Introduction of Guo Moruo

Guo Moruo (1892-1978), male, Han nationality, China's modern famous scholars, literary scholars, historians, paleographers, social activists. born on November 16, 1892, formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, Leshan, Sichuan Province, September 1958 to June 1978 as the first president of the University of Science and Technology of China. Guo studied in Japan in his early years, and later accepted the ideas of Spinoza and Whitman, and resolved to abandon medicine for literature. He organized the "Creation Society" with Cheng Fangwu and Yu Dafu, and actively engaged in the new literary movement. In 1923, he systematically studied Marxist theory and advocated proletarian literature. 1926, he joined the Northern Expedition and served in the National Revolutionary Army. In 1926, he participated in the Northern Expedition and served as deputy director of the Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army. 1927, after Chiang Kai-shek purged the party, he took part in the Nanchang Uprising led by the Chinese ****anist Party. 1928, he was wanted by the Nationalist government and went into exile in Japan, where he devoted himself to the study of the ancient Chinese society, and authored such important scholarly works as Study of the Ancient Chinese Society and Study of the Oracle Bone Bones and Characters. 1937, he returned to his country after the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan, and became director of the Third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War in 1937, he returned to China and served as the director of the Third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission, and was later reappointed as the director of the Cultural Work Committee, uniting progressive cultural figures to engage in the anti-Japanese salvation movement. after 1946, he stood at the forefront of the democratic movement and became the revolutionary flag of the cultural circles in the areas under the rule of the Nationalists. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was elected chairman of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, served as vice-premier of the State Council and director of the Culture and Education Committee, president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and vice-chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, etc. He was also elected as a member of the Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh Central Committees of the Chinese*** Producers' Party. He edited the Chinese Historical Manuscripts and Oracle Bones Collection, and all his works were compiled into the 38 volumes of Guo Moruo Complete Works.　

Guo Moruo himself real photos (10) Guo Moruo is one of the main founders of the University of Science and Technology of China. 1958 May, in order to realize the modernization of science and technology, accelerate the training of national defense construction and cutting-edge scientific and technological expertise urgently needed, Guo Moruo, then president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with some famous scientists, to the Central Committee of the Party to the Chinese Academy of Sciences to create a new type of university proposal. Guo Moruo, then president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with some famous scientists, proposed to the Party Central Committee to establish a new type of university by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The proposal was supported by Party and state leaders Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping, Nie Rongzhen, etc., and approved by the Central Secretariat. In September of the same year, the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) was formally established in Beijing, and Guo Moruo was appointed by the State Council as its president. Since then, Guo Moruo served as the president of the University of Science and Technology of China for 20 years, showing his profound knowledge and deep educational thinking. Under his leadership, the Academy of Sciences carried out the policy of "running a school by the whole academy and combining the departments", implemented the policy of integrating scientific research and education, gave full play to the advantages of the academy's research institutes in terms of strong teachers and excellent scientific research equipments, and gave full support to the construction of the University of Science and Technology; established the principle of combining teaching and scientific research, science and technology, theory and practice, and advocated the principle of "hard work", and the principle of "hard work". The principles of combining teaching and scientific research, science and technology, and theory and practice were established, the excellent school spirit of "diligent study, parallel advancement of red specialties, and integration of theory and practice" was advocated, a new education system for cultivating emerging, marginal, and cutting-edge scientific and technological talents was established, and a democratic academic atmosphere of openness and compatibility with different schools of thought was formed, which have shown a strong vitality in the practice of running the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) and laid a solid foundation for the long-term development of the University. All these have shown strong vitality in the practice of running the university in the future, and laid a solid foundation for the long-term development of the university. On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the founding of the University of Science and Technology of China, a bronze statue of Guo Moruo was erected on the east campus.

Biography

Guo Moruo (1892-1978), formerly known as Kaizhen, was born on November 16, 1892, in Shawan Town, Leshan, Sichuan Province, and his ancestors lived in Shidu, Longshangli, Ninghua County, Fujian Province, that is, Shibi Town, Ninghua County, Fujian Province. Guo Moruo attended private school when he was young, and before he was 14 years old, he had laid a good foundation of pre-Qin academic and cultural knowledge.　In the spring of 1914, he went to Japan to study, first studying medicine, then from the literature. He first studied at the Sixth Higher School in Okayama, and graduated from the Medical Department of Kyushu Imperial University in Japan. During this period, he came into contact with the works of Tagore, Goethe, Shakespeare, Whitman and other foreign writers.　In the spring of 1918, he wrote "Shepherd's Lament", his first novel, and in the early summer of 1918, he wrote "The Temptation of Death", his earliest poem.　In 1919, when the May Fourth Movement broke out, he organized the National Salvation Society in Fukuoka, Japan, and devoted himself to the New Culture Movement, writing poems such as "Phoenix Nirvana", "Earth, My Mother", and "Coal in the Furnace". His masterpiece, The Goddess (published in 1921), broke away from the constraints of traditional Chinese poetry, reflected the spirit of the "May Fourth" era, and pioneered a new generation of poetic style in the history of Chinese literature.　In June 1921, he organized the Creation Society with Cheng Fangwu and Yu Dafu, edited the Creation Quarterly, and published his first collection of poems, Goddess.　In 1923, he graduated from the Imperial University of Japan and returned to China, where he continued to edit Creation Weekly and Creation Day.　After 1923, he systematically studied Marxist theory and advocated proletarian literature.　In 1926, he participated in the Northern Expedition and served as the deputy director of the Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army. After the failure of the Revolution, he refused to be solicited by Chiang Kai-shek and wrote a diatribe against Chiang Kai-shek entitled "Try to see Chiang Kai-shek today", and then took part in the Nanchang Uprising of August 1, 1926, which was a great success. Guo Moruo and Wei Juxian in archaeology

Between 1924 and 1927, he wrote the historical dramas Wang Zhaojun, Nie Zhen, and Zhuo Wenjun.　In 1928, because he was wanted by Chiang Kai-shek, he resided in Japan and engaged in the research of ancient Chinese history and paleography, and authored "Study of Ancient Chinese Society" and "Study of Oracle Bone Characters".　After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War in 1937, he returned to China and served as the director of the Third Office of the Political Department of the Military Commission, and later as the director of the Cultural Work Committee

, uniting progressive cultural figures to engage in the anti-Japanese salvation movement.　In 1941, after the "Anhui Incident", he wrote six historical dramas, including "Qu Yuan", "Tiger's Talisman", "The Flower of Tong Di", "Peacock's Gall", "South Crown Grass" and "Gao Jianli", as well as the poetry of battle, "Sound of Battle", and the essay, "The 300th Century Ritual of the Kashin Dynasty" (which was later designated as a document of rectification and study by the Central ****).　After 1946, he stood at the forefront of the democratic movement and became a revolutionary banner of the cultural sector in the Kuomintang-ruled areas.　In 1948, he was elected as the first academician of the Central Academy of the National Government in Nanjing, but he refused the title.　After the founding of New China, he persisted in his literary creation, publishing a number of collections of poems and other works, such as the historical drama Cai Wenji and Wu Zetian, and books such as The Age of Slavery, which offered the insight that the staging of slavery and feudalism in China took place during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. He served as a member of the Central People's Government, Vice Premier of the State Council and Director of the Culture and Education Committee, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Director of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Director of the first Institute of History, Chairman of the Chinese People's Committee for the Defense of World Peace, Honorary President of the Sino-Japanese Friendship Association, President of the University of Science and Technology of China, and Chairman of the Federation of Literary and Artistic Associations of China, etc; Guo Moruo was a member of the Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh Central Committee of the China **** Producers' Party, and Vice-Chairman of the Second, Third and Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Guo Moruo (center) and Zhou Enlai (right)

Guo Moruo's important works and "two weeks of Jinwen Rhetoric Atlas Kaojie", "Jinwen Congkao", "Bu Rhetoric Compendium", etc., had caused a sensation in the academic community; life writings are collected in the collection of "Guo Moruo Wenji" (17 volumes) and the "Complete Works of Guo Moruo". His major literary works include: poems "Goddess", "Starry Sky", "Bottle", "Frontier", "Restoration", "Products", "Battle Sound", etc.; essays "My Childhood", "Before and After Anyway", "Ten Years of Creation", "Northern Expedition", "Boiling Soup", etc.; dramas "Three Rebellious Females", "Qu Yuan", "Tiger's Talisman", "Flower of Tong Dai", "Gao Jianli", "Cai Wenji", "Wu Zetian", etc.; and "Selected Poems by Guo Moruo", and translations of "Goethe's Faust". Goethe's Faust and so on. The People's Literature Publishing House published Guo Moruo's Complete Works.　On June 12, 1978, Guo Moruo died in Beijing at the age of 86 years.　Guo Moruo enjoys a high status in the fields of modern Chinese literary history, Chinese history and archaeology. After Lu Xun, he was another glorious flag on the Chinese cultural front. His works were collected into 17 volumes of "Moruo's Collected Works" (1957-1963), and the new edition of "Guo Moruo's Collected Works" was divided into three parts, namely literature (20 volumes), history and archaeology, which were published in succession since 1982. Many of his works have been translated into Japanese, Russian, English, German, Italian, French and other languages. Among them, "The Market in the Sky" and "Silent Night" have been selected for inclusion in the seventh grade textbook of the Humanistic Teaching Edition. Ode to Thunder and Lightning was selected for the eighth grade textbook. Guo Moruo related notes

Cultural evaluation

Guo Moruo once referred to himself as Goethe and was widely recognized by the cultural circles, such as Zhou Yang, who once told Guo Moruo, "You are Goethe, but you are the Goethe of the new China in the era of socialism." For example, Zhou Yang once said of Guo Moruo, "You are Goethe, but you are the Goethe of the new China in the socialist era." Sha Yexin quoted Engels' assessment of Goethe, pointing out the two sides of Guo Moruo as both a great genius and a mortal citizen. In contrast to professional researchers who hold him in high esteem, there is also contempt for Guo Moruo among the general public due to a lack of understanding, a misinterpretation of his character and psychology, and a harsh demand for this genius figure, and some serious scholars, such as Prof. Wen Rumin, the head of the Department of Chinese at Peking University, have labeled Guo Moruo as "academician" among the "academy" and "social public" among the public. Some serious scholars, such as Prof. Wen Rumin, director of the Chinese Department of Peking University, have called this diametrically opposed attitude toward Guo Moruo among the "academics" and the public "bipolar reading".

Achievements in Oracle Bone Characterization

Built Rhetoric

Guo Moruo was one of the four halls of Oracle Bone Characterization: Ding Tang. Writings such as "the study of oracle bone characters", "divination rhetoric compilation", "the dialectical development of ancient writing", "the staging problem of ancient Chinese history", "the study of ancient Chinese society", "the Bronze Age", "Ten Criticisms", "the age of slavery" and so on.　In the field of Chinese ancient history and archaeology, the fame of the "Four Halls" of oracle bone study is well known. Mr. Tang Lan's evaluation of the four halls is: "Since Xue Tang (Luo Zhenyu) guided the way, Guantang (Wang Guowei) followed with the history, Yantang (Dong Zuobin) distinguished the era, and Ding Tang (Guo Moruo) developed the examples of the rhetoric, it has been extremely prosperous for a while". These four halls basically represent the course and achievements of oracle bone research before 1949, their academic contributions and status are also in between, it is difficult to weigh out a high and low. However, from the point of view of the construction of the theory and system of oracle bone study, Mr. Dong Zuobin has contributed a lot. If he had not made outstanding contributions to the scientific excavation of oracle-bone inscriptions and the research on the interrupted generations, this brand-new discipline of oracle-bone study might not have been so quickly born out of the ancient mother of jinshi science. Recently, I read "Fifty Years of Oracle Bone Study" (hereinafter referred to as "Fifty Years"), and this kind of feeling is particularly deep.

Edit the origin and meaning of the pen name

Guo Moruo's mother Du invited Zhen said that when she was pregnant, she dreamed of a small leopard suddenly biting the tiger's mouth of her left hand, so to Guo Moruo's breast name is called "Wen Bao". He was the eighth in the family, and his mother called him "Baji". At the age of four and a half, Guo Moruo went to private school. His family named him Guo Kaizhen, and his name was Shangwu. "Guo Moruo" was his common pen name; why "Moruo"? In his hometown, Shawan Town, Leshan County, Sichuan Province, there are two major rivers, the Dadu River (anciently known as Mo Shui) and the Ya River (anciently known as Ruoshui), which flows into the Dadu River. In the Han Dynasty, Sima Xiangru's "Diatribe of Bashu" refers to the confluence of the Dadu River and the Ya River in the sentence "Foeruo". Guo Kaizhen first used the pen name "Moruo" on September 11, 1919, when he published his early poems in the newspaper Current Affairs Newspaper - Learning Light, and with the publication of the collection Goddess, "Guo Moruo" became familiar to people.　During his life, Guo Moruo used more than fifty names, names, aliases and pen names. They are: Guo Kaizhen, Shangwu, Wenbao, Baer, Fenyang master, Zhujun master, Dingfu, Moruo, Xiaxie, Guo Moruo, Mo, Aimou, Guo Dingtang, Dingtang, Gao Haoran, McAng, Wu Cheng, Lin Shouren, Du Niaoshu, Du Tsuen, Duche, Kannan, Yi Kannan, Shituo, Shituo Sheng, Li Ji, Ahe Naigu Dengzhi, Meng Qiqi 外史, Wang Guowei, Guo Aimou, Meng Qisheng, Meng nephews, Gu Ren, Gao Ruhong, Guo Shituo, Sato Kazuo, Anna, Guo Shituo, Sato Kazuo, and Guo Shituo, and Guo Aimou. Guo Moruo, Kazuo Sato, Anna, Ding, Yang Bo Mian, Du Yan, Bai Gui, Rongma Scholar, Niu He Zhi, Yang Yi Zhi, Ding Rucheng, Ryuko, Clarke, Jiang Cou, Yuko, Fujiko's husband, Sato Sadayoshi, Guo Mai Weak, Gao Ming, as well as and his wife, Mrs. Yu Liqun co-wrote the article Yu Shuo, and so on.　Guo Moruo several major pen names are: McAng: "Mike" is the English maker (author) of the phonetic translation, "Ang" I also, McAng is "the author is my" meaning. The meaning is "the author is me". After the failure of the Nanchang Uprising, he first used this pen name in January 1928, when he published his literary treatise The Heroic Tree in the Volume 1, Issue 8 of the Creation Monthly.　DU ACCESSORIES (kàn): Guo Moruo's mother's name was Du, and her character was衎直(衎直), so she took this name in honor of her mother. Guo Moruo missed his mother during his stay in China. In 1929, he published a paper on the study of ancient Chinese society in Oriental Magazine and signed it with this name.　DU DU SHU: Guo Moruo's mother was a concubine, and he himself was a "concubine". He published "Stages in the Historical Development of Chinese Society" and other important works of historical research, signed "Du Noushu" in honor of his mother.　Kan Ren, Yi Kan Ren: Guo Moruo had a severe case of typhoid fever when he was a teenager, leaving him partially deaf. The "I Ching" on the Kan Gua, said it "in the people are also deaf", Kan people, Yi Kan people that is the meaning of the deaf. Guo Moruo from 1928 to translate the American writer Sinclair's "King of Charcoal", "Slaughterhouse", "Kerosene" and other books, using the pen name of Yi Kan people.　Ding, Dingtang, Guo Dingtang: Guo Moruo's original name was Guo Kaizhen, and the Shuowen Jiezi says, "Ancient writing uses Zhen as Ding." Ching, Ding two words common. Ding and attached to the Hall to take its sound as "Dingdang", take its meaning "Dingdang". 1931 Guo Moruo published in the "Oriental Magazine", "Mao Gong Guo Moruo (right) and Marshal Chen Yi (center)

Ding of the years", that is, signed Dingtang.　Shituo, Shitosheng, Guo Shituo: related to the tripod, the tripod inscription in the late Zhou Dynasty called the tripod Shituo, which is an alias of the tripod. 1934, the Commercial Press Guo Moruo translation of the Science of Life, that is, signed Shituo.　Guo Moruo had many pen names and pseudonyms, including "Guo Dingtang", "Macon", "Yang Yi Zhi", "Yang Bo Mian" and "Bai Gui". "Bai Gui" and so on, but the most used is "Guo Moruo" the pen name. Because his hometown of Leshan, Sichuan Province, two water, one is foam water (i.e., Dadu River), the other is Ruoshui, he grew up drinking the two water when he was a boy, so he later published new poems, he used "Moruo" as a pen name.

One of the main founders of the University of Science and Technology of China

Guo Moruo was one of the main founders of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC).　　The Mouth of the Huangpu River The Goddess (collection of poems) 1921, Taidong The Bottle (collection of poems) 1927, Creation Society The Frontier (collection of poems) 1928, Creation Society The Recovery (collection of poems) 1928, Creation Society Below the Horizon (collection of novels and essays) 1928, Creation Society My Early Years (autobiography) 1929, Kwanghwa The Drift Trilogy (collection of novels and plays) 1929, Shinsei Shoten Miscellany in the Mountains and Others (collection of novels and plays) 1929, Shinsei Shoten The Black Cat and the Tower (collection of novels and essays) 1931, Sendo Shoten Regret (collection of novels and plays) 1930, Kwang Hwa The Black Cat and the Lamb (collection of novels) 1931, Kokusai Imazu Jiyu (collection of essays) 1931, Aili Shoten The Dance of the Tables ( The Dance of the Table (novels, essays) 1931, Sendo bookstore Sequel to Literary Essays (collection of essays) 1931, Kwanghwa The Ten Years of Creation (memoirs) 1932, Hyundai Modern The Collection of Moro's Letters 1933, Taito The Ragged Meanings (historical novels) 1936, Buji bookstore The Way of the Northern Expedition (prose) 1937, Chiu-Feng Publishing House Willing to be Cannon Fodder (collection of dramas) 1938, Beixin The Sound of Battle (poems) 1938, Warrior Publishing House The Decade of Creation Continued (memoirs) 1938, Beixin Bookstore Feishu Jijie (prose and essays) 1941, Hong Kong YuXia Bookstore Quyuan (plays) 1942, Chongqing WenLin Publishing House PuJian Jijie (prose and essays) 1942, Chongqing Literature Bookstore TongDi Zhi Hua (plays) 1942, Writers' Bookstore Tiger Runner (plays) 1942, QunXi Bookstore (script) 1942, Qunyi, Qu Yuan Studies (essays) 1943, Qunyi, The Collection of the Present and the Past (essays) 1943, Dongfang Bookstore, Peacock's Gall Bladder (script) 1943, Qunyi, Nanguancao Cao (script) 1944, Qunyi, The Age of Bronze (historical essays) 1945, Wenzhi Publishing House, The Pre-Qin Doctrines of the Forest (essays) 1945, Yong'an Southeast Publishing House, Fujian, China, The Ten Criticisms (historical essays) 1945, Yong'an Southeast Publishing House, Fujian, China. (Historical Essays) 1945, Qunyi Waves (Essays) 1945, Qunyi Soviet Chronicle (Essays) 1946, Shanghai Chinese and Foreign Publishing House; renamed Fifty Days in the USSR 1949, Dalian New China Bookstore Returning (Essays) 1946, Beixin Chiku (Scripts) 1946, Qunyi Nanjing Impressions (Essays) 1946, Qunyi Boyhood (Autobiography) 1947, Hanyan (autobiography) 1947, Haiyan Revolutionary Spring and Autumn (autobiography) 1947, Haiyan Appendicitis (collection of essays) 1947, Qunyi Present and Past Pu Jian (collection of essays and miscellaneous essays) 1947, Haiyan Historical Figures (history) 1947, Haiyan The Collection of Boiling Soup (collection of essays and miscellaneous essays) 1947, Dafu Publishing House Heaven, Earth, and the Metaphysical World (collection of essays and miscellaneous essays) 1947, Dafu Publishing House The Laughter of the Underground (collection of novels) 1947, Haiyan The Laughing of the Underground (collection of novels) 1947, Haiyan The Laughing of the Underground (collection of novels) 1947, Dafu Publishing House The Laughter of the Underground (collection of novels) 1947, Haiyan The Path of Creation (theory) 1947, Wenguang The Collection of Holding Arrows (collection of novels and essays) 1948, Haiyan The Collection of Productions (collection of poems) 1948, Qunyi The Collection of the After-rain Collection (collection of poems) 1951, Kaiming The Sea Waves (collection of essays) 1951, New Literature and Arts The Era of Slavery (history) 1952, New Literature and Arts The Collected Works of Moro (volumes 1-17) 1957, Kaiming The Collection of the Writings of Moro (volumes 1-17) 1957, New Literature and Arts The Collection of the Writers of Moro (volumes 1-17) 1952, New Literature and Arts The Age of Slavery (Historical Essay) 1952, New Literature and Art The Collected Works of Moro (1-17 vols.) 1957-1993, Humanities The Collection of Roosters (Poetry) 1959, Beijing Hongboqu (Autobiography) 1959, Hundred Flowers The Cai Wenji (Play) 1959, Cultural Relics The Collection of Tides (Poetry) 1959, Writers The Collection of Camels (Poetry) 1959, Humanities The Wuzetian 1962, Chinese Drama Li Bai and Du Fu 1972, People's Theory 1972, People The Complete Works of Guo Moruo, Sichuan People 1982-1987

Editing Calligraphic Achievements

Running and Cursive Rhymes