What are the characteristics of modernism?

Modernism is not the name of a particular literary school or trend of thought, but the general name of various literary trends of thought, especially realism, also known as avant-garde, including expressionism, futurism, Dadaism, existentialism, black humor, absurd drama and so on. Their common feature is to flaunt the aesthetic ideological basis of seeking creation again in order to get rid of the ideological crisis of the bourgeoisie. Influenced by various popular irrational philosophies, such as Nietzsche's superman philosophy and Bergson's intuitionism, they often express the absurdity, indifference and incomprehension of the world around them in their works, and express the painful feelings of modern people such as strangeness and loneliness. They emphasize the truth of inner life and psychology, oppose the critical realism of19th century, and are keen on revealing inner world and subconscious activities. In terms of expression, the time sequence is reversed and symbolic language is often used. The innovation of modernism had a far-reaching impact on the development of world literature and art in the 20th century.