still preserved, which is called Yeung Yi in Tibetan. The special music that is often played is Egang Ha Festival and janice. In secular music activities, the bronze harp is used in the performances of the Tibetan Opera Troupe affiliated to the temple.

Also known as "Munnie" or "Zhan Mu's Nie". Ancient Tibetan plucked musical instruments. It has a long history and is widely circulated in Tibetan areas. Because of its six strings, the Han people call it "Tibetan". Rich and sonorous timbre, it is the main accompaniment instrument for Tibetan classical song and dance Ma Bao and folk song and dance, and also used for solo.

Tibetans are a nation that can sing and dance well. As early as 1300 years ago, there were relatively complete songs and dances. Zamu Nie was introduced into Tibet from the mainland in the Tang Dynasty. From the ancient murals, we can see the mixed wood nie that is both pulled and pulled.

Ci Hai: "Zamu Nie, ... is a wooden piano body with one size, a * * sounding box like a cut gourd, covered with snakeskin or sheepskin, with six strings. The adjacent two strings are divided into three groups, and the strings are arranged in a four-degree relationship."

Since ancient times, Zamunie has always maintained a quaint shape. The piano head is bent back into a semi-arc, and there are three scrolls on the left and right. The piano head is generally unadorned, and some are carved into faucets. The piano rod is thin and long, with a fingerboard on the surface and a wooden half-gourd-shaped sound box under it. The upper part of the piano box is small and prismatic, and the lower part is large and round, covered with python skin or sheepskin. For six strings (three groups), the tuning from low to high is (a, d 1, g 1) respectively. When playing, the right shoulder holds the piano, the left hand presses the strings, and the right hand plays with the plucker. The pronunciation is rich and loud, similar to the three-string timbre. There used to be only one kind of mixed water nie. After improvement, there are all kinds of mixed water nie in high, middle and low tones, which meets the needs of playing different music.

In the 1960s, the reformed bass string "Zhashui Nie" maintained its original national style, expanded the * * * resonance box, shortened the piano rod, set a thin net in the box and supported the sound column, and adopted the track-type piano horse. Uniform and pure pronunciation, rich bass and bright treble, which significantly enriched the bass voice of folk bands.

Nangma (meaning "Neifu Music") is a kind of Tibetan classical song and dance art form with flexible bands, but Limu Nie is still the main accompaniment instrument, and sometimes two pieces are used at the same time.

Duixie is a popular folk song and dance in Tibet, usually in the form of collective song and dance. Dance often makes the sound of tap dance by stepping on the ground, so Han people call it "tap dance". Zamune is the main accompaniment instrument folded in half, and there is often only one Zamune accompaniment.