(16) Read the following materials and answer the questions. Materials-American traditional school believes that the Cold War was caused by the Soviet Union, which was keen on acquiring territory.

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(16) Read the following materials and answer the questions. Materials-American traditional school believes that the Cold War was caused by the Soviet Union, which was keen on acquiring territory.

(1) Viewpoint: The expansion and aggression of the Soviet Union triggered the Cold War. (2 points)

Reason: The Cold War was the result of the conflict between ideology and national interests of the United States and the Soviet Union. (4 points)

(2) Features: Relaxation and tension coexist. (2 points)

Factors: the balance of power between the United States and the Soviet Union (the impact of the nuclear threat); The development of new multipolar forces in the world. (4 points)

(3) The Korean Peninsula is divided into two countries; In the early days of the founding of New China, the first five-year plan was implemented, giving priority to the development of heavy industry and establishing a planned economic system. (4 points, if justified, you can give points as appropriate)

Test analysis:

(1) The American traditional school believes that the Cold War was caused by the Soviet Union, which was keen on acquiring territory, especially the territory of Eastern Europe. Without the active containment policy of the United States, the Soviet Union would continue to expand in Europe, the Middle East and Asia. According to the knowledge learned, the Cold War was the result of the conflict between the ideology of the United States and the Soviet Union and the national interests.

(2) The second material points out that the Cuban missile crisis of 1962 brought the psychological war between the United States and the Soviet Union to a climax, and then the relationship between the two sides entered a relatively relaxed state that lasted for more than 10 years. ..... Since the late 1970s, the relationship between the two countries has been tense again. It can be seen that the main feature of the process of hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union is the coexistence of relaxation and tension. There was no new world war during the cold war, on the one hand, because the United States and the Soviet Union were evenly matched; On the other hand, it is restricted by the multipolar forces in the world.

(3) This topic examines the impact of the Cold War on the international community, and requires taking Asia as an example to give two examples: the Korean Peninsula is divided into two countries; Vietnam War; In the early days of the founding of New China, the first five-year plan was implemented, giving priority to the development of heavy industry and establishing a planned economic system.