Use game theory to explain why emperors execute meritorious officials

Information asymmetry. The loyal ministers knew that they were dedicated to their country, but the emperor did not. Because every dynasty has a traitor, the emperor is afraid of the success of the traitorous ministers to overthrow his own dynasty, so in the case of not being able to distinguish between the loyal and the traitorous, the only way is to suppress all powerful ministers, of course, not only including the loyal ministers, there are also the traitorous ministers. This is exactly what is meant by the saying that it is better to kill 1 000 people by mistake than to let 1 person go. It is also the case that the birds are exhausted and the rabbits and dogs are cooked.