Assembled building construction mode has become the darling. Does the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry?

Assembled building refers to a building that transfers a lot of field work in traditional building methods to a factory and processes and manufactures building parts, such as floors, wallboard, stairs, balconies, etc. in the factory. , and transported to the construction site, assembled and installed on site through reliable connection.

It mainly includes assembled concrete structure, steel structure and modern wood structure. Assembled building adopts standardized design, factory production, assembled construction, information management and intelligent application, which is a modern industrial production mode. Vigorously developing prefabricated buildings is a strategic measure to implement the spirit of the central city work conference and an important way to promote the transformation and development of the construction industry.

Assemble building model

First, fully understand the importance and urgency of developing prefabricated buildings.

Prefabricated architecture is a major change in the way of architecture. After the Second World War, prefabricated buildings have been widely built in developed countries, but at present, the proportion of prefabricated buildings in new buildings in China is less than 5%, which is far from the international advanced level.

Compared with the traditional construction method, the assembled building is energy-saving, water-saving, material-saving, time-saving, labor-saving, greatly reducing construction waste and dust, and protecting the environment. The development of prefabricated buildings is the main content of green development, circular development and low-carbon development of construction industry, and it is an important means to stabilize growth, promote reform and adjust structure. It is of great and far-reaching significance to comprehensively promote the construction of ecological civilization and accelerate the process of new urbanization.

(A) vigorously promoting prefabricated buildings can improve the efficiency of resource and energy utilization.

Assembled buildings can effectively use resources and energy, which is in line with the sustainable development direction of green, recycling and low carbon. Precast prefabricated concrete buildings can greatly reduce the amount of formwork, water, sand, stone, cement and other materials, and reduce the amount of formwork and scaffolding; Steel structure buildings can be used for steel storage and can be recycled after demolition; Wood is a renewable resource, which can be recycled and degraded naturally, and the energy consumption in the production and use of wood structure buildings is low.

(2) Vigorously promoting prefabricated buildings can reduce construction waste and dust pollution.

On-site masonry (pouring) method has low utilization efficiency of resources and energy, large discharge of construction waste, and serious environmental pollution caused by dust and noise. Vigorously developing prefabricated buildings can fundamentally change the "messy" situation of construction sites, effectively reduce air pollution and construction waste emissions during construction, and reduce environmental pollution such as dust and noise, which is conducive to improving urban environment and ecological civilization construction.

(3) Vigorously promoting prefabricated buildings can improve construction efficiency and project quality.

Assembled building integrates engineering design, production, construction, operation and maintenance with manufacturing technology, socialized large-scale production organization mode, modern management and information technology, and transforms the traditional "extensive" on-site operation into "refined" manufacturing with factory, industrialization and assembly, so as to comprehensively improve production efficiency, raise technical level, effectively ensure engineering quality and comprehensively enhance the level of modern development of construction industry.

(D) Vigorously promoting prefabricated buildings can resolve overcapacity.

Developing prefabricated buildings is an important measure to stabilize growth, adjust structure and increase efficiency. Taking the steel structure building as an example, for every new steel structure of 1 percentage point, the steel consumption can be increased by about 3.7 million tons. At the same time, the prefabricated building industry chain is long and there are many industrial branches. The development of prefabricated buildings can give birth to many new industries, including parts manufacturing enterprises and special equipment manufacturing enterprises, promote industrial reconstruction and increase employment, lengthen the industrial chain and promote the professional and refined development of enterprises.

Assemble building model

Second, prefabricated buildings have the foundation for large-scale development.

Over the years, with the active promotion of the government and the active participation of relevant enterprises, through the combination of policy guidance and market allocation of resources, scientific and technological innovation and standard improvement, the prefabricated building structure system, parts system and technical support system have been initially established, laying a solid foundation for large-scale development.

(1) The industrial development trend is good.

During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, more than 10 provincial governments have set up full-time management institutions to promote the development of prefabricated buildings, and more than 30 provincial or municipal governments have issued guiding opinions and supporting management measures, and carried out policy exploration in land transfer, financial subsidies, tax and financial support, finished housing and engineering pilot projects. Driven by the pilot cities, the prefabricated buildings that have been completed and newly started in recent years show a rapid growth trend.

(2) The technical support system has been continuously improved.

China's prefabricated building structure system and parts system have developed rapidly, and the prefabricated concrete structure, steel structure and wood structure building system have been developed and applied to a certain extent. The proportion of integrated design, construction and decoration projects has increased year by year, and the integrated heat preservation and energy-saving technologies and products of roof and external wall have become increasingly abundant. A series of standards and specifications such as "Technical Specification for Assembled Concrete Structures" and "Evaluation Standard for Industrial Buildings" have been issued, and a number of local standards and technical documents have also been issued in various places, providing strong technical support for the development of assembled buildings.

(3) Pilot cities and industrialization bases have developed rapidly.

During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, there were 13 comprehensive pilot cities (including two industrial parks) in China, and 57 prefabricated building base enterprises were cultivated. The area of prefabricated buildings completed by pilot cities and base enterprises accounts for more than 85% of the country, which provides policy and project support for the development of prefabricated buildings, cultivates the market, promotes the formation and agglomeration of industrial chains, and plays a good demonstration role.

(4) The endogenous power in the market has been continuously enhanced.

The rising production cost and the shortage of labor force in the construction industry objectively urge more and more development and construction enterprises to spontaneously study, explore and apply prefabricated buildings. The development of prefabricated buildings is attracting more design, construction and parts production enterprises to gather, forming a pattern of cooperation and competition among enterprises in the industrial chain. Government's market-oriented measures are playing an effective role. Local governments rely on government investment projects to provide market demand for prefabricated buildings, cultivate the supply capacity of spare parts and products by building prefabricated building industrial parks and introducing enterprises, and strengthen publicity to improve public awareness. The prefabricated building market is full of vitality.

Third, promote the breakthrough of prefabricated buildings.

To promote the breakthrough of prefabricated buildings, it is necessary to increase policy support, constantly improve the technical standard system, enhance the endogenous motivation of the development of prefabricated buildings, identify the target, make up your mind, and take various measures to comprehensively promote prefabricated buildings throughout the country. Strive to achieve the goal of "prefabricated buildings account for 30% of new buildings" proposed by the Central Urban Work Conference in about 10 years.

(A) to formulate the development plan of prefabricated buildings

Study and formulate guiding opinions for accelerating the development of prefabricated buildings, implement key tasks, and comprehensively promote the development of prefabricated concrete, steel structures and modern wood structures by innovating institutional mechanisms and strengthening safeguard measures. Compile the development outline of prefabricated buildings during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, put forward the development goal, technical direction, implementation path and organizational guarantee of prefabricated buildings during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, guide and promote the development of prefabricated buildings, and encourage qualified areas to formulate policies and measures to promote prefabricated buildings in combination with actual conditions.

(two) to strengthen the assembly building technology and management innovation.

The first is to strengthen the research and development and promotion of the assembly building technology system. Focus on the research and development of frame structure system, shear wall structure system and frame-shear wall structure system of assembled concrete structure, steel frame-supporting system, steel frame-steel plate shear wall system, steel frame-concrete shear wall system and modern wood structure building system. Research and promote the development of bim technology in the whole life cycle of design, construction, operation and maintenance, and popularize mature construction methods.

The second is to improve the assembly building technology and product standards. Promote the integrated development of prefabricated building design, prefabricated construction, interior decoration and acceptance management, and formulate and improve corresponding standards and norms. Accelerate the development of a universal, standardized, modular and serialized technical system for assembled building parts, actively guide the standardized production and application of integrated floors, internal and external wallboard, stair balconies, building decorative components and other parts, focus on guiding the integrated development of residential parts such as integrated kitchens and integrated bathrooms, and improve the construction of standard system for assembled building parts.

The third is to promote the management innovation of prefabricated buildings. Actively promote the general contracting mode of prefabricated building construction, realize the deep integration and unified management of design, construction and procurement in the process of engineering construction, and optimize the project site management mode.

(three) the construction of national assembly building production base.

Accelerate the construction of a number of state-level prefabricated building production bases, promote the development of the whole industrial chain, shape the upstream and downstream extension ability of production base enterprises around the whole chain of design, spare parts production and construction, pay attention to the balance of industrial layout, boost industrial agglomeration, expand industrial scale, cultivate new economic growth points and form a complete and effective supply. Relying on the construction of production base, we will cultivate leading enterprises with distinctive industrial characteristics, strong innovation ability and high industrial relevance, which can integrate design, production and construction.

(four) to carry out the pilot demonstration of the application of prefabricated building engineering.

Do a good job in the construction and guidance of the pilot demonstration project of prefabricated buildings, and promote the development of prefabricated buildings and related parts through the demonstration pilot project. Do a good job in the application of prefabricated concrete structures. Vigorously promote safe, reliable, green, energy-saving and mature technical system, improve the integrated application level of technology and products, and improve the overall quality and level of residential construction. Actively and steadily promote steel structure buildings. Taking shanty towns, dilapidated buildings and earthquake-resistant housing projects as the breakthrough point, we will focus on promoting the application of pilot projects in areas with good basic conditions for steel structure application, high seismic fortification level and concentrated steel production capacity, and continuously improve the key technical level and application ratio of steel structure buildings in China. Advocate the development of modern wood-structure buildings, organize and carry out the pilot work of modern wood-structure building engineering application, and promote the use of wood-structure buildings in low-rise new public buildings invested by the government and the transformation of urban flat slopes. Promote multi-storey wood-steel and wood-concrete mixed structure buildings. Focus on the promotion of wood structures in areas and tourist attractions featuring wood structures.

(5) Increase policy support.

Formulate policies and measures to promote the development of prefabricated buildings, and increase policy support such as finance and taxation. It is clear that industries related to prefabricated buildings enjoy preferential policies for energy conservation and environmental protection projects in emerging industries, which are included in the scope of comprehensive financial policy support for energy conservation and emission reduction, and parts and components are included in the national energy conservation and environmental protection catalogue. In the land transfer conditions, the relevant requirements of prefabricated buildings are clarified, and the land for prefabricated buildings is given priority. Increase investment in scientific research and promotion of prefabricated buildings, and give preferential policies such as supporting fees for urban construction of prefabricated buildings, special funds for new wall materials, quality guarantee, and wages for migrant workers. Accelerate the pace of reform of prefabricated building-related enterprises. Assembled building parts manufacturers that have been uniformly certified are regarded as construction enterprises and included in the scope of camp reform. We will implement policies such as preferential loans, interest reduction and exemption, and preferential down payment for prefabricated construction projects and related enterprises and consumers.

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